Deck 33: Skin and Soft Tissue Infections

Question 1

What organism, which usually causes respiratory infections, causes maculopapular and vesicular rashes, urticaria, and immunologically mediated erythema nodosum and erythema multiform?

A)Streptococcus pneumoniae
B)Klebsiella pneumoniae
C)Mycoplasma pneumoniae
D)Haemophilus influenzae

Answer 1

C
Although a primary pathogen of the respiratory tract, Mycoplasma can cause a variety of dermatologic findings including maculopapular and vesicular rashes, urticaria, and the hypersensitivity reactions erythema nodosum and erythema multiforme (EM), including EM major (Stevens-Johnson syndrome).

Question 2

What is the most common bacterium found on the skin?

A)Coagulase-negative staphylococci
B)Coagulase-negative streptococci
C)Escherichia coli
D)Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Answer 2

A
Usual flora of the skin consists of those microbes able to adapt to the high salt concentration and drying effects of the skin.Important microflora includes gram-positive cocci, such as staphylococci and streptococci.Coagulase-negative staphylococci, such as Staphylococcus epidermidis, are permanent skin residents; coagulase-positive Staphylococcus aureus is a transient colonizer.

Question 3

What condition causes the nail margin to become painful, red, warm, and swollen with pus?

A)Furuncle
B)Carbuncle
C)Erysipelas
D)Paronychia

Answer 3

D
Paronychia is an infection of the cuticle surrounding the nail bed.Cases generally follow minor trauma, such as removing a hangnail.The involved part of the finger at the nail margin becomes painful, red, warm, and swollen, and pus may be expressed from around the nail bed.

Question 4

What organism is known to cause severe necrotic cellulitis and primary sepsis?

A)Vibrio vulnificus
B)V.parahaemolyticus
C)Campylobacter spp.
D)Staphylococcus aureus

Question 5

What happens in the late stages of toxic shock syndrome as a result of the production of TSST-1?

A)Bruising
B)Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC)
C)Desquamation
D)Bacteremia

Question 6

What causes scarlet fever?

A)S.aureus
B)Endotoxin
C)Proteases
D)Erythrogenic toxin

Question 7

Which of these is an abscess that extends more deeply into the subcutaneous fat and may have multiple draining sites?

A)Furuncle
B)Carbuncle
C)Folliculitis
D)Impetigo

Question 8

Which of the following organisms are responsible for impetigo?

A)Staphylococcus epidermidis
B)Streptococcus pyogenes
C)Enterococcus faecalis
D)Streptococcus agalactiae

Question 9

What organism causes the Buruli ulcer?

A)Streptococcus agalactiae
B)Mycobacterium ulcerans
C)Corynebacterium jejuni
D)Mycobacterium leprae

Question 10

What condition presents as a localized area of mildly painful erythema, warmth, and swelling of the skin with poorly demarcated margins?

A)Impetigo
B)Carbuncles
C)Furuncles
D)Cellulitis

Question 11

What is a circumscribed, hyperkeratotic, rough-textured, painless papule called?

A)Skin tick
B)Mole
C)Freckle
D)Wart

Question 12

What is erysipelas?

A)Inflammation of hair follicle
B)A deep form of cellulitis
C)A synonym for furuncle
D)A synonym for carbuncle

Question 13

What is a form of folliculitis in bearded men?

A)Sycosis barbae
B)Furuncle
C)Carbuncle
D)Impetigo

Question 14

What organism produces "rat bite fever?"

A)Streptobacillus moniliformis
B)Staphylococcus aureus
C)Borrelia burgdorferi
D)Chlamydia trachomatis

Question 15

What is the most sensitive method of diagnosing cutaneous infections?

A)Culture
B)Enzyme immunoassay (EIA)
C)Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)
D)DNA probe

Question 16

Besides antimicrobial therapy, how are most carbuncles treated?

A)Teabags to draw the poison out
B)Moist heat, then cold compresses
C)Surgical drainage
D)Squeezing to express the pus and necrotic tissues

Question 17

Purpura fulminans, a skin manifestation of DIC, is associated with which condition?

A)Hepatitis
B)Meningococcemia
C)Encephalitis
D)Salmonella

Question 18

The clinical syndrome of Rocky Mountain spotted fever (RMSF) can be confused with which of the following conditions?

A)Lyme disease
B)Atypical measles
C)Smallpox
D)Allergic reactions

Question 19

What is the most infamous type of myonecrosis?

A)Tetanus
B)Flesh-eating Streptococcus
C)Gas gangrene
D)Ebola hemorrhage

Question 20

A group of swim team members breaks out in a rash (folliculitis) the day after swimming at the pool.What organism is probably responsible for this outbreak?

A)Staphylococcus aureus
B)Enterococcus
C)Escherichia coli
D)Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Question 21

What is swimmer's itch?

A)When cercariae larvae penetrate human skin, causing dermatitis
B)When arthropods deposit larvae in human skin, causing dermatitis
C)When food or water causes dermatitis
D)When Pseudomonas spp.causes dermatitis

Question 22

What is ringworm?

A)A parasitic skin infection
B)A bacterial skin infection
C)A fungal skin infection
D)A viral skin infection

Question 23

What is herpetic whitlow?

A)Primary herpetic lesions of the genitals
B)Primary herpetic lesions of the finger
C)Primary herpetic lesions of the anus
D)Primary herpetic lesions of the lip

Question 24

A presentation of cutaneous HSV is herpetic whitlow, or primary herpetic lesions of the finger (Figure 33-22).This can be caused by either HSV-1 or HSV-2.Usually a single digit is involved, with the appearance of one or more deep vesicles that may coalesce.
What causes rubeola?

A)Calicivirus
B)Herpesvirus
C)Paramyxovirus
D)Torovirus

Question 25

All of the following viruses cause a characteristic viral syndrome, which includes severe bleeding manifestations except:

A)Ebola.
B)rabies.
C)Junin.
D)Marburg.

Question 26

What disease results from a reactivation of the varicella-zoster virus that demonstrates a vesicular eruption in a unilateral dermatomal distribution?

A)Shingles
B)Chicken pox
C)Infectious mononucleosis
D)Rubella

Question 27

What causes rubella?

A)Calicivirus
B)Herpesvirus
C)Paramyxovirus
D)Togaviridae

Question 28

What is thrush?

A)Tinea unguium
B)Tinea corporis
C)Dermatophytosis
D)Oral candidiasis

Question 29

What causes erythema infectiosum?

A)Parvovirus
B)Herpesvirus
C)Paramyxovirus
D)Togaviridae

Question 30

What is river blindness?

A)Infection with Naegleria fowleri
B)Infection with Onchocerca volvulus
C)Infection with Strongyloides stercoralis
D)Infection with Entamoeba histolytica