Deck 20: Vibrio,aeromonas,plesiomonas and Campylobacter Species

Question 1

Plesiomonas spp.cause all of the following clinical types of gastroenteritis EXCEPT:

A) The more common watery or secretory diarrhea
B) A second subacute or chronic disease that lasts between 14 days and 2 to 3 months
C) A more invasive, dysenteric form that resembles colitis
D) A hemorrhagic diarrhea

Answer 1

D
There are at least three major clinical types of gastroenteritis caused by Plesiomonas: the more common watery or secretory diarrhea,a second subacute or chronic disease that lasts between 14 days and 2 to 3 months,and a more invasive,dysenteric form that resembles colitis.

Question 2

Infections with Vibrio spp.can be contracted in all of the following situations EXCEPT:

A) Increased travel to either coastal or cholera-endemic areas
B) Increased consumption of seafood (particularly uncooked)
C) Greater numbers of Vibrio spp. in the environment
D) Increased use of recreational water facilities

Answer 2

C
Some of the various reasons for this significant rise in the isolation of Vibrio clinical isolates include increased travel to either coastal or cholera endemic areas,increased consumption of seafood (particularly uncooked),increased use of recreational water facilities,which encourages aquatic exposure,larger populations of immunocompromised individuals,and increased awareness of the existence and significance of these organisms in the clinical microbiology laboratory.

Question 3

A patient is brought to the emergency department with a severe case of gastroenteritis.The patient experienced gastrointestinal upset after eating raw oysters.What organism can be the culprit of this patient's condition?

A) Vibrio trota
B) V. parahaemolyticus
C) V. cholerae
D) V. vulnificus

Answer 3

D
After cholera,the second most serious type of Vibrio-associated infections are those caused by V.vulnificus.Infections caused by V.vulnificus generally fall into two categories: primary septicemia and wound infections.The former is surmised to occur through the gastrointestinal route following the consumption of shellfish,especially raw oysters.

Question 4

What do aeromonad colonies look like on cefsulodin-irgasan-novobiocin (CIN)agar?

A) Purple colonies
B) Clear colonies
C) Green colonies
D) Pink colonies

Question 5

What is the name of the organism that is strongly associated with gastric,peptic,and duodenal ulcers as well as GI carcinoma?

A) Campylobacter jejuni
B) Helicobacter pylori
C) C. curvus
D) H. rectus

Question 6

Aeromonads are generally susceptible to all these antibiotics EXCEPT:

A) Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole
B) Vancomycin
C) Aminoglycosides
D) Quinolones

Question 7

Aeromonads have been implicated in all of the following diseases EXCEPT:

A) Osteomyelitis
B) Meningitis
C) Pneumonia
D) Otitis

Question 8

What organism may play a role in Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS)?

A) Helicobacter
B) Aeromonas
C) Campylobacter
D) Plesiomonas

Question 9

What disease manifests in acute cases as a severe gastroenteritis,accompanied by vomiting followed by diarrheic stools that are described as rice water and occur 10 to 30 times a day?

A) Cholera
B) Typhoid
C) Dysentery
D) Food poisoning

Question 10

What is the name of the organism that causes the disease cholera?

A) Vibrio furnissii
B) V. cholerae
C) V. vulnificus
D) V. parahaemolyticus

Question 11

All of the following characteristics describe the genus Plesiomonas EXCEPT:

A) Ferments glucose
B) Glucose positive
C) Oxidase negative
D) Facultative anaerobes

Question 12

All of the following are biochemical characteristics of Vibrio spp.EXCEPT:

A) Ferments glucose
B) Reduce nitrate to nitrite
C) Halophilic
D) Oxidase negative

Question 13

What Vibrio species is most infrequently isolated in the laboratory?

A) Vibrio alginolyticus
B) V. parahaemolyticus
C) V. cholerae
D) V. vulnificus

Question 14

What species of Aeromonas is the most frequently associated with gastrointestinal infections?

A) Aeromonas hydrophila
B) A. caviae
C) A. veronii
D) A. sobria

Question 15

What organism is the most common cause of bacterial gastroenteritis worldwide?

A) Campylobacter jejuni
B) C. fetus
C) C. lari
D) C. coli

Question 16

What is the name of the organism that is responsible for "summer diarrhea" in Japan?

A) Vibrio cholerae
B) V. vulnificus
C) V. parahaemolyticus
D) V. trota

Question 17

Which of the following is a curved,gram-negative rod that grows on TCBS agar?

A) Vibrio
B) Campylobacter
C) Clostridium
D) Fusobacterium

Question 18

What two biochemical tests help distinguish Aeromonas species from other enterics?

A) Oxidase and indole
B) Oxidase and Simmon's citrate
C) Simmon's citrate and indole
D) Voges-Proskauer (VP) and indole

Question 19

When collecting specimens that may contain Campylobacter spp.bacteria,what transport medium should they be placed in,if a delay in transport is possible?

A) Bordet-Gengou
B) Regan-Lewis
C) Aimes
D) Cary-Blair

Question 20

How is cholera treated?

A) Tetracycline
B) Copious amounts of intravenous fluids
C) Aminoglycosides with a large amount of intravenous fluids
D) Rest and cold showers

Question 21

A microbiologist is working the miscellaneous bench reading stool cultures.The campy plate from a culture has growth on the plate that was incubated at 42° C.The colonies are nonhemolytic,moist,"runny looking," and spreading.The Gram stain shows tiny gram-negative rods with some S-shapes and seagull-wing shapes.What is growing on the plate?

A) Aeromonas
B) Helicobacter
C) Campylobacter
D) Acinetobacter

Question 22

How is Helicobacter pylori presumptively identified?

A) A culture of a gastric biopsy
B) A culture of gastric scrapings
C) A rapid oxidase test done on gastric scrapings
D) A rapid urease test done on a gastric biopsy

Question 23

What is the drug of choice for treating intestinal campylobacteriosis?

A) Erythromycin
B) Gentamicin
C) Vancomycin
D) Imipenem

Question 24

Campy-BAP contains:

A) Brucella agar base, 10% sheep red blood cells, vancomycin, trimethoprim, polymyxin B, amphotericin B, and cephalothin
B) Columbia agar base, 5% sheep red blood cells, erythromycin, spectinomycin, Diflucan, and ampicillin
C) Brucella agar base, 5% sheep red blood cells, Zithromax, sulfamethoxazole, nystatin, amphotericin B, and imipenem
D) Columbia agar base, glycerol, L-cysteine, hemin, streptomycin, amphotericin B, and gentamicin

Question 25

What organism has a microscopic morphology of tiny gram-negative rods,curved,with S-shapes or seagull-wing shapes on Gram stain?

A) Helicobacter
B) Campylobacter
C) Haemophilus
D) Acinetobacter

Question 26

What type of an atmosphere do campylobacters require for growth?

A) Microaerophilic and capnophilic
B) Anaerobic and moist
C) Capnophilic and halophilic
D) Microaerophilic and high nitrogen content

Question 27

What temperature is an optimal growth temperature for Campylobacter jejuni?

A) 35° C
B) 42° C
C) 25° C
D) 60° C