Deck 14: The Juvenile Offender

Question 1

Since 1999, the number of juvenile offenders in custody is:

A)increasing
B)decreasing
C)staying the same
D)none of these choices

Answer 1

B

Question 2

A juvenile who runs away from home is an example of what type of offender?

A)Status offender
B)Chronic runaway
C)Criminal
D)None of these choices

Answer 2

A

Question 3

The primary form of community treatment used by the juvenile justice system is:

A)incarceration
B)probation
C)house arrest
D)none of these choices

Answer 3

B

Question 4

When was the juvenile justice system established?

A)25 years ago
B)50 years ago
C)75 years ago
D)100 years ago

Question 5

Approximately how many juveniles are placed on formal probation each year in the United States?

A)10,000
B)100,000
C)400,000
D)1,000,000

Question 6

Why do some states incarcerate juveniles at a much higher rate than others?

A)they have high rates of juvenile property crime and adult violent crime
B)they have higher adult custody rates
C)there is a cultural acceptance of punitive policies
D)all of these

Question 7

Programs that allow youthful offenders to live at home while receiving services in the community are known as:

A)group homes
B)wilderness programs
C)nonresidential programs
D)boot camps

Question 8

In the 1800's, what types of facilities were created to teach juvenile offenders traditional values?

A)Juvenile detention centers and jails
B)Asylums and training schools
C)All of these choices
D)None of these choices

Question 9

What is one difference between the juvenile and adult system?

A)Police officers use discretion only with juveniles
B)Only adults receive their Miranda Rights
C)Plea bargaining is used only with adults
D)Only juveniles can be arrested for status offenses

Question 10

What type of treatment facilities restricts the movement of residents through staff monitoring, locked exits, and interior fence controls?

A)Institutional treatment facilities
B)Outpatient treatment facilities
C)Community treatment facilities
D)None of these choices

Question 11

Adult probation officers are different than juvenile probation officers in that they:

A)they are more focused on treatment.
B)they maintain contact with the families.
C)they provide specialized services.
D)they emphasize more public safety and surveillance.

Question 12

A medieval English doctrine that sanctioned the right of the Crown to intervene in natural family relations whenever a child's welfare was threatened is known as:

A)power to the parents
B)child savers
C)parens patriae
D)delinquents

Question 13

The key provisions of the Illinois Juvenile Court Act of 1899 provided:

A)a separate court for delinquent and neglected children
B)separate institutions for adults and juveniles
C)probation programs for juveniles
D)all of these choices

Question 14

The Illinois Juvenile Court Act of 1899 established:

A)the nation's first independent juvenile court
B)the death penalty for juveniles
C)parental support groups
D)none of these choices

Question 15

The majority of incarcerated youths are charged with:

A)person, property, or drug offenses
B)murder
C)truancy
D)none of these choices

Question 16

An underage minor who engages in antisocial activities that are defined as criminal behavior by the state's legal code are known as:

A)status offenders
B)juvenile delinquents
C)convicts
D)bad kids

Question 17

Community treatment refers to efforts to provide ________________for juveniles in need.

A)care
B)protection
C)treatment
D)all of these

Question 18

Programs conducted for the rehabilitation of youthful offenders within community-based and institutional settings are known as:

A)group homes
B)wilderness programs
C)residential programs
D)boot camps

Question 19

The primary responsibility of the juvenile justice system is to:

A)deal with minors who violate the criminal law
B)provide parenting classes to parents of juvenile offenders
C)let juveniles off easy
D)none of these choices

Question 20

Non-secure residences that provide counseling, education, job training and family living are known as:

A)group homes
B)wilderness programs
C)residential programs
D)boot camps

Question 21

Juvenile probation:

A)can only last a maximum of one year
B)is often ordered for an indefinite amount of time
C)can only last 6 months
D)can extend past the age of majority

Question 22

Both the juvenile and adult systems deal with:

A)excessive caseloads
B)institutional overcrowding
C)staff burnout
D)all of these choices

Question 23

What dispositions are available to juveniles who are transferred to adult court?

A)cases can be dismissed
B)offenders can be placed on probation
C)offenders can be placed in adult correctional facilities
D)all of these

Question 24

Jessica is 15 years old. She is always fighting with her parents over her behavior and her choice of friends. She is failing all her classes because she continually skips school. She has also run away from her house 3 separate times. Her parents do not know what to do with her as they unable to manage her behavior and she was recently brought into custody for stealing a car.
Which of Jessica's behavior is considered a delinquent act?

A)stealing a car
B)skipping school
C)running away
D)talking back to her parents

Question 25

Similarities between the adult and juvenile system include:

A)the option to plea bargain
B)parental involvement
C)sealed records
D)all of these choices

Question 26

Jessica is 15 years old. She is always fighting with her parents over her behavior and her choice of friends. She is failing all her classes because she continually skips school. She has also run away from her house 3 separate times. Her parents do not know what to do with her as they unable to manage her behavior and she was recently brought into custody for stealing a car.
Since this is Jessica's first criminal offense, the judge decides to keep her in the community in her parent's home under the supervision of an officer of the court. Jessica has been sentenced to:

A)parole
B)probation
C)a residential program
D)group home

Question 27

Approximately how many juveniles are committed to state adult prison systems?

A)100
B)4000
C)10000
D)40000

Question 28

Probation and other forms of treatment for juvenile offenders emphasize:

A)incarceration without treatment
B)treatment without incarceration
C)treatment and incarceration
D)none of these choices

Question 29

What is the age where most states will transfer juveniles to adult court?

A)13
B)14
C)15
D)16

Question 30

What is the most widely used transfer mechanism when sending juveniles to adult court?

A)judicial waiver
B)prosecutorial waiver
C)statutorial exclusion
D)public defender request

Question 31

Residential programs for juveniles consist of:

A)family group homes
B)boot camps
C)wilderness programs
D)all of these

Question 32

Which case decided that a juvenile who commits a non-homicide crime cannot be sentenced to life in prison without the possibility of parole?

A)Graham v. Florida
B)Furman v. Georgia
C)Gregg v. Georgia
D)Roper v. Simmons

Question 33

Jessica is 15 years old. She is always fighting with her parents over her behavior and her choice of friends. She is failing all her classes because she continually skips school. She has also run away from her house 3 separate times. Her parents do not know what to do with her as they unable to manage her behavior and she was recently brought into custody for stealing a car.
The juvenile court judge determines that Jessica is guilty of the offense she is charged with. The next step is to determine what her sentence will be. This will take place at the:

A)adjudicatory hearing
B)detention hearing
C)dispositional hearing
D)intake hearing

Question 34

Jessica is 15 years old. She is always fighting with her parents over her behavior and her choice of friends. She is failing all her classes because she continually skips school. She has also run away from her house 3 separate times. Her parents do not know what to do with her as they unable to manage her behavior and she was recently brought into custody for stealing a car.
Which of the following of Jessica's behavior is considered a status offense?

A)truancy
B)running away
C)unmanageable
D)all of these

Question 35

Which type of waiver to adult court automatically transfers perpetrators to adult court?

A)judicial waiver
B)prosecutorial waiver
C)statutorial exclusion
D)public defender request

Question 36

Every state maintains an independent juvenile system that is based on:

A)a policy of treatment
B)rehabilitation
C)care for needy children
D)all of these choices

Question 37

According to the text, programs that attempt to improve the self-confidence of youth are called:

A)group homes
B)family group homes
C)boot camps
D)wilderness programs

Question 38

Jessica is 15 years old. She is always fighting with her parents over her behavior and her choice of friends. She is failing all her classes because she continually skips school. She has also run away from her house 3 separate times. Her parents do not know what to do with her as they unable to manage her behavior and she was recently brought into custody for stealing a car.
Jessica was charged with motor vehicle theft. Her attorney informs her that there will be a trial. In juvenile court this trial is known as a/an:

A)adjudicatory hearing
B)detention hearing
C)dispositional hearing
D)intake hearing

Question 39

Females in juvenile institutions are:

A) fewer than males
B) more likely to be incarcerated for status offenses
C) incarcerated for longer terms than males
D) all of these

Question 40

What is the equivalent of parole in the adult criminal justice system?

A)aftercare
B)boot camp
C)probation
D)wilderness program

Question 41

Minority youths accused of delinquent acts are less likely than white youths to be diverted from the court system into informal sanctions.

Question 42

Edward is 16 years old. He was sentenced to a juvenile facility for possession of marijuana and for armed robbery. He is a habitual offender who previously violated his probation and was thrown out of his residential program.
After he completes his time in the residential facility Edward is supervised so that he can make an adjustment to community living. This supervision is known as:

A)aftercare
B)boot camp
C)probation
D)wilderness program

Question 43

The juvenile and the adult court use proof beyond a reasonable doubt as the standard for evidence.

Question 44

More juveniles are placed on probation each year than sent to an institution.

Question 45

Only adults receive Miranda and other constitutional rights at time of arrest.

Question 46

Murder is an example of a status offense.

Question 47

Treatment provided to juveniles in the public versus an institutional context is called community treatment.

Question 48

Aftercare is not important in the juvenile justice process because most juveniles age of custody.

Question 49

Research shows that public opinion on community corrections for juveniles remains positive.

Question 50

Edward is 16 years old. He was sentenced to a juvenile facility for possession of marijuana and for armed robbery. He is a habitual offender who previously violated his probation and was thrown out of his residential program.
Edward is found guilty in adult court. The judge can sentence Edward to:

A)probation
B)a fine
C)adult prison
D)all of these

Question 51

The intent of boot camps is to improve youths' self-confidence and sense of self-reliance.

Question 52

Police officers are only allowed to use discretion with adult offenders.

Question 53

Age determines the jurisdiction of the juvenile court, but age does not affect the jurisdiction of the adult court.

Question 54

The juvenile justice system was established over 100 years ago to provide for the care of law-violating youth.

Question 55

Edward is 16 years old. He was sentenced to a juvenile facility for possession of marijuana and for armed robbery. He is a habitual offender who previously violated his probation and was thrown out of his residential program.
Edward's previous residential program was a non-secure residence that provided counseling, education, job training and family living. He was living with the Scott family when he was rearrested for these new charges. The Scott's told him he could not return to their home. What type of residential program was Edward in?

A)group home
B)family group home
C)boot camp
D)wilderness program

Question 56

Edward is 16 years old. He was sentenced to a juvenile facility for possession of marijuana and for armed robbery. He is a habitual offender who previously violated his probation and was thrown out of his residential program.
Shortly after his release from the residential facility, Edward is arrested for an armed robbery. This time he caused injury to his victim. Though he is still 16, the prosecutor believes that Edward poses a threat to the community. Edward's public defender believes he should still be under the jurisdiction of the juvenile courts. In the state that Edward resides an armed robbery is automatically transferrable to the adult court. This type of transfer is referred to as a/an:

A)judicial waiver
B)prosecutorial waiver
C)statutorial exclusion
D)public defender request

Question 57

Juvenile court proceedings are open to the public.

Question 58

Juveniles and adults can be placed in pretrial facilities.

Question 59

Plea bargaining may only be used with adult offenders.

Question 60

Edward is 16 years old. He was sentenced to a juvenile facility for possession of marijuana and for armed robbery. He is a habitual offender who previously violated his probation and was thrown out of his residential program.
The judge decides to sentence Edward to the juvenile facility to the average stay for most juveniles. How long should Edward expect to reside in the residential facility?

A)1 to 2 months
B)3 to 4 months
C)1 to 2 years
D)3 to 5 years

Question 61

Juvenile records are generally ____________________ when the age of majority is reached.

Question 62

The supervision of juveniles who are released from correctional institutions so that they can make an optimal adjustment to community living is called ____________________.

Question 63

What are the conditions that allow a juvenile to transfer into the adult court system?

Question 64

Instead of being arrested juveniles are taken into ___________________.

Question 65

In _______________________ the Supreme Court granted juveniles due process rights, including an attorney.

Question 66

A ___________________________is when the juvenile court makes the decision to transfer a juvenile to the adult court.

Question 67

Programs for youthful offenders that usually do not confine them overnight are called ____________________.

Question 68

Explain the history of the juvenile justice system.

Question 69

Discuss what aftercare consists of in the juvenile justice system.

Question 70

____________________ combine the elements of foster care and group home placements.

Question 71

In juvenile proceedings the sentencing hearing is referred to as a/an _____________________.

Question 72

Because of concern over violent juvenile offenders and the threat they pose to the community, state legislatures have passed laws permitting juveniles to be ____________to adult court.

Question 73

Describe the significance of probation in relation to juveniles.

Question 74

Youth who are incorrigible, truants, and runaways are called ____________________.

Question 75

How do community treatment and institutional treatment differ for juveniles?

Question 76

In ____________________________the court held that the use of isolation, hand restraints, and tranquilizing drugs violated many constitutional rights of juveniles.

Question 77

__________________is the primary form of community treatment.

Question 78

Group homes, family group homes, wilderness programs and boot camps are all examples of ____________________.

Question 79

The primary goal of placing juveniles in institutions is to help them reenter the ____________________ successfully.

Question 80

The concept of ______________________is the intervention in the lives of families and children in order to protect their general welfare.