Deck 27: The Age of Containment, 1946-1953

Question 1

The National Association of Manufacturers

A)supported the idea of a "Second Bill of Rights."
B)believed that expanded domestic programs would destroy private free-enterprise.
C)supported President Truman.
D)supported bills to expand public housing.
E)advocated stronger environmental laws.

Answer 1

believed that expanded domestic programs would destroy private free-enterprise.

Question 2

In 1949,Mao Zedong forced Jiang Jieshi's forces off mainland China to the offshore island of

A)Korea.
B)Hawaii
C)Tahiti.
D)Indonesia.
E)Formosa.

Answer 2

Formosa.

Question 3

National Security Council Document 68 (NSC 68)endorsed which of the following?

A)massive military buildup
B)covert actions
C)enlarged propaganda efforts both inside and outside the United States
D)economic pressure
E)all of these choices

Answer 3

all of these choices

Question 4

The first player to break Major League Baseball's policy of racial discrimination was

A)Willie Mays.
B)Leroy ("Satchel")Page.
C)Willie McCovey.
D)Jackie Robinson.
E)Larry Doby.

Question 5

Women in movies referred to as film noir were portrayed as

A)ideal wives and mothers.
B)competent professionals.
C)beautiful but dangerous.
D)dumb but lovable.
E)communist conspirators.

Question 6

The article in Foreign Affairs that called for the policy of containment to be used against the Soviets was authored by

A)Harry Truman.
B)Dean Acheson.
C)George Kennan.
D)Richard Nixon.
E)Dwight Eisenhower.

Question 7

Supporters of the "Second Bill of Rights"

A)sought to amend the Constitution.
B)hoped to abolish the poll tax.
C)wanted to limit presidents to two terms in office.
D)advocated equal rights for all races.
E)believed all Americans had a right to such rights as food,shelter,education and health care.

Question 8

When Eisenhower was elected President in 1952

A)Democrats continued to control both houses of Congress.
B)Republicans won overwhelming victories in both houses of Congress.
C)Republicans won narrow victories in both houses of Congress.
D)he immediately switched to the Democratic Party.
E)Democrats controlled the house,but Republicans controlled the Senate.

Question 9

The war in Korea began when the

A)South Korean army moved across the thirty-eighth parallel into North Korea.
B)Chinese army moved across the thirty-eighth parallel into South Korea.
C)North Korean army moved across the thirty-eighth parallel into South Korea.
D)United States landed at Inchon.
E)Soviet Union invaded South Korea.

Question 10

The Fair Deal's national health insurance program

A)was very liberal and well received.
B)was supported by large insurance companies.
C)was simple to understand
D)was rejected.
E)was supported by the American Medical Association.

Question 11

All of the following are true about the Truman Doctrine except that it

A)argued that the United States must oppose Communist aggression around the world.
B)argued that the United States must allocate money for nations resisting outside subversion.
C)was initially tied to the Greek civil war.
D)was strongly opposed by all members of Congress.
E)it called for the U.S.to aid those who were resisting armed minorities from within.

Question 12

All of the following were part of the "G.I.Bill" except

A)providing veterans with financial assistance for education.
B)mandating that veterans receive favorable terms for securing loans for home purchases.
C)mandating preferential treatment when veterans applied for public-sector jobs.
D)the promise to veterans of a future financial bonus.
E)it eventually provided medical care in veterans' hospitals.

Question 13

The Fair Deal can be viewed as all of the following except

A)a continuation of New Deal policies such as Social Security.
B)an attempt to act on the Democratic Party's promises for civil rights and national health care.
C)an effort to expand on Truman's desire for "maximum" employment policies.
D)support for farm prices.
E)an effort to silence critics who considered Harry Truman unfit to be president.

Question 14

The Korean War

A)helped Truman implement a broad vision of NSC-68.
B)allowed Truman to increase income taxes.
C)was the first time since World War II that atomic bombs were used in warfare.
D)had little impact on America or its foreign policy decisions.
E)aided a communist movement in the U.S.

Question 15

The major goal of the Marshall Plan was to

A)crush the Soviet Union.
B)destroy communist subversion in the United States.
C)build a series of military alliances throughout the world.
D)counter communism by offering economic aid to war-torn European countries.
E)overthrow communist governments in Latin America.

Question 16

The Long Island suburb of ____,which opened in 1947,consisted of more than 10,000 affordable homes for middle-income families.

A)the Bronx
B)Morristown
C)Edeltown
D)Yorktown
E)Levittown

Question 17

The Taft-Hartley Act

A)enacted the highest tariff in U.S.history.
B)negated many union gains from the New Deal years.
C)implemented the first peacetime draft in U.S.history.
D)required strict loyalty oaths from all Americans.
E)imposed the first income tax.

Question 18

Which of the following was not included in the National Security Act of 1947?

A)It provided the basis for the Department of Defense.
B)It created the Federal Bureau of Investigation.
C)It created the National Security Council.
D)It created the Air Force.
E)It created the Central Intelligence Agency.

Question 19

The 1949 military and political alliance linking Western European nations with the United States was

A)NATO.
B)CENTO.
C)SEATO.
D)the Warsaw Pact.
E)the Marshall Plan.

Question 20

Each of the following ran for the presidency in 1948 except

A)Harry Truman.
B)Thomas Dewey.
C)Strom Thurmond.
D)Dwight D.Eisenhower.
E)Henry Wallace.

Question 21

All of the following contributed to Truman's victory in the election of 1948 except

A)the lackluster campaign of his Republican opponent.
B)Truman's vigorous cross-country,old-fashioned,speaking tour.
C)Truman's denunciation of the "do nothing" eightieth Congress.
D)Dewey's reputation as a communist sympathizer.
E)voter loyalty to the memory of Roosevelt and the New Deal.

Question 22

General Douglas MacArthur was fired by Truman because MacArthur

A)lost the Korean War.
B)refused to attack north of the Yalu River.
C)publicly disagreed with Truman's containment policy.
D)was too old and senile to command combat troops.
E)launched a preemptive strike on the Soviet Union.

Question 23

In the late 1940s militant ideologues charged the Truman Administration was subverting the cause of

A)individual liberty.
B)democratic government.
C)anticommunism.
D)economic determinism.
E)support for the U.S.Constitution.

Question 24

The North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)

A)established a European free-trade zone.
B)continued the traditional U.S.policy of nonentanglement.
C)delivered economic aid to the Soviet Union.
D)called for preemptive wars against likely aggressors.
E)considered an attack on one member nation an attack on all members.

Question 25

Truman's domestic policies were based on

A)the idea that economic growth would finance federal welfare programs.
B)a tax-the-rich plan.
C)a reduction in the size and power of the federal government.
D)allowing the free enterprise system to function without government intervention.
E)rolling back labor reforms of the 1930s.

Question 26

The House Un-American Activities Committee (HUAC)

A)accused Richard Nixon and John Wayne of spying for the Communists.
B)proved that the labor movement was loyal and procapitalist.
C)helped capture and convict some of the most dangerous Soviet spies in the United States.
D)destroyed the careers of hundreds of TV and movie workers.
E)identified those who worked for the Nazi Party in the U.S.

Question 27

Adlai Stevenson,the Democratic presidential candidate in 1952,was from

A)South Carolina.
B)Indiana.
C)New York.
D)California.
E)Illinois.

Question 28

Formal integration of Major League Baseball began in which year?

A)1940
B)1947
C)1958
D)1960
E)1962

Question 29

Bernard Baruch's plan for limiting atomic power included

A)the eventual destruction of U.S.atomic weapons.
B)an end to all atomic research.
C)organization of public antinuclear protest marches all over the world.
D)establishment of a U.N.nuclear arsenal to intimidate rogue military groups.
E)the use of nuclear weapons against any nation that threatened to develop such weapons.

Question 30

The Central Intelligence Agency was

A)created by Franklin Roosevelt during World War II.
B)given a mandate to infiltrate suspicious organizations within the United States.
C)an information-gathering agency with authority to participate in international covert actions.
D)required to receive congressional approval before it undertook any controversial actions.
E)not an important agency during the Cold War years.

Question 31

The U.S.anti-Communist crusade caused the federal government to

A)reduce U.S.military spending.
B)support corrupt,oppressive,racist governments in other countries.
C)encourage freedom of speech and conscience at home and abroad.
D)lose interest in U.S.holdings in the Pacific.
E)retreat into an isolationist stance.

Question 32

The Kinsey Report published in 1948

A)was a study of the major educational institutions in the United States.
B)exposed thousands of communists who worked for the State Department.
C)called for racial equality.
D)found that 30 percent of FBI agents were psychotic.
E)asserted that homosexuality was normal and should be tolerated.

Question 33

The "Dixiecrats" were officially called the

A)Southern Democratic Party.
B)Party of Dixie.
C)Democratic Rights Party.
D)States' Rights Democratic Party.
E)White Supremacy Party.

Question 34

In the election of 1952

A)Americans elected a war hero for president.
B)Democrats won the presidency.
C)Republicans carried the south.
D)Democrats carried the north.
E)all of these choices

Question 35

Truman responded to the Berlin blockade by

A)closing all land routes into West Berlin.
B)arresting the Soviet ambassador to the United States.
C)airlifting tons of supplies to the city.
D)pulling all Americans out of Berlin.
E)attacking the Soviet Union.

Question 36

Harry Truman's policy in regard to the Soviet Union was based on his belief that

A)the Russians were honest and could be trusted to negotiate in good faith.
B)the United States should cut off all contact with the U.S.S.R.
C)the United States had to take a firm stand in opposition to Soviet territorial and ideological expansion.
D)the United States should maintain friendly relations with the U.S.S.R.at all costs.
E)his isolationist stance.

Question 37

According to the popular view of the containment policy

A)the U.S.should only involve itself in the international disputes when U.S.territory is attacked.
B)all leftist insurgencies everywhere are controlled by the Russian Communists.
C)the U.S.must keep the public calm by carefully containing potentially frightening information.
D)both Communist and non-Communist nations must be contained within their own borders.
E)the spread of Communism is an indirect threat to the U.S.

Question 38

The couple arrested,tried,convicted,and executed (in 1953)for espionage were named

A)Hiss.
B)Chambers.
C)Rosenberg.
D)Ackroyd.
E)Jones.

Question 39

All of the following were characteristics of the suburbs except they

A)offered privacy,playgrounds,and built-in appliances
B)increased property ownership and symbolized the crusade against communism
C)served as model communities for racial integration.
D)benefited from federal loan policies and tax breaks
E)represented an optimistic spirit and confidence in the future.

Question 40

In 1951,Harry Truman relieved General ____ of his command in Korea for insubordination.

A)George C.Patton
B)Douglas MacArthur
C)Dwight D.Eisenhower
D)George Marshall
E)Henry Wallace

Question 41

In 1948 the newly created CIA used covert action to undermine the Italian communist party.

Question 42

Which of the following nations led the United Nations effort in Korea?

A)Great Britain
B)France
C)United States
D)Belgium
E)Japan

Question 43

MacArthur and Truman were in complete agreement regarding Korea.

Question 44

The U.S.-backed government of Syngman Rhee in South Korea was

A)a communist regime.
B)a democratic government.
C)an autocratic government.
D)a theocratic state.
E)a Nazi regime.

Question 45

The Mattachine Society

A)opposed communist infiltration of government offices.
B)advocated equal rights for gays.
C)defended actors and writers accused of being communists.
D)called for racial equality.
E)supported women's rights.

Question 46

In 1952 Dwight Eisenhower won a narrow electoral victory.

Question 47

President Truman's loyalty program

A)won the support of Joseph McCarthy.
B)proved that the domestic communist conspiracy was a serious threat to U.S.security.
C)was criticized by both the political far left and the far right.
D)resulted in a lower divorce rate in the U.S.
E)revived support for labor unions.

Question 48

In the presidential campaign of 1948,candidate Henry Wallace criticized President Truman for

A)his militant containment policies toward the Soviet Union.
B)his plans to integrate the military.
C)failing to win the war in Korea.
D)losing China to communism.
E)being a communist.

Question 49

The U.S.initial involvement in the Korean War was the direct result of Chinese troop movements southward.

Question 50

The "Truman Doctrine" called for the United States to aid those nations that were resisting internal "subversion."

Question 51

In the post war years commitment to "national security" served to

A)expand the power of the Supreme Court.
B)extend congressional involvement in foreign affairs.
C)expand personal liberties and freedom for Americans.
D)spread democracy throughout the world.
E)extend the power of the executive branch of government

Question 52

Anticommunism was used to

A)strengthen support for labor unions.
B)weaken labor unions.
C)integrate labor unions.
D)convince labor leaders to vote Republican.
E)extend the right to unionize to women workers.

Question 53

In the post-war years,in South Africa the U.S.supported

A)a democratic government.
B)a white supremacist government that enforced strict subordination of blacks.
C)a leftist regime.
D)reinstitution of colonialism.
E)a communist government.

Question 54

In the campaign of 1952,General Eisenhower was perceived as a far right candidate.

Question 55

Alger Hiss was charged with

A)espionage.
B)murder.
C)sexual misconduct.
D)perjury.
E)theft.

Question 56

Revisionist historians assert that most World War II Soviet expansion was essentially defensive not offensive.

Question 57

In 1948,under pressure from civil rights organizations,President Eisenhower issued an executive order that desegregated the armed forces.

Question 58

Private lenders denied credit to nonwhites seeking loans for suburban housing.

Question 59

A major turning point of the Korean War was General MacArthur's stunning amphibious assault at Inchon.

Question 60

The Truman Doctrine was first applied when the President asked Congress to extend aid to the governments of

A)China and Korea.
B)Greece and Turkey.
C)Texas and Oklahoma.
D)Great Britain and France.
E)the Soviet Union and China.

Question 61

The wartime alliance between the United States and the Soviet Union was only to defeat the Axis.

Question 62

Harry Truman never believed he could work out a deal with Soviet Premier Joseph Stalin.

Question 63

When Jackie Robinson broke the color barrier in Major League Baseball,he was strongly supported by his fellow players.

Question 64

Republican Arthur H.Vandenberg helped to win support for the Truman Doctrine.

Question 65

Joseph McCarthy linked the Lavender and Red Scares.

Question 66

Julius and Ethel Rosenberg were America's only atomic spies.

Question 67

Revisionist historians focus on Soviet expansionism when assessing the origins of the Cold War.

Question 68

In the election of 1948,Harry Truman was helped by voters loyal to the memory of Franklin Roosevelt's New Deal.

Question 69

Femmes fatales were beautiful but dangerous movie heroines during the post war years.

Question 70

Eisenhower had personal appeal on his side in the election of 1952.

Question 71

The McCarran Internal Security Act authorized the detention of alleged subversives during times of national emergency.

Question 72

Henry Wallace agreed with Harry Truman about his containment policies toward the Soviet Union.

Question 73

The Fair Deal's housing programs made absolutely no gains.

Question 74

Direct military aid to Latin American governments began in 1950 as part of Truman's containment initiatives.

Question 75

Truman's greatest accomplishment regarding civil rights was the order to desegregate the military.

Question 76

Ohio Senator Robert Taft was the leading supporter of NATO.

Question 77

Douglas MacArthur was relieved of command because of incompetence.

Question 78

The Employment Act of 1946 called for increased government spending to ensure employment for all citizens seeking work.

Question 79

Truman's Fair Deal attempted to regulate farm prices.

Question 80

The Soviets were not frightened by the atomic bomb.