Deck 13: Family and Religion

Question 1

Romantic love is the basis of marriage in preindustrial societies.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

Polyandry unites one female with two or more males in marriage.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

People in the United States today are more accepting of divorce than they were a century ago.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

Bilateral descent is found in societies that have a relatively high level of gender equality.

Question 5

Feminist analysis links the operation of the family to patriarchy.

Question 6

Endogamy refers to the pattern of people marrying partners from the same social category.

Question 7

The trend in the United States is toward more racially mixed marriages.

Question 8

Social class affects what women expect in a husband.

Question 9

Jessie Bernard claimed that women would be happier in marriage if men did not expect them to do almost all the housework.

Question 10

Research indicates that a majority of U.S.married males are unfaithful to their wives at some point in their marriage.

Question 11

Kinship is based on common ancestry,marriage,or adoption.

Question 12

In the United States,two-thirds of the children under the age of five of working mothers receive care at a day-care facility.

Question 13

Around the world,most marriages have been polygamous.

Question 14

Parents and children form what sociologists call the extended family.

Question 15

The dominant residential form in the United States is neolocality.

Question 16

The structural-functional approach points out how family perpetuates social inequality.

Question 17

African Americans and Asian Americans show significant differences in typical family form.

Question 18

Exogamy means that parents of similar social position pass on their standing to their children.

Question 19

Three out of four people in the United States who divorce remarry at some point.

Question 20

Another name for the extended family is the conjugal family.

Question 21

Most research suggests that growing up in a one-parent family usually puts children at a disadvantage.

Question 22

Secularization refers to the historical increase in the importance of religion.

Question 23

In recent years,same-sex marriage has become legal in all states within the United States.

Question 24

The U.S.Census Bureau defines the "family" as

A)people who live together.
B)people who engage in economic cooperation.
C)people living together who are linked by birth,marriage,or adoption.
D)people who consider themselves to be a family.

Question 25

The CHAPTER-opening story of Rosa Yniguez,who came from Mexico to live and raise her three children in California,makes the point that

A)family patterns often change among immigrants who come to this country.
B)Hispanic women avoid forming families.
C)today's Latinas are having more and more children.
D)All of the responses are correct.

Question 26

The family is a social institution that is found in

A)most,but not all,societies.
B)about half of human societies in the world today.
C)high-income nations,but not in most low-income nations.
D)every society.

Question 27

The concept "endogamy" refers to marriage between

A)people of the same sex.
B)people of different social categories.
C)people of the same social category.
D)people related by birth.

Question 28

A family that includes parents,children and other kin is called

A)a nuclear family.
B)an extended family.
C)a family of affinity.
D)a conjugal family.

Question 29

Singlehood is gaining popularity among young people in the United States.

Question 30

The concept "sacred" refers to the familiar,everyday elements of life.

Question 31

Most cases of family violence involve men as both victims and offenders.

Question 32

A family composed of one or two parents and their children is called

A)a nuclear family.
B)an extended family.
C)a family of affinity.
D)a consanguine family.

Question 33

Karl Marx investigated the positive functions of religion for social life.

Question 34

The concept "civil religion" refers to tolerating practices and beliefs that differ from your own.

Question 35

Religion is a social institution involving beliefs and practices based on what is sacred.

Question 36

Before they reach the age of eighteen,half of U.S.children live with only one parent for some period of time.

Question 37

Which of the following are traits of marriage?

A)a legal relationship
B)sexual activity and childbearing
C)economic cooperation
D)All of these responses are correct.

Question 38

Max Weber linked the rise of industrial capitalism to Calvinist religious doctrine.

Question 39

The symbolic-interaction approach treats religion as socially constructed meaning that provides greater certainty and security for our lives.

Question 40

All world religions define women as more morally worthy than men.

Question 41

Describing the lives of working-class women,Lillian Rubin reported that the typical woman said she wanted a husband who

A)would confide in her.
B)was handsome.
C)had a steady job and was not violent.
D)was rich.

Question 42

Assume you were visiting a society in which people traced family ties only through women.This society would correctly be called

A)patrilocal.
B)matrilineal.
C)matrilocal.
D)polygynous.

Question 43

Typically,industrial societies make use of which of the following systems to trace ancestry?

A)bilateral descent
B)matrilineal descent
C)patrilineal descent
D)None of these responses is correct.

Question 44

Social conflict and feminist theories explain that families perpetuate social inequality in U.S.society through

A)inheritance of private property.
B)encouraging patriarchy.
C)passing on racial and ethnic inequality.
D)All of these responses are correct.

Question 45

The term "empty nest" refers to

A)families whose children have grown and left home.
B)women who choose to remain single.
C)women who marry,but choose to remain childless.
D)couples who are unable to have a child.

Question 46

The concept "patrilocality" refers to

A)rule of men over women.
B)a residential pattern by which a married couple lives near the husband's family.
C)a system of tracing descent through males.
D)a family composed of only males.

Question 47

According to the structural-functional approach,which of the following is counted among the tasks of the family?

A)socialization of the young
B)regulation of sexual activity
C)social placement
D)All of these responses are correct.

Question 48

In the United States,romantic love

A)is the reason most people expect to marry.
B)is not a very stable foundation for marriage.
C)may contribute to a high divorce rate.
D)All of these responses are correct.

Question 49

What is the effect of industrialization on the number of children in a typical family?

A)Families have more children.
B)Families have the same number of children.
C)Families have fewer children.
D)Families no longer care about how many children they have.

Question 50

A social-exchange analysis of family life is likely to consider

A)how families keep society as a whole operating.
B)how families perpetuate social inequality.
C)how individuals select partners who offer about as much as they do to the relationship.
D)how families regulate sexual activity.

Question 51

An important consideration leading many parents to limit the number of children they have is

A)the fear of an "empty nest" later on.
B)the high cost of raising children.
C)the approval of extended family members.
D)All of these responses are correct.

Question 52

In today's high-income nations,children are

A)an economic asset.
B)an economic liability.
C)able to earn more than the amount parents spend to raise them.
D)leaving home to go to work earlier in life than ever before.

Question 53

In the United States,a recent trend involving parenting is that

A)women are having more children.
B)women are marrying earlier in life.
C)more adults are delaying having children or choosing to remain childless.
D)most men are now marrying before age twenty.

Question 54

According to the structural-functional approach,the family

A)operates to perpetuate social inequality.
B)is important enough to be called the backbone of society.
C)encourages patriarchy.
D)All of these responses are correct.

Question 55

To which region of the world would you travel if you wanted to visit many countries where the law permits polygamy?

A)Africa
B)North America
C)South America
D)Scandinavia

Question 56

The MOST difficult transition in married life is typically

A)the birth of a first child.
B)the death of a spouse.
C)the last child leaving home.
D)retirement.

Question 57

The concept "homogamy" means that

A)people marry because they benefit from being married.
B)women usually marry older men.
C)people marry others who are socially like themselves.
D)most marriages are based on romantic love.

Question 58

A system of marriage that unites two partners is called

A)polygyny.
B)polygamy.
C)polyandry.
D)monogamy.

Question 59

A system of marriage that unites one woman with two or more men is called

A)polygyny.
B)polygamy.
C)polyandry.
D)All of these responses are correct.

Question 60

The incest taboo

A)exists only in industrial societies.
B)is found in all societies.
C)is found among all living species.
D)All of these responses are correct.

Question 61

A charismatic leader is most likely to be found in which of the following?

A)church
B)cult
C)denomination
D)state church

Question 62

Research shows that growing up in a single-parent family

A)is beneficial to children.
B)has no effect on children.
C)is usually a disadvantage to children.
D)is beneficial to boys,but harmful to girls.

Question 63

Which of the following concepts refers to the fusion of Christian principles with political activism,often Marxist in character?

A)evangelism
B)liberal Christianity
C)liberation theology
D)fundamentalism

Question 64

Which of the following would you expect to be the LEAST stable type of religious organizations?

A)cult
B)church
C)denomination
D)state church

Question 65

The concept of sacred refers to what is

A)common to everyday life.
B)found in every culture.
C)seen as set apart from everyday life and extraordinary.
D)no longer found in today's world.

Question 66

Karl Marx believed that religion

A)focuses life on the present rather than the future.
B)supports social inequality.
C)treats existing society as secular.
D)threatens the power of the state.

Question 67

Regardless of race,families headed by single women are

A)at high risk for poverty.
B)much larger than other family types.
C)much smaller than other family types.
D)likely to experience greater upward social mobility.

Question 68

The recent trend in racially mixed marriages has been

A)upward-the numbers are increasing.
B)stable-the numbers are holding steady.
C)downward-the numbers are falling.
D)rising in good economic times,and falling in bad economic times.

Question 69

When all the evidence is considered,about what share of the U.S.population is really at least somewhat religious?

A)one-tenth
B)one-third
C)two-thirds
D)nine-tenths

Question 70

Guided by the symbolic-interaction approach,sociologists examine

A)how various rituals sharpen the boundary between the sacred and profane.
B)how religion gives our existence a measure of security and meaning.
C)the use of ritual and religious meaning to strengthen social ties such as marriage.
D)All of these responses are correct.

Question 71

Religion is a social institution that is BEST defined as involving

A)beliefs and practices concerning what is sacred.
B)ideas about good and evil.
C)a series of beliefs about creation.
D)norms about how to live.

Question 72

All through the South,the largest number of Protestants is of which denomination?

A)Lutheran
B)Baptist
C)Methodist
D)Episcopalian

Question 73

Sociological analysis of religion is concerned with

A)understanding patterns of religious activity and their effect on society.
B)which religions are true and which are false.
C)the purpose of life.
D)discerning the will of God.

Question 74

Compared to what it was a century ago,the U.S.divorce rate is now

A)about the same.
B)half as high.
C)twice as high.
D)about three times higher.

Question 75

Following Emile Durkheim,the ordinary elements of everyday life are correctly considered to be

A)sacred.
B)profane.
C)religion.
D)ritual.

Question 76

Patterns that describe many Latino families include

A)enjoying the loyalty and support of extended families.
B)following conventional gender roles.
C)having greater parental control over children's courtship.
D)All of these responses are correct.

Question 77

Among American Indians who migrate from reservations to cities,a common pattern is to

A)develop a strong extended kinship.
B)create a fluid,or changing household.
C)start to use kin terms for unrelated people who live together.
D)All of these responses are correct.

Question 78

Which of the following religious organizations began as a cult?

A)Islam
B)Christianity
C)Judaism
D)All of these responses are correct.

Question 79

Which of the following categories of the U.S.population has the greatest share of female-headed households?

A)Hispanics
B)African Americans
C)Asian Americans
D)white,non-Hispanics

Question 80

Mounting research suggests that cohabitation

A)strengthens a couple's commitment to one another.
B)may actually discourage marriage.
C)increases the financial security of children.
D)All of these responses are correct.