Deck 15: The Nervous System: Sensory and Motor Tracts of the Spinal Cord

Question 1

An upper motor neuron supplying the lateral rectus muscle of the eye would be part of the ________ tract.

A)lateral corticospinal
B)anterior corticospinal
C)cerebellar
D)corticobulbar
E)None of the answers are correct.

Answer 1

D

Question 2

Neurons extending from the thalamus, through the internal capsule, and to the somatosensory cortex are

A)pyramidal cells.
B)first-order neurons.
C)second-order neurons.
D)third-order neurons.
E)None of the answers are correct.

Answer 2

D

Question 3

Select the correct association.

A)afferent-motor
B)afferent-sensory
C)efferent-sensory
D)efferent-unipolar
E)None of the answers are correct.

Answer 3

B

Question 4

When a person displays a "startle response," i.e., blinking and/or flinching at bright lights or loud noises, what neurological region is responsible

A)vestibular nuclei
B)reticulospinal tracts
C)cerebral nuclei
D)rubrospinal tracts
E)tectospinal tracts

Question 5

Processing centers of the pyramidal system include which of the following

A)the vestibular nuclei and the superior colliculus
B)the inferior colliculus and the mamillary body
C)the red nucleus and the reticular formation
D)the cerebral nuclei
E)All of the answers are correct.

Question 6

A neuron that ascends the spinal cord or brain stem and usually ends in the thalamus is a(n)

A)upper motor neuron.
B)lower motor neuron.
C)first-order neuron.
D)second-order neuron.
E)third-order neuron.

Question 7

Motor neurons exit the spinal cord through the

A)posterior gray horn.
B)anterior gray horn.
C)midbrain and hypothalamus.
D)ventral root.
E)dorsal root.

Question 8

The pyramidal system can be defined as

A)the control system for involuntary muscles.
B)a voluntary motor pathway.
C)includes the reticulospinal tract.
D)a series of ascending tracts.
E)None of the answers are correct.

Question 9

The information the body receives from a receptor detecting a stimulus and recognize a change is called a

A)perception.
B)feedback.
C)a preprogrammed response.
D)thinking.
E)sensation.

Question 10

Which nuclei or centers are correctly paired with the tracts to which they provide output

A)tectum-tectospinal tracts
B)red nuclei-rubrospinal tracts
C)reticular formation-reticulospinal tracts
D)vestibular nuclei-vestibulospinal tracts
E)All of the answers are correct.

Question 11

Sensations detected by the receptors for the lateral spinothalamic pathway include

A)proprioception.
B)pressure.
C)temperature.
D)vibration.
E)All of the answers are correct.

Question 12

The motor pathways of the autonomic nervous system

A)show a neuronal organization like that of the somatic nervous system.
B)contain both upper and lower motor neurons.
C)include only neurons located in the brain or spinal cord.
D)control visceral effectors, such as smooth and cardiac muscle and glands.
E)All of the answers are correct.

Question 13

The spinal tracts that regulate voluntary motor commands to skeletal muscles on the opposite side of the body are the

A)corticospinal tracts.
B)rubrospinal tracts.
C)reticulospinal tracts.
D)vestibulospinal tracts.
E)spinothalamic tracts.

Question 14

In a somatic motor pathway, the neuron that has a cell body in a CNS processing center is (the)

A)lower motor neuron.
B)preganglionic neuron.
C)upper motor neuron.
D)postganglionic neuron.
E)None of the answers are correct.

Question 15

A first-order neuron is

A)the first neuron in any pathway.
B)a neuron that extends down the spinal cord.
C)the sensory neuron that brings information from the receptor to the CNS.
D)one that projects the motor homunculus to the parietal lobe of the cerebellum.
E)None of the answers are correct.

Question 16

Which descending tracts terminate at the motor nuclei of cranial nerves controlling eye movements, facial muscles, jaw muscles and some muscles of the neck and pharynx

A)lateral corticospinal
B)corticospinal
C)corticobulbar
D)spinothalamic
E)posterior column

Question 17

Where would you expect to find CNS damage in a person who displays inability to control eye movements, facial expressions, tongue position, and some of the superficial neck and upper back muscles

A)vestibulospinal tracts
B)corticospinal tracts
C)corticobulbar tracts
D)rubrospinal tracts
E)None of the answers are correct.

Question 18

Angina is often felt in the upper left chest and arm because

A)the tissues in these regions are damaged or diseased.
B)these are the first areas to be injured when a person has a heart attack.
C)the pain is "referred" to the corresponding region of the primary sensory cortex.
D)muscles in this area work harder during a heart attack and become sore from fatigue.
E)None of the answers are correct.

Question 19

Processing of a stimulus so that one knows the likely source, type of stimulus, and intensity of the stimulus is

A)sensation.
B)perception.
C)thinking.
D)impossible.
E)None of the answers are correct.

Question 20

The spinothalamic tract is

A)descending.
B)motor.
C)ascending.
D)efferent.
E)transverse.

Question 21

When an athlete suffers an injury that results in symptoms of flaccid paralysis of a portion of a muscle, what type of nerve damage has occurred

A)No nerve has been damaged; only muscle fibers have been injured.
B)There is a CNS injury, but no injury to the muscle.
C)A lower motor neuron has been damaged.
D)An upper motor neuron has been damaged.
E)None of the answers are correct.

Question 22

The posterior spinocerebellar tracts enter the cerebellum by way of the ________ cerebellar peduncle.

Question 23

The sensory homunculus is a map that shows (the)

A)relative size of sensory regions in the body.
B)number of muscles under the skin.
C)number of sensory receptors in regions of the body.
D)size of sensory units.
E)All of the answers are correct.

Question 24

The neuron that extends from the spinal cord to the effector is the ________.

Question 25

The fiber column immediately adjacent to the posterior median sulcus is the ________.

Question 26

Motor pathways ________ the spinal cord.

Question 27

Another word for crossing over of axons is ________.

Question 28

A demyelinating disorder that affects only motor neurons is called ________.

Question 29

The ________ carries sensation concerning proprioception.

Question 30

The ________ carries information that controls muscle tone and balance.

Question 31

The fiber pathways nearest the anterior median fissure make up the ________.

Question 32

We can distinguish between sensations that originate in different areas of the body because

A)sensory neurons carry only one type of information.
B)sensory neurons from each body region synapse in specific brain regions.
C)incoming sensory information is first assessed by the thalamus.
D)different sensory receptor types produce different action potential types.
E)None of the answers are correct.

Question 33

Which area of the brain is responsible for complex motor patterns

A)vestibular nuclei
B)hypothalamus
C)pons
D)cerebral cortex
E)cerebellum

Question 34

A sensory homunculus

A)is the site that determines the intensity of a pain stimulus.
B)is the location of referred pain.
C)is a functional map of the primary sensory cortex.
D)is proportioned the same as the areas of the body represented.
E)None of the answers are correct.

Question 35

The corticospinal tracts that synapse on motor neurons in the anterior gray horns of the spinal cord are visible as they descend along the ventral surface of the medulla as a pair of thick bands, the ________.

Question 36

Which area of the brain is responsible for controlling motor responses to visual and auditory stimuli

A)mesencephalon
B)hypothalamus
C)pons
D)cerebral cortex
E)cerebellum

Question 37

A ________ is a motor neuron whose cell body is in the CNS and which will synapse on a cell body in a peripheral ganglion.

Question 38

One of the main reasons damage to the lateral corticospinal tract on the left side of the body does not completely cause loss of conscious control of the left side of the body is that

A)the extrapyramidal tracts help with conscious control.
B)15 percent of the voluntary control from the corticospinal tracts is uncrossed in the anterior corticospinal tract.
C)the medial pathways also control voluntary movement.
D)the corticobulbar pathway contributes to the entire body.
E)All of the answers are correct.

Question 39

The spinocerebellar pathway carries ________ information to the cerebellum for processing.

Question 40

The fiber pathway most superficial in the lateral column is the ________.

Question 41

The basal nuclei modify voluntary motor patterns.

Question 42

Figure 15.1

Using the figure above, identify the labeled part.
Label D: ______________________________

Question 43

Ascending sensory information is relayed from one nucleus to another in a series of steps, which permits modulation of the response, but this processing takes time. Why is this delay in response not dangerous to the organism

Question 44

The pons and superior medulla oblongata control balance reflexes.

Question 45

The most disproportionate area of the body in the motor homunculus is the relatively small size of the ________ compared to its actual size.

Question 46

Figure 15.1

Using the figure above, identify the labeled part.
Label A: ______________________________

Question 47

The anterior spinocerebellar tract carries information about proprioception.

Question 48

The hypothalamus initiates voluntary motor activity.

Question 49

The anterior spinothalamic tract carries information about proprioception.

Question 50

The fasciculus gracilis ascends same side of cord carrying information about position, fine touch, pressure, and vibration.

Question 51

The hypothalamus controls motor patterns related to eating.

Question 52

The anterior spinocerebellar tract carries information about crude touch.

Question 53

Predict the effects of a superficial injury to the lateral columns.

Question 54

The lateral spinothalamic tract crosses to ascend cord and carries information about pain and temperature.

Question 55

Figure 15.1

Using the figure above, identify the labeled part.
Label B: ______________________________

Question 56

Figure 15.1

Using the figure above, identify the labeled part.
Label C: ______________________________

Question 57

The cerebral cortex controls simple cranial reflexes.

Question 58

Figure 15.1

Using the figure above, identify the labeled part.
Label F: ______________________________

Question 59

A motor map of the cortical surface is a ________.

Question 60

Figure 15.1

Using the figure above, identify the labeled part.
Label E: ______________________________

Question 61

Figure 15.3

Using the figure above, identify the labeled part.
Label A: ______________________________

Question 62

Figure 15.2

Using the figure above, identify the labeled part.
Label G: ______________________________

Question 63

Figure 15.2

Using the figure above, identify the labeled part.
Label C: ______________________________

Question 64

Figure 15.1

Using the figure above, identify the labeled part.
Label J: ______________________________

Question 65

Figure 15.2

Using the figure above, identify the labeled part.
Label H: ______________________________

Question 66

Figure 15.2

Using the figure above, identify the labeled part.
Label D: ______________________________

Question 67

Figure 15.3

Using the figure above, identify the labeled part.
Label C: ______________________________

Question 68

Figure 15.3

Using the figure above, identify the labeled part.
Label F: ______________________________

Question 69

Figure 15.3

Using the figure above, identify the labeled part.
Label D: ______________________________

Question 70

Figure 15.1

Using the figure above, identify the labeled part.
Label H: ______________________________

Question 71

Figure 15.2

Using the figure above, identify the labeled part.
Label B: ______________________________

Question 72

Figure 15.1

Using the figure above, identify the labeled part.
Label I: ______________________________

Question 73

Figure 15.2

Using the figure above, identify the labeled part.
Label E: ______________________________

Question 74

Figure 15.2

Using the figure above, identify the labeled part.
Label I: ______________________________

Question 75

Figure 15.3

Using the figure above, identify the labeled part.
Label B: ______________________________

Question 76

Figure 15.1

Using the figure above, identify the labeled part.
Label G: ______________________________

Question 77

Figure 15.2

Using the figure above, identify the labeled part.
Label F: ______________________________

Question 78

Figure 15.3

Using the figure above, identify the labeled part.
Label E: ______________________________

Question 79

Figure 15.2

Using the figure above, identify the labeled part.
Label A: ______________________________

Question 80

Figure 15.3

Using the figure above, identify the labeled part.
Label G: ______________________________