Deck 5: Population

Question 1

Which of the following is true of a population pyramid?

A) It shows a country's population by age and gender
B) It shows a country's population by sex and height
C) It shows a country's population by education and gender
D) It shows a country's population by education and income level
E) It shows a country's population by gender and income

Answer 1

A

Question 2

According to the textbook, if the demographic transition model were to have a fifth stage, which country would most likely be called a stage 5 country?

A) China
B) USA
C) Germany
D) Russia
E) Japan

Answer 2

E

Question 3

The ratio of the number of farmers to the amount of arable land is known as the ________ density.

A) physiological
B) scientific
C) arithmetic
D) agricultural
E) hypothetical

Answer 3

D

Question 4

Which of the following statements is false?

A) After hitting a peak around 1970, the world NIR has been declining steadily through the late twentieth century and the early twenty-first
B) Between 1980 and 2010, the CBR declined in most of Western Europe
C) In most countries, the decline in the NIR has occurred because of lower birth rates
D) Western Europe has always emphasized the availability of contraceptives rather than education and improved health care to bring down CBRs
E) Countries with high NIR rates tend to have lower literacy rates compared to those with low NIR

Question 5

The ________ is the number of people who are too young or too old to work, compared to the number of people in their productive years.

A) youth bulge
B) workforce
C) workforce load
D) dependency ratio
E) debt burden

Question 6

The infant mortality rate (IMR) is the annual number of ________.

A) deaths of infants under 5 years of age, compared with total live births
B) deaths of infants under 1 year of age, compared with total live births.
C) serious illnesses of infants under 1 year of age, compared with total live births.
D) serious illnesses of infants under 5 years of age, compared with total live births.
E) children under the age of 5 who die from teenage births

Question 7

A person born in Nigeria is expected to live a certain number of years based on current mortality levels in that country. This is referred to as:

A) life expectancy at birth
B) crude birth rate
C) mortality rate
D) fertility rate
E) none of the answer choices are correct.

Question 8

Which of the following has not been practiced in India in their attempt to reduce their population growth?

A) camps for voluntary sterilization
B) a national family planning program
C) free or subsidized distribution of birth control devices
D) legalized abortions
E) mass deportation of immigrants (both legal and ilegal)

Question 9

Which of the following is NOT one of the top four main population clusters in the world?

A) South Asia
B) East Asia
C) Southeast Asia
D) Western Europe
E) North America

Question 10

In population studies, the percentage by which a population grows in a year, excluding migration, is referred to as:

A) crude birth rate
B) growth rate
C) population doubling time
D) natural increase rate
E) total fertility rate

Question 11

Which of the following is NOT true of dry lands?

A) Deserts generally lack sufficient water to grow crops that could feed a large population
B) Dry lands are generally not suited for intensive agriculture but may contain useful natural resources
C) Areas too dry for farming cover about 20 per cent of the Earth's surface
D) Some animals are adapted to the dry conditions here
E) No agriculture can take place in dry lands

Question 12

Which of the following is NOT true of lands near the North and South poles?

A) they are perpetually covered with ice or the ground is permanently frozen
B) The polar regions are unsuitable for planting crops
C) few animals can survive the extreme cold
D) few human beings live there
E) there is not enough light to make survival possible

Question 13

Which of the following countries is considered to be in stage 4 of the demographic transition?

A) Argentina
B) India
C) Denmark
D) Ghana
E) Cape Verde

Question 14

Geographers often use this type of density to compare conditions in different countries.

A) physiological
B) scientific
C) arithmetic
D) agricultural
E) hypothetical

Question 15

Which of the following is true of infant mortality rates (IMRs) around the world?

A) In general, IMRs are highest in countries with poor health care systems
B) In general IMR are highest in countries with better health care systems
C) The quality and availability of doctors has no bearing on a country's IMR
D) There is no discernible difference in IMRs between the entire population and minorities in the US
E) IMRs have not been measured in any country outside North America with any accuracy

Question 16

Which of the following regions has the highest infant mortality rates (IMRs)?

A) South Asia
B) East Asia
C) Sub-Saharan Africa
D) Central America
E) South America

Question 17

The current population of the Earth is about ________.

A) 2 billion
B) 5 billion
C) 7 billion
D) 9 billion
E) 500,000

Question 18

What percentage of the world's population lives in East Asia?

A) one-tenth
B) one-eighth
C) one-sixth
D) one-fifth
E) one-third

Question 19

Which of the following is a possible reason for a decline in birth rates?

A) improved education
B) improved health care
C) access to birth control
D) gender equality
E) all of the above

Question 20

A ________ is a bar graph that displays a country's population by age and gender.

A) population pyramid
B) population graph
C) demographic transition
D) demographic graph
E) population ratio

Question 21

Which of the following economists was the first to argue that the world's rate of population increase was far outrunning the development of food supplies?

A) Paul Krugman
B) Karl Marx
C) Adam Smith
D) Thomas Malthus
E) John Maynard Keynes

Question 22

Medical researchers have identified a/an ________ that focuses on distinctive causes of death in each stage of the demographic transition.

A) epidemiological transition
B) demographic transition
C) disease tracking
D) large scale disease diffusion
E) none of the above

Question 23

Which of the following countries has the one-child policy at the core of its family planning program?

A) China
B) India
C) Russia
D) Sweden
E) Italy

Question 24

Physiological density and agricultural density show spatial relationships between people and resources.

Question 25

Two out of every three people on Earth live within the top four world population clusters.

Question 26

The term that describes when an area's population exceeds the capacity of the environment to support it at an acceptable standard of living is ecosystem toxification.

Question 27

A third of the word's population lives in East Asia.

Question 28

Which of the following is NOT true of the epidemiologic transition?

A) In Stage 1, infectious and parasitic diseases were the principal causes of human deaths, along with accidents and attacks by animals and other humans
B) Stage 2 of the epidemiologic transition is known as the stage of receding pandemics
C) Stage 3 is characterized by an increase in deaths from infectious diseases and an increase in chronic disorders associated with aging
D) In stage 4, society experiences delayed degenerative diseases.
E) In stage 4, the major degenerative causes of death are cardiovascular diseases and cancers, although the life expectancy of older people is extended through medical advances

Question 29

Excessive rain and heat deplete nutrients from the soil, thus hindering agriculture.

Question 30

The current world population is estimated at about 9 billion.

Question 31

Generally, higher education and better health care systems lead to lower crude death rates.

Question 32

Which of the following is believed to have been the world's most violent stage 1 epidemic?

A) HIV/AIDS
B) The Black Plague
C) Malaria
D) Tuberculosis
E) Mad cow disease

Question 33

The natural increase rate (NIR) is the total number of live births in a year for every 1,000 people alive in the society.

Question 34

In 1854, Dr. John Snow drew a map showing the distribution of cholera in Soho, London. Which of the following is NOT true of the 1854 outbreak?

A) Before Dr. Snow's geographic analysis, many believed that the epidemic victims were being punished for sinful behavior
B) Dr. Snow was a physician, not a geographer
C) Dr. Snow overlaid the map of Soho, London with maps of addresses of cholera victims and locations of water pumps
D) Most of the victims of the outbreak were rich Londoners in the swanky Soho district
E) Dr. Snow traced the outbreak to consumption of contaminated water from wells

Question 35

With one-tenth of the world's population, sub-Saharan Africa had ________ of the world's total HIV positive population and nine-tenths of the world's infected children.

A) one-fifth
B) a quarter
C) half
D) two-thirds
E) three-quarters

Question 36

Which of the following is believed to be the reason for the emergence of a stage 5 in the epidemiologic transition?

A) A reemergence of infectious and parasitic diseases
B) CDR rises because more of the population is elderly
C) Rich countries will be more generous to poor countries
D) International organizations will become too powerful to control
E) Emerging countries will take over the control of world resources and keep it all to themselves

Question 37

The number of people supported by a unit area of arable land is called the physiological density.

Question 38

In Egypt, the large difference between the physiological density and arithmetic density indicates that most of the country's land is suitable for intensive agriculture.

Question 39

The most lethal epidemic in recent years has been:

A) AIDS
B) Malaria
C) Syphilis
D) The Black Plague
E) Mad cow disease

Question 40

North America is one of the top four global population clusters.

Question 41

Briefly discuss the major global population clusters.

Question 42

The Epidemiologic Transition Model is identical to the Demographic Transition Model.

Question 43

The origins of GIS is generally traced to Dr. Snow in 1854, who overlaid three different maps to identify the source of the cholera outbreak in London.

Question 44

The United States, Sweden and Australia all have about the same life expectancy at birth.

Question 45

Two strategies have been successful in reducing birth rates. One alternative emphasizes reliance on education and health care, the other on distribution of contraceptives.

Question 46

In the last 60 years, food production has increased more rapidly than Malthus would have predicted.

Question 47

The total fertility rate (TFR) is the average number of children a woman will have throughout her childbearing years.

Question 48

Currently, every country in the world is in the first 3 stages of the demographic transition model.

Question 49

India has begun several programs of forced sterilization as a means of population control.

Question 50

What is population density and what are the different ways it can be measured?

Question 51

Dr . Snow was able to show that there was a connection between income levels and belief in witches as the cause of the 1854 cholera outbreak in London.

Question 52

In 1798, Malthus claimed that the population was growing much more rapidly than Earth's food supply because population increased geometrically, whereas food supply increased arithmetically.

Question 53

Tuberculosis (TB) is an example of an infectious disease that has been largely controlled in developed countries like the United States but remains a major cause of death in developing countries.

Question 54

On average, South Asia has the highest total fertility rates in the world.

Question 55

According to the UN, if the current TFR of 2.5 remains unchanged, world population would reach 16 billion in 2050.

Question 56

Natural increase rate is the number of years needed to double a population, assuming a constant rate of natural increase.

Question 57

Though NIR is forecasted to be much slower in the twenty-first century than in the twentieth, world population will continue to grow.

Question 58

Whereas Chile is in stage 2 of the demographic transition, Cape Verde and Denmark are both in the third stage.

Question 59

China, Australia and Brazil are some of the countries with the highest use of family planning.

Question 60

In societies where women receive less formal education and hold fewer legal rights than do men, they are generally expected to have a large number of children, and men regard it as a sign of their own virility.

Question 61

Describe some of the strategies adopted in reducing high birth rates around the world.

Question 62

What is a population pyramid?

Question 63

How does Natural Increase Rate differ from Crude Birth Rate and Total Fertility Rate?

Question 64

What is Crude Death Rate? Give an example of how to calculate the CDR.

Question 65

Briefly list and describe the stages of the demographic transition model.

Question 66

Briefly compare the population policies of China and India.

Question 67

Briefly discuss Malthus's predictions of population and resources and some of its criticisms.