Deck 7: Digital Security

Question 1

​A cryptographic __________ is a procedure for encryption or decryption.

A)​firewall
B)​ciphertext
C)​key
D)​algorithm

Answer 1

D

Question 2

​Password entropy is a measure in _____ of a password's unpredictability.

Answer 2

bits

Question 3

​Which of the following type of attack uses password-cracking software to generate every possible combination of letters, numerals, and symbols.

A)entropy​
B)​massive
C)​dictionary
D)​brute force

Answer 3

D

Question 4

​A(n) _______ password is difficult to hack.

Question 5

​If you feel more secure with a totally random and unique password for each of your logins, then a(n) _______________  is an excellent option.

A)​keylogger
B)​encryption key
C)​password manager
D)​personal firewall

Question 6

​The single most effective security measure for digital devices is to password protect access to them.

Question 7

A cryptographic ________ is a word, number, or phrase that must be known to encrypt or decrypt data.​

Question 8

​Passwords used as encryption ________ help to make hijacked data unusable.

Question 9

​Conventional wisdom tells us that strong passwords are at least _____ characters in length and include one or more uppercase letters, numbers, and symbols.

Question 10

​Android devices automatically encrypt data stored on the device when a user activates the login password.

Question 11

​It is not possible to encrypt a Windows hard drive volume.

Question 12

​Which of the following is not an example of an authentication protocol?

A)​password
B)​PINs
C)​fingerprint scanner
D)​all of the above

Question 13

​Password _________ is a measure in bits of a password's unpredictability.

Question 14

​There are various encryption methods, but __________ is the encryption standard currently used worldwide.

A)​AES
B)​DDoS
C)​IMSI
D)​TLS

Question 15

​An original message or file that has not yet been encrypted is referred to as ciphertext.

Question 16

Brute force attacks methodically try every possible password until the correct one is found.​

Question 17

​Which of the following is not a characteristic of a weak password?

A)​Eight characters in length and include one or more uppercase letters, numbers, and symbols.
B)​Uses default passwords such as password, admin, system, and guest.
C)​Any sequence that includes a user name.
D)​Use of words from a dictionary.

Question 18

​Which of the following terms would best match this definition: Transforms a message or data file in such a way that its contents are hidden from unauthorized readers.

A)​authentication
B)​encryption
C)​ciphertext
D)​decryption

Question 19

​If you want to store passwords on your digital device, make sure to _________ the file in which they are stored.

Question 20

​OS X devices include a utility that automatically encrypts data stored locally.

Question 21

Password managers store passwords in a(n) _________ file​

Question 22

​A password manager can store passwords in an encrypted file located at which of the following storage locations?

A)​ local storage
B)​cloud storage
C)​USB storage
D)​all of the above

Question 23

​The action carried out by malware code is referred to as a(n) _______.

Question 24

​Most trojans are not designed to replicate themselves.

Question 25

​If you use a password manager, what do you as the user need to remember?

A)​Your passwords for individual sites.
B)​The master password.
C)​Form data including credit card numbers.
D)​All of the above

Question 26

​A key characteristic of viruses is their ability to lurk in a device for days or months, quietly replicating themselves.

Question 27

​__________ is the process of modifying an executable file or data stream by adding additional commands

A)​Keylogging
B)​Pharming
C)​Brute force attack
D)​Code injection

Question 28

​Which of the following is not a characteristic of a computer worm?

A)​self-replicating
B)​usually standalone executable programs
C)​self-distributing
D)​spread through a process called side-loading

Question 29

​What is the process called when an app from a source other than an official app store is installed on a device?

A)​Side-loading
B)​Rootkit
C)​Code injection
D)​Dropper

Question 30

​In addition to replicating itself, a virus self-distributing.

Question 31

​Common classifications of _________ include viruses, worms, and trojans.

Question 32

​Similar to a worm, a trojan is not designed to spread itself to other devices.

Question 33

​ ________ refers to any computer program designed to surreptitiously enter a digital device.

Question 34

​Stuxnet is a notorious computer _______.

Question 35

​Password managers can generate unique passwords that have very good entropy.

Question 36

​A computer _________ is a set of self-replicating program instructions that surreptitiously attaches itself to a legitimate executable file on a host device.

A)trojan​
B)​virus
C)​worm
D)​all of the above

Question 37

​The core function of a password manager is to store user IDs with their corresponding ________.

Question 38

​Any code that is designed to hide the existence of processes and privileges is referred to as a(n) _______.

Question 39

​A computer _______ is a self-replicating, self-distributing program designed to carry out unauthorized activity on a victim's device.

Question 40

​Viruses spread themselves from one device to another.

Question 41

​Once you have installed antivirus software, you don't typically need to keep it running full time in the background

Question 42

​A ___________  is malware that arrives in a trojan disguised as legitimate software and sets up a secret communication link to a hacker.

A)​DDoS
B)​TLS
C)​PUP
D)​RAT

Question 43

​A(n) __________  is a computer program that seems to perform one function while actually doing something else.

Question 44

​When antivirus software detects malware, which of the following would not be a course of action you could take?

A)​Conduct a heuristic analysis.
B)​Repair the infection.
C)​Put the infected file into quarantine.
D)​Delete the infected file.

Question 45

​Antivirus software can use techniques called__________ to detect malware by analyzing the characteristics and behavior of suspicious files.

A)​heuristic analysis
B)​virus signature
C)​side-loading
D)​port scan

Question 46

​Which type of device is the top target for ransomware?

A)​Desktops
B)​Laptops
C)​Smartphones
D)​All of the above

Question 47

​One method of heuristic analysis allows the suspicious file to run in a guarded environment called a(n) ___________ .

Question 48

​A virus __________ is a section of program code that contains a unique series of instructions known to be part of a malware exploit.

Question 49

​Trojans depend on ________ to spread.

A)​self-replication
B)​social engineering
C)​rootkits
D)​code injection

Question 50

​A virus __________ usually arrives as an email message that contains warnings about a supposedly new virus.

A)​payload
B)​signature
C)​hoax
D)​dropper

Question 51

​A(n) ________________  takes place when an unauthorized person gains access to a digital device by using an Internet connection and exploiting vulnerabilities in hardware or software.

A)​address spoofing
B)​online intrusion
C)​brute force attack
D)​zero-day attack

Question 52

​The best defense against malware is _____________.

A)​encryption
B)​entropy
C)​antivirus software
D)​all of the above

Question 53

​__________ are standalone programs that masquerade as useful utilities or applications

Question 54

​A(n) __________  is an undocumented method of accessing a digital device.

Question 55

​Any data entering a digital device could be malware.

Question 56

​Which of the following sequence of events best describes an online intrusion?

A)​Malware enters the device, then opens a backdoor, leading to an open communications link on the device that a hacker can exploit.
B)​A backdoor is opened on the device locally, which allows malware to be loaded onto the device by a hacker.
C)​A USB drive containing a trojan is inserted into a device which opens a backdoor, allowing a hacker access to the device.
D)None of the above​

Question 57

​A(n) _________ is designed to deliver malicious code into a device.

Question 58

​If you are traveling and expect to access files on a computer that you've left at home, make sure the remote access utilities is turned off.

Question 59

​Heuristics may produce false positives that mistakenly identify a legitimate file as malware.

Question 60

​RATs can be used to create a backdoor to a victim's device that  takes control of the device's camera.

Question 61

​To establish a(n) ________, hackers set up an unsecured Wi-Fi hotspot complete with an Internet connection.

A)​Keylogger
B)​Evil Twin
C)​botnet
D)​None of the above

Question 62

​ A(n) __________ is a device or software that is designed to block unauthorized access while allowing authorized communications.

A)​Netstat
B)​firewall
C)​Evil Twin
D)​digital certificate

Question 63

​Which of the following would be considered spyware?

A)​a keylogger
B)​firewall software
C)​Antivirus software
D)​all of the above

Question 64

​The objective of a MITM attack is for a third party to block communications between two entities.

Question 65

​A network utility called ______________ produces a detailed list of open ports on a device.

Question 66

​_____________ software shields certain applications against behaviors commonly exhibited by intrusions.

A)​Malware
B)​Anti-exploit
C)​Antivirus
D)​Virus signature

Question 67

​Hackers who gain control over several computers can organize them into a client-server network known as a(n) _______.

Question 68

​ ___________ locks a device and then requests payment for an unlocking code.

Question 69

​A(n) __________  pings a packet of data to a port in order to see if that port is open or not.

A)​rootkit
B)​port scan
C)​virus signature
D)​heuristic analysis

Question 70

​A botnet has a server that is controlled by hackers.

Question 71

​__________ changes an originating address or a destination address to redirect the flow of data between two parties.

A)​Social engineering
B)​IMSI catching
C)​Address spoofing
D)​All of the above

Question 72

​Which of the following can be used to block unauthorized access while allowing authorized communications on a device or network?

A)​network router
B)​personal firewall
C)​hardware that uses a NAT
D)​all of the above

Question 73

​A(n) ______________  attack exploits previously unknown vulnerabilities in software applications, hardware, and operating system program code.

A)zero-day​
B)​rootkit
C)​brute force
D)​dictionary

Question 74

​A(n) _____________  is a LAN server that is designed to look like a legitimate Wi-Fi hotspot.

Question 75

​_______ can be used to flood a Web site with so much traffic that it can no longer provide its intended service.

A)​DDoS
B)​Botnets
C)​Commands from a botmaster
D)​All of the above

Question 76

​Correctly installed antivirus software will prevent all intrusions.

Question 77

​MITM attacks include which of the following?

A)​Address spoofing
B)​IMSI catchers
C)​Evil Twins
D)​all of the above

Question 78

​Any software that secretly gathers personal information without the victim's knowledge is classified as __________.

Question 79

​Hackers can use ports to communicate with devices in botnets.

Question 80

​Antivirus software cannot be expected to block threats that do not arrive in the form of malware.