Deck 6: Migration

Question 1

Scientists generally agree that our early (hominid) ancestors evolved from an area in ________.

A) Central East Africa
B) Central West Africa
C) Centra Europe
D) Tigris and Euphrates Rivers
E) Nile Valley

Answer 1

A

Question 2

Although European countries today largely discourage immigration, the region attracts immigrants from:

A) Russia
B) South America
C) India
D) Africa and the Middle East
E) China

Answer 2

D

Question 3

About ________ people cross the border at the San Ysidro, California border each year.

A) 100 million
B) 50 million
C) 25 million
D) 10 million
E) 5 million

Answer 3

B

Question 4

Which of the following is defined as: a person who has a "well-founded fear of being persecuted for reasons of race, religion, nationality,membership of a particular social group or political opinion, [who] is outside the country of his nationality and is unable or, owing to such fear, is unwilling to avail himself of the protection of that country"?

A) an economic immigrant
B) a political immigrant
C) a refugee
D) opportunistic migrants
E) transient migrants

Question 5

After slavery was abolished, rather than pay higher wages to freedmen (former slaves), wealthy landowners and investors claimed that their "labor shortage" could be solved by bringing in destitute and hungry ________.

A) Chinese
B) Europeans
C) Japanese
D) Americans
E) Mexicans

Question 6

________ migration occurs when people must migrate or suffer terrible consequences.

A) Forced
B) Political
C) Economic
D) Environmental
E) Push

Question 7

In Paris, and other similar cities in France, ________ do a large share of the menial labor.

A) Chinese
B) North Africans
C) Russians
D) West Africans
E) Portuguese

Question 8

________ diffusion involves the relocation of people themselves from one place to another.

A) Contagious
B) Demic
C) Normal
D) Preliminary
E) Critical

Question 9

International migration has increased considerably in recent decades as:

A) environmental issues dominate the news
B) economic disparities grow narrow between wealthy and poor regions
C) economic disparities grow between wealthy and poor regions
D) political unrest increases in Africa
E) globalization brings television to people's homes in China and India

Question 10

The primary set of push and pull factors shaping global migration are ________.

A) economic
B) political
C) social
D) military
E) psychological

Question 11

Which of the following was not one of the primary countries to establish colonies around the world?

A) Spain
B) Portugal
C) Britain
D) France
E) United States of America

Question 12

Which of the following is not primary evidence of human diffusion?

A) The archaeological record
B) The examination of skeletal remains
C) Signs of early human presence
D) Similarities in the faces of people thousands of miles apart

Question 13

Between the 17th and 19th centuries, about ________ million Africans were taken to the new world.

A) 30
B) 14.5
C) 3
D) 50.5
E) 7.5

Question 14

According to the textbook, humans have always migrated, beginning about ________ years ago

A) 500,000
B) 200,000
C) 100,000
D) 60,000
E) 30,000

Question 15

During the 19th century, the largest migration stream was that between ________.

A) Northwestern Europe and the United States
B) Africa and Europe
C) Asia and Europe
D) Russia and Europe
E) Mexico/South America and the United States

Question 16

About ________ people migrated from Europe to the United States between 1821 and 1920.

A) 55 million
B) 33 million
C) 18 million
D) 21 million
E) 15 million

Question 17

Most international migrants are:

A) political refugees
B) workers looking for jobs
C) driven away by environmental devastation
D) fleeing from war
E) none of the above

Question 18

The political causes of forced migration are typically ________.

A) armed conflict or discrimination
B) rigged elections
C) one party rule and a strong leader
D) famine and deforestation
E) mutual distrust by rival clans

Question 19

The nineteenth century geographer E.G. Ravenstein noted that most migration involves ________.

A) short-distance relocations between neighboring countries
B) short-distance relocations within countries
C) long-term relocation between neighboring countries
D) long-term relocations within countries
E) long-distance relocations within countries

Question 20

It is believed that European settlers to the Americas brought diseases new to the native population, which decimated their number by as much as ________ percent.

A) 90
B) 99.5
C) 70
D) 5
E) 40

Question 21

Migration has never been a constant part of human history.

Question 22

The Pew Hispanic Center estimated that there were ________ unauthorized immigrants living in the United States in 2010.

A) 22 million
B) 15.7 million
C) 11.2 million
D) 7.8 million
E) 3.8 million

Question 23

The ability for households to move within a country is defined as ________.

A) residential mobility
B) internal mobility
C) internal migration
D) intra-country migration
E) relocation migration

Question 24

It is estimated that about five percent of the civilian workforce, or ________, are undocumented immigrants employed in the United States

A) 10 million
B) 8 million
C) 5 million
D) 3 million
E) 2 million

Question 25

There are an estimated 15 million refugees in ________ today.

A) the United States
B) North America
C) Africa
D) the world
E) South America

Question 26

Migration from rural to urban areas began in the 1800s in Europe and North America as part of the ________.

A) Civil war
B) Industrial Revolution
C) Deforestation
D) Agricultural Revolution
E) None of these answer choices are correct.

Question 27

Most countries adopt a/an ________ immigration policy that excludes unwanted migrants and includes more desired ones.

A) selective
B) discriminative
C) inclusive
D) bifocated
E) stepped

Question 28

It is estimated that about ________ undocumented immigrants entered the United States in 2009, most along the nearly 2,000 mile-long U.S.-Mexican border guarded by about 17,000 federal agents.

A) 1 million
B) 600,000
C) 300,000
D) 220,000
E) 150,000

Question 29

Today, there are more than ________ million internally displaced persons (IDPs) in the world.

A) 100
B) 50
C) 27
D) 18
E) 8

Question 30

By some accounts, tourism is the world's largest industry, with international tourist receipts totaling ________ in 2010.

A) 300 billion
B) 604 billion
C) 919 billion
D) 1.1 trillion
E) 2.1 trillion

Question 31

Most of the immigrants to the United States in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries came from

A) the United Kingdom and Holland
B) the United Kingdom and Africa
C) Germany and Norway
D) Germany and the United Kingdom
E) Russia and Germany

Question 32

Which of the following is not one of the reasons that some governments feel the need to control illegal immigration?

A) Concern that migrants will themselves become a burden on public resources
B) Concern that migrants will take away jobs from residents
C) Concern that migrants would bring unwanted cultural change
D) Concern that some migrants will be a security threat
E) Concern that migrants will bring disease and infect resident population

Question 33

________ is the relative long-distance movement from one region of a country to another.

A) Interregional migration
B) Intraregional migration
C) Forced migration
D) Regional mobility
E) International mobility

Question 34

The number of international tourists has ________ during the last two decades.

A) remained the same
B) shrunk
C) more than doubled
D) more than quadrupled
E) increased ten-fold

Question 35

Movement constrained to within the same region is defined as ________.

A) Interregional migration
B) Intraregional migration
C) Forced migration
D) Regional mobility
E) International mobility

Question 36

About half of the world's international tourists choose ________ as their destination.

A) Canada
B) China
C) Europe
D) The Middle East
E) Japan

Question 37

________ immigration policies recognize that most immigration benefits the host economy and that immigrants contribute as much as regular citizens by paying taxes, observing the law, and even serving in the militaries of their new country.

A) Inclusionary
B) Exclusionary
C) Diffusionary
D) Undocumented
E) Contemplative

Question 38

Which two U.S. states have the largest number of undocumented immigrants?

A) California and Arizona
B) California and Nevada
C) California and Texas
D) Texas and New Mexico
E) Texas and Arizona

Question 39

The two leading sources of immigrants since the late twentieth century to the United States have been:

A) Latin America and Asia
B) Latin America and Africa
C) Africa and Europe
D) Germany and Asia
E) Asia and United Kingdom

Question 40

Those who are seeking to indefinitely or permanently immigrate must obtain a visa that will allow them to eventually ________, or to become a legal permanent citizen of the host country.

A) migrate
B) naturalize
C) relocate
D) win the green card lottery
E) leave

Question 41

During the modern period, Spain, Portugal, Britain, France, and the Netherlands were the primary countries to establish colonies around the world.

Question 42

Demic diffusion involves the relocation of people themselves from one place to another.

Question 43

By some measures, nearly 50 percent of the population in the United States and other developed countries now live in urban areas.

Question 44

Today most interregional migration in developed countries is from cities out to suburbs.

Question 45

The primary set of push and pull factors shaping global migration are political.

Question 46

The modern era, roughly the last 1000 years, is characterized by the movement of small numbers of peoples over much longer distances than ever before.

Question 47

Germany, France, Italy, and other western European countries encouraged guestworkers to immigrate and work in factories, helping to rebuild war-torn economies in western Europe.

Question 48

In times of economic strength in most countries, tourism is one of the fastest-growing sectors of the economy.

Question 49

Internal migrations from part of a country to another are the most common form of permanent migration.

Question 50

Today, there are more than 27 million internally displaced persons (IDPs) in the world.

Question 51

The number of international tourists has more than doubled during the last two decades.

Question 52

Brain drain is the loss of highly skilled professionals from rich countries to poor countries.

Question 53

The United States and Canada have been especially prominent destinations for economic migrants.

Question 54

The forced migration of enslaved persons, primarily from western and central Africa, to the western hemisphere, began with the earliest colonies in America.

Question 55

Movement constrained to within the same region is termed interregional migration.

Question 56

International migration has decreased considerably in recent decades as economic disparities lessen between wealthy and poor regions.

Question 57

Detainee migration occurs when people must migrate or suffer terrible consequences.

Question 58

E.G. Ravenstein considered it a "law of migration" that longer distance migrations would gravitate away from centers of economic strength.

Question 59

Recent advances in the recovery and analysis of human genetics has begun to fill in the map of early
human migration.

Question 60

One of the largest countries in Africa, Morocco's unstable environmental and political conditions have driven millions from their homes.

Question 61

In the United States, California and Texas have the largest number of undocumented immigrants.

Question 62

The United States does not use immigration caps to limit the number of persons coming from different countries.

Question 63

Compare inclusionary to exclusionary immigration policies.

Question 64

Explain the political causes of forced migration in recent years.

Question 65

Europeans comprised more than 90 percent of immigrants to the United States during the nineteenth century, and even as recently as the early 1960s, still accounted for more than 50 percent.

Question 66

How is interregional migration different from intraregional migration?

Question 67

Briefly discuss global migration trends in recent decades.

Question 68

Briefly discuss rural-urban migration and the recent trends of suburbanization.

Question 69

Briefly discuss international labor migration to Europe since the mid 20th century.

Question 70

Temporary migrants include tourists, commuters (who live outside the country but work within it), and those passing through the country.

Question 71

Briefly examine the role of tourism in the global economy.

Question 72

Briefly discuss the problem of undocumented immigration to the United States.

Question 73

The United States has constructed a barrier covering approximately 90 percent of the border with Mexico.

Question 74

Most countries adopt a selective immigration policy that excludes unwanted migrants and includes more desired ones.

Question 75

One way of imposing a inclusionary policy is through government issued visas that require a migrant to gain permission to enter a country before arriving there.

Question 76

Economically advanced countries, especially the United States, have record low numbers of people trying to enter to find work.

Question 77

Briefly explain modern trends in mass migration.

Question 78

What are selective immigration policies?

Question 79

The two main sources of early immigrants to the American colonies and the newly independent United States were the United Kingdom and Africa.