Deck 6: The Police: Organization, Role, and Function

Question 1

Which of the following is false regarding beliefs underlying community policing

A)Patrol by car is an essential tool of community policing.
B)Officers should return to a style of policing that involves contact with the people theyserve.
C)Community relations and crime control effectiveness cannot be the charge of a fewspecialized police units.
D)Community policing has been a response to officers' frustration with the lack ofcommunity support.

Answer 1

A

Question 2

Which of the following police operations best exemplifies community-oriented policing

A)A sting operation in which officers pose as fences for stolen property.
B)Computerized data terminals installed on the dashes of all patrol cars.
C)The hiring of bilingual officers to patrol ethnic neighborhoods.
D)Creation of a well-armed SWAT team trained in hostage negotiation.

Answer 2

C

Question 3

Conducting an interview with a family member of the victim who was present at the crimescene would fall into the ________ investigative stage.

A)Specific focus
B)General coverage
C)Informative data gathering
D)Victim/suspect time lines

Answer 3

A

Question 4

Aggressive patrol in New York City during the 1990s aimed at vandalism, panhandling, andgraffiti has been credited with a reduction in what type of crime

A)Violent crime
B)Prostitution
C)White-collar crime
D)Drug dealing

Question 5

What was the principal finding of the Kansas City Patrol Study

A)The type of patrol model adopted has a significant impact on crime.
B)Patrol techniques can significantly impact citizens' satisfaction with police.
C)Patrol techniques can have a significant impact on citizens' attitudes.
D)There is little evidence to suggest that increased police patrol deters crime.

Question 6

Which type of intelligence includes gaining or developing information related to threats ofterrorism or crime and using this information to apprehend offenders, harden targets, and usestrategies that will eliminate or mitigate the threat.

A)Unified intelligence
B)Strategic intelligence
C)Actuarial intelligence
D)Tactical intelligence

Question 7

Which term is used to describe organized groups of detectives who deceive criminals intoopenly committing illegal acts or conspiring to engage in criminal activity

A)Vice squad
B)Proactive patrol
C)Sting operations
D)Detective bureau

Question 8

Which is the term used to describe an effect that occurs when criminals move from an areatargeted for increased police presence to another that is less well protected.

A)Replacement
B)Displacement
C)Routine activities
D)Differential association

Question 9

Tactical and strategic intelligence are most closely associated with which model of policing

A)Community-oriented policing
B)Intelligence-led policing
C)Proactive policing
D)Problem-oriented policing

Question 10

The first experiments in community-oriented policing involved:

A)Streamlining in the number of ranks in a department.
B)Storefront mini-stations.
C)Decentralized, neighborhood-based precincts.
D)Foot patrol.

Question 11

Most police agencies are organized in a(n) ______ manner.

A)Cooperative and democratic
B)Egalitarian
C)Hierarchical
D)Corporate and businesslike

Question 12

How do most municipal police departments determine promotion eligibility

A)Time-in-rank
B)Testing
C)Arrest performance
D)Physical agility

Question 13

Police stopping motorists to issue citations and aggressively arresting suspicious persons is anexample of what type of policing

A)Proactive
B)Reactive
C)Neighborhood
D)Community

Question 14

The goal of the Kansas City Patrol Study was to evaluate:

A)The effectiveness of different patrol models.
B)Police use of force standards.
C)The time-in-rank system of promotion.
D)Command and control structures.

Question 15

Civilian employees are helpful in minimizing costs for police departments and can be used inall of the following capacities except:

A)Clerical work.
B)Communications gear.
C)Traffic control.
D)Investigations.

Question 16

The concept of hot spots of crime is most closely associated with which model of policing

A)Intelligence-led policing
B)Police-community relations (PCR)
C)Community-oriented policing (COP)
D)Problem-oriented policing (POP)

Question 17

Community-oriented policing links police effectiveness to:

A)Efficient utilization of existing personnel.
B)Interrelationships between cooperative police agencies.
C)Optimized usage of advanced technology.
D)Productive interaction with the community being served.

Question 18

Which of the following is not a program or policy to try to improve patrol effectiveness

A)Aggressive patrol
B)Decrease the number of arrests
C)Rapid response
D)Targeting of specific crimes

Question 19

While police patrol has many objectives, most police experts agree that the majority of policepatrol efforts are devoted to:

A)Crime fighting
B)Order maintenance
C)Responding to emergencies
D)Deterring crime

Question 20

Which of the following was not one of the reasons behind the evolution of communitypolicing

A)Move toward a crime control perspective
B)Citizen frustration with police detachment
C)Inability of patrol to reduce certain types of crime
D)Desire to improve the public image of the police

Question 21

CASE 6.2
A few concerned citizens made an appointment to meet with the chief of police in Anytown, USA. They are concerned with the productivity of the police department in their city. They are also concerned with the lack of coordination between the residents of the city and the police department.
Mr. Smith is one resident who brings up at the meeting that there are a few locations, knownas hot spots of crime, that are the biggest concern for the residents. All of the following areconsidered to be potential hotspots of crime except:

A)Bars.
B)Bus depots.
C)Malls.
D)Schools.

Question 22

CASE 6.1
Chief Williams is a newly hired police chief in the city of Middletown. He was hired to implement changes in the police department. After five consecutive years of increasing crime rates, low-level quality-of-life crimes seem to be on the rise. He was brought in from an outside agency in the hope that he would restructure the police department.
Chief Williams believes that the designated patrol areas need to be made smaller for the patrolofficers. What are these designated patrol areas known as

A)Quarters
B)Zones
C)Divisions
D)Beats

Question 23

CASE 6.2
A few concerned citizens made an appointment to meet with the chief of police in Anytown, USA. They are concerned with the productivity of the police department in their city. They are also concerned with the lack of coordination between the residents of the city and the police department.
The concerned residents are pushing for police programs to bring police and the public closertogether and to create a more cooperative environment between them. This type of policing isreferred to as:

A)Intelligence-led policing.
B)Problem-oriented policing.
C)Community-oriented policing.
D)Reactive policing.

Question 24

CASE 6.1
Chief Williams is a newly hired police chief in the city of Middletown. He was hired to implement changes in the police department. After five consecutive years of increasing crime rates, low-level quality-of-life crimes seem to be on the rise. He was brought in from an outside agency in the hope that he would restructure the police department.
The first changes Chief Williams wants to implement are to the most visible members ofthe police department. Which division is the most visible to the public

A)Detective bureau
B)Patrol
C)Special operations
D)Dispatch

Question 25

Which model of policing believes that police need to aggressively target low-level quality-oflifeoffenses

A)Community-oriented policing
B)Rapid response
C)Procedural justice policing
D)Broken windows policing

Question 26

CASE 6.2
A few concerned citizens made an appointment to meet with the chief of police in Anytown, USA. They are concerned with the productivity of the police department in their city. They are also concerned with the lack of coordination between the residents of the city and the police department.
The police chief is concerned with the residents' request, as he believes that his policedepartment should stress proactive problem solving. This type of management style isreferred to as:

A)Problem-oriented policing.
B)Community-oriented policing.
C)Reactive policing.
D)Intelligence-led policing.

Question 27

Which model sees the role of the police as maintainers of community order and safety

A)Broken windows policing
B)Community-oriented policing
C)Rapid response
D)Procedural justice policing

Question 28

Which concept of policing aims to treat citizens with dignity and respect

A)Procedural justice
B)Broken windows
C)Community policing
D)Intelligence-led policing

Question 29

CASE 6.1
Chief Williams is a newly hired police chief in the city of Middletown. He was hired to implement changes in the police department. After five consecutive years of increasing crime rates, low-level quality-of-life crimes seem to be on the rise. He was brought in from an outside agency in the hope that he would restructure the police department.
Other improvements to patrol need to be made according to Chief Williams's assessment. Hebelieves that the police should be maintainers of community order and safety. This model ofpolicing is referred to as:

A)The technological model.
B)The broken windows model.
C)Procedural justice.
D)Rapid response.

Question 30

Who are considered the backbone of a police department

A)Vice squad
B)Uniformed police officers
C)Detectives
D)Chiefs

Question 31

Detective Jones is investigating a murder. As a seasoned investigator, Jones uses the threeprongedapproach to solving cases. At the onset of his investigation, Jones visits the crime scene,interviews witnesses, and collects evidence. This is known as what

A)Informative data gathering
B)Specific focus
C)Intelligence gathering
D)General coverage

Question 32

CASE 6.2
A few concerned citizens made an appointment to meet with the chief of police in Anytown, USA. They are concerned with the productivity of the police department in their city. They are also concerned with the lack of coordination between the residents of the city and the police department.
Mr. Smith also expresses concern that the division that is supposed to investigate allegations ofpolice misconduct does not take his complaints seriously. He recently filed a complaint thatone officer used aggressive techniques when dealing with his son on a traffic stop. Which unit is responsible for investigating these allegations

A)Department affairs
B)Internal affairs
C)Investigative affairs
D)Community affairs

Question 33

In the third phase of his investigation, Jones decides that he needs to obtain the victim'scomputer hard drive and cell phone records to establish with whom the victim may have hadcontact prior to the murder. This is known as what

A)Intelligence gathering
B)General coverage
C)Informative data gathering
D)Specific focus

Question 34

Which term is used to describe the concern with making decisions that are arrived at throughprocedures that are viewed as fair

A)Individual rights
B)Crime control
C)Due process
D)Procedural justice

Question 35

CASE 6.2
A few concerned citizens made an appointment to meet with the chief of police in Anytown, USA. They are concerned with the productivity of the police department in their city. They are also concerned with the lack of coordination between the residents of the city and the police department.
Mrs. Stern expresses that she is pleased that the crime rate in her area has decreased as a resultof proactive efforts of the police department. At the same time, Mrs. Joseph complains that thecrime that disappeared in Mrs. Stern's neighborhood has now moved to her neighborhood. This effect is known as:

A)Displacement.
B)Replacement.
C)Advancement.
D)Substitution.

Question 36

Who is assigned to enforce morality-based laws, such as those addressing prostitution andgambling

A)Justice squads
B)Vice squads
C)Ace squads
D)Morality squads

Question 37

Which of the following is not a concept associated with broken windows policing

A)The use of preventive patrol throughout a jurisdiction to deter offending and improvepolice and community relations.
B)Neighborhood disorder creates fear.
C)Neighborhoods give out crime-promoting signals.
D)Police need to aggressively target low-level quality-of-life crimes.

Question 38

A Florida-based police department is interested in cutting costs. One tactic they areconsidering implementing is absorbing some units with fewer than ten personnel into larger units.This process is known as what

A)Consolidation
B)Sharing
C)Pooling
D)Informal arrangement

Question 39

CASE 6.1
Chief Williams is a newly hired police chief in the city of Middletown. He was hired to implement changes in the police department. After five consecutive years of increasing crime rates, low-level quality-of-life crimes seem to be on the rise. He was brought in from an outside agency in the hope that he would restructure the police department.
Chief Williams believes that the investigative unit of the police department needs an overhaul.He believes it is important for there to be a unit that enforces morality-based laws. This type ofunit is typically referred to as a(n):

A)Command squad.
B)Crime squad.
C)Undercover squad.
D)Vice squad.

Question 40

Proceeding with his investigation, Jones decides to go to the neighborhood where the victimlived to interview the victim's friends and neighbors. He also visits the victim's employer andtalks with the victim's boss and co-workers. This is known as what

A)Specific focus
B)General coverage
C)Informative data gathering
D)Intelligence gathering

Question 41

One of the goals of Intelligence-led Policing is to shift the focus of police work to be morereactive as opposed to proactive.

Question 42

Foot patrol efforts were aimed at forming a bond with community residents by acquaintingresidents with the individual officers who patrolled their neighborhood.

Question 43

An advantage of hiring civilians to work in police departments is that they are often paidless than police officers.

Question 44

The average police officer can expect to make between ten and fifteen arrests permonth for serious crimes.

Question 45

Intelligence gathering for law enforcement follows a process in which analysis is the first partof the process.

Question 46

Patrol officers have a great deal of discretion in how they handle individual incidents.

Question 47

The detective bureau is considered the backbone of policing.

Question 48

Crime fighting is a major part of the daily routine of patrol officers.

Question 49

Fusion centers provide the means for community input.

Question 50

Highly focused, as opposed to randomized, policing efforts are currently believed to bemost effective at solving street-level crime problems.

Question 51

Operation Ceasefire was a successful problem-oriented policing case study aimed atcurbing youth gang homicides in Boston.

Question 52

The majority of a police officer's time is spent handling minor disturbances, service calls,and performing administrative tasks.

Question 53

The core of problem-oriented policing is a proactive approach to law enforcement.

Question 54

Community-oriented policing and problem-oriented policing are closelyassociated.

Question 55

Creating a feeling of security is one of the major purposes of police patrol.

Question 56

Police agencies have always had the cooperation and respect of the communities theyserve.

Question 57

Undercover work is an unnecessary element of police work.

Question 58

One advantage of Intelligence-led Policing is its focus on criminogenic "hot spots."

Question 59

Police departments may reduce costs by hiring civilians to conduct administrative supportduties.

Question 60

Studies have found that foot patrols are effective at reducing crime.

Question 61

____________________ provides information to decision makers about the changing nature ofcertain problems and threats for the purpose of developing response strategies and reallocatingresources.

Question 62

Aggressive patrol is a tactic employed as part of an overall philosophy of____________________ policing.

Question 63

Most departments promote police personnel according to the____________________ system.

Question 64

The most critical information for determining a case outcome is the __________ and the___________ of the suspect.

Question 65

____________________ is/are programs designed to bring police and the publiccloser together and create a more cooperative environment between them.

Question 66

Bars, bus depots, and hotels are considered ___________ because a significant portion ofpolice calls typically originate in these areas.

Question 67

Designated police patrol areas are called ____________________.

Question 68

A(n) ____________________ is an operation designed to encourage and observecriminal behavior so the officers can make an arrest.

Question 69

______________________________ are geographic locations where crime is highlyconcentrated.

Question 70

_______________ is concerned with making decisions that are arrived at through proceduresthat are viewed as fair.

Question 71

____________________ is another term for the order-maintenance function ofpolice.

Question 72

The _______________________ provides funding for police departments interested inimplementing community-oriented policing.

Question 73

____________________ combines a homeland security focus with the manyadvances made in the realms of community- and problem-oriented policing.

Question 74

An effect that occurs when criminals move from an area targeted for increased police presenceto another that is less well protected is known as _____________.

Question 75

How does the media-depicted version of policing differ from reality

Question 76

__________________ is the police unit that investigates allegations of police misconduct.

Question 77

A formal intelligence-sharing initiative that identified security and intelligence-sharing needsin the wake of the 9/11 terrorist attacks is the _____________________.

Question 78

The most highly visible member of the police force is the ___________________

Question 79

A _______ is a mechanism to exchange information and intelligence, maximizeresources, streamline operations, and improve the ability to fight crime and terrorism.

Question 80

____________________________ are unwritten agreements between neighboringlocalities to perform tasks that are mutually beneficial to both agencies, such as monitoring radiotraffic in order to provide backup.