Deck 14: Armed Conflict in Global Perspective

Question 1

Klare (2001) predicted that wars will increasingly be fought over issues like civil rights and women's rights.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

Corporate elites are one of the major benefactors of war.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

Constructivist explanations of war and conflict emphasize the key role that the military industrial complex plays.

Answer 3

False

Question 4

World War II was basically a war over clashing values and ideologies.

Question 5

Canada's mission in Afghanistan is considered to be one of war.

Question 6

War usually encourages social reform.

Question 7

Another name for a "holy war" is a jihad.

Question 8

Sri Lanka was host to one of the longest running civil wars in history.

Question 9

Posttraumatic stress disorder usually runs its course after a brief period of time.

Question 10

Canada's role as a "peacekeeper" was assigned by the United Nations.

Question 11

War has contributed indirectly to the industrialization and technological sophistication of the modern world.

Question 12

Currently, only individuals who serve or have served in the military can be diagnosed with posttraumatic stress disorder.

Question 13

The structural-functionalist perspective suggests that war would not exist unless it had positive outcomes for society.

Question 14

Governments use propaganda to motivate individuals to encourage enlistment.

Question 15

Dual-use technologies usually don't benefit the military.

Question 16

Civil wars often involve sweeping changes to the power structure of a society.

Question 17

Feminist analysis of wartime rape suggests that it is a manifestation of ethnic and gender dominance.

Question 18

During World War, II no women were allowed to volunteer for full time military service, other than nursing.

Question 19

Over 100 000 Canadian soldiers were killed in World Wars I and II combined.

Question 20

Computer technology has made nations less vulnerable to external attacks.

Question 21

In the twenty-first century, where are most wars fought?

A) remote battlefields
B) industrialized nations
C) populated countries
D) rural areas

Question 22

As of 2011, in how many areas around the world does Canada have troops that are actively deployed?

A) 3
B) 13
C) 23
D) 33

Question 23

Arbitration always involves a third party other than the disputants.

Question 24

Of mediation and arbitration, only mediation is considered to be a non-violent strategy.

Question 25

Computer technology has done which of the following?

A) made societies more vulnerable to attacks
B) made societies less vulnerable to attacks
C) made it easier for countries to fend off attacks
D) made fighting wars even more expensive

Question 26

The Nuclear Nonproliferation Treaty was signed in 1990.

Question 27

Industrialization does which of the following?

A) lessens the destructiveness of war
B) serves as a deterrent to war with non-industrialized nations
C) increases the potential for large-scale destruction
D) makes defence spending a priority

Question 28

In Canada, recent military expenditures have decreased while money allocated to social programs has increased.

Question 29

We currently have no safe way to dispose of nuclear weapons and ammunition.

Question 30

Combined, as of 2009 the United States and Russia still had over 3000 nuclear warheads.

Question 31

According to Cohen (1986), as countries become more industrialized, what happens?

A) their proneness to war increases
B) their proneness to war decreases
C) their ability to stay out of other countries' business decreases
D) they are drawn into war if it has financial implications to them

Question 32

As far as a participant in wars and post-wars, what has the reputation of Canada traditionally been?

A) ally
B) starter of disputes
C) neutral third party
D) peacekeeper

Question 33

According to the Defence Department, how might Canada's involvement in Afghanistan best be characterized?

A) war
B) peacekeeping
C) campaign against terror
D) deceleration

Question 34

The U.S./Soviet arms race was part of the Cold War.

Question 35

The Nuclear Nonproliferation Treaty attempts to stop the spread of nuclear weapons into countries that traditionally didn't have them.

Question 36

Mediation often results in a win-lose situation.

Question 37

The concept of mutually assured destruction assures a lose-lose situation were any country ever to attack another.

Question 38

Combatants often intentionally exploit natural resources to fuel their efforts.

Question 39

United Nations peacekeepers can be easily recognized by their distinctive green berets.

Question 40

The United Nations was founded immediately after World War I.

Question 41

What was the original mission of the United Nations?

A) peacekeeping efforts in troubled areas
B) the elimination of war
C) prevention of abuse and torture of prisoners of war
D) nuclear weapon disarmament

Question 42

Which of the following did former U.N. Secretary General Kofi Annan believe leads to conflict?

A) multinational corporations
B) unequal access to political power
C) disputes over scarce resources
D) greed

Question 43

Any measures that result in a more equal distribution of economic resources are likely to prevent which of the following?

A) public criticism
B) conflict
C) racial and ethnic problems
D) crime in the inner cities

Question 44

I have recently witnessed a horrific car accident in which several people were killed. Which of the following might I suffer from in the very near future?

A) suicidal ideation
B) posttraumatic stress disorder
C) manic depression
D) an inability to operate a motor vehicle

Question 45

"Dual-use technologies" usually have both commercial and what other kind of applications?

A) civilian
B) military
C) environmental
D) residual

Question 46

According to Klare, what is the number one reason behind war and conflict?

A) powerful interest groups
B) border disputes
C) the needs of society
D) the military

Question 47

In which year was the United Nations founded?

A) 1925
B) 1945
C) 1965
D) 1969

Question 48

Which of the following explains the difference between revolutions and civil wars?

A) civil wars do not necessarily lead to sweeping changes
B) revolutions do not necessarily lead to sweeping changes
C) revolutions usually take longer to run their course
D) civil wars are usually less violent

Question 49

Which sociological perspective believes that war would not exist unless it had positive outcomes for society?

A) structural-functionalist
B) conflict
C) symbolic interactionist
D) feminist

Question 50

In Canada, what type of government spending exceeded the combined total of spending on new energy technologies, improving human health, controlling pollution, and raising agricultural productivity?

A) education
B) space exploration
C) military spending
D) social services

Question 51

Which of the following perspectives focuses on how meanings and definitions influence attitudes and behaviours regarding conflict and war?

A) structural-functionalist
B) symbolic interactionist
C) conflict
D) social control

Question 52

According to conflict theorists, who does war benefit?

A) civilians, who now have jobs
B) the corporate, military, and political elites
C) the economy
D) religious groups

Question 53

What word best describes public perception of Canada's military spending?

A) excessive
B) unnecessary
C) embarrassing
D) miserly

Question 54

When leaders of ethnic groups stir up hostility in their countries, this falls under which of the following explanations?

A) military industrial explanations
B) constructivist explanations
C) ideological explanations
D) realistic explanations

Question 55

Which of the following, according to Starr and Stoll, will future wars be fought over?

A) oil
B) soft lumber
C) water
D) food

Question 56

World War II was a war that was predominantly fought over which of the following?

A) racial hostilities
B) political ideologies
C) land
D) natural resources

Question 57

Which of the following requires governments to destroy stockpiles of land mines within ten years?

A) the Kyoto accord
B) the Mitchell agreement
C) the Constructivist agreement
D) the Mine Ban Treaty

Question 58

Approximately how many Iraq and Afghanistan veterans are estimated to be suffering from PTSD?

A) 10 000
B) 100 000
C) 200 000
D) 300 000

Question 59

Feminists argue that wartime rape is not only a military strategy but also which of the following?

A) an insensitive and brutal act
B) an act of ethnic and gender dominance
C) a residual effect of war
D) an inevitable by-product of political intolerance

Question 60

To legitimize war, the act of killing is usually regarded as which of the following?

A) anything but murder
B) collateral damage
C) a necessary evil
D) a means of social control

Question 61

What is the military-industrial complex?

Question 62

Small arms tend to be owned by which of the following?

A) terrorists
B) civilians
C) the military
D) police

Question 63

Mutually assured destruction made the prospect of war which of the following?

A) inevitable
B) a win-win proposition
C) a lose-lose proposition
D) an incentive to produce more weapons than your rival

Question 64

What are constructivist explanations of conflict/hostility?

Question 65

In recent years, the United Nations has failed to reach agreement on which of the following?

A) universal commerce laws
B) the treatment of political prisoners
C) the membership of the security council
D) whether the Secretary General should be elected or appointed

Question 66

What has been a major criticism of the United Nations in recent years?

A) it is based in the United States
B) its troops come mainly from developing countries
C) it has become too interested in the financial working of countries
D) it has done nothing to stop the spectre of human trafficking

Question 67

Discuss the differences between a revolution and a civil war.

Question 68

Define "dual-use technologies."

Question 69

What are some of the modern examples of conflicts over natural resources? What are some of the natural resources that future wars might be fought over?

Question 70

According to Huntington, what will future wars be fought over?

A) cultural issues
B) resources
C) land
D) food

Question 71

The Nuclear Nonproliferation Treaty tried to accomplish which of the following?

A) stop the spread of nuclear weapons to formerly non-nuclear countries
B) supervise the dismantlement of existing nuclear warheads
C) allow for inspections of nuclear plants
D) supervise the disposal of nuclear waste

Question 72

What does the term posttraumatic stress disorder refer to?

Question 73

What has the role of women been in the Armed Forces in recent years?

Question 74

How many weapons have the U.S State Department's Office of Weapons Removal and Abatement destroyed since 2001?

A) 130 000
B) 1.3 million
C) 3.1 million
D) 13.1 million

Question 75

Which genocide did the United Nations fail to prevent?

A) Haiti
B) Nicaragua
C) Rwanda
D) North Vietnam

Question 76

Arbitrators try to do which of the following?

A) make a unilateral decision
B) make sure there is a winner and a loser
C) live in a different area from where they render their decisions
D) make a decision that the two conflicting parties can accept

Question 77

What is the relationship between war and social change?

Question 78

Mediation always includes which of the following?

A) violence
B) an arbitrator
C) a neutral third party
D) years of negotiations

Question 79

How many nuclear warheads did the United States have at the peak of its stockpile?

A) 320
B) 3200
C) 32 000
D) 320 000

Question 80

Good mediators always do which of the following?

A) impose solutions
B) take as much time as necessary before making their decision
C) do not impose solutions
D) make sure that one party is the clear winner