Deck 6: Energy Balance

Question 1

After foods are eaten,they are converted into which of the following body fuels?

A) amino acids and fatty acids
B) fatty acids and glucose
C) glucose and triglycerides
D) glycogen and glucose

Answer 1

B
After foods are eaten,they are converted into fatty acids and glucose,both of which are used as fuel for the body.

Question 2

An activity that results in increased energy expenditure is

A) cleaning house.
B) balancing a checkbook.
C) experiencing emotional stress.
D) playing video games.

Answer 2

A
Different kilocalorie expenditures occur with different types of activities.In this case,cleaning house requires muscular work and so uses more energy than the other activities.Mental exertion has no effect on energy needs.

Question 3

The term for the effect of food intake on metabolic rate is

A) thermic effect of food.
B) resting metabolic rate.
C) total energy requirement.
D) indirect calorimetry.

Answer 3

A
Once food is eaten,it stimulates metabolism and requires extra energy for digestion,absorption,and transport of the nutrients to the cells.This stimulation is referred to as the thermic effect of food.

Question 4

Indirect calorimetry is used to measure which of the following?

A) basal or resting energy expenditure
B) weight
C) physical activity
D) body mass index

Question 5

The amount of energy the body needs to maintain life while at digestive,physical,and emotional rest is called the

A) basal metabolic rate.
B) indirect calorimetry.
C) respiratory quotient.
D) nitrogen balance.

Question 6

The body's sources of stored energy include

A) glucose.
B) adipose tissue.
C) undigested food.
D) bone.

Question 7

The total number of kilocalories in a snack that contains 10 g carbohydrate,2 g protein,and 5 g fat is _____ kcal.

A) 17
B) 68
C) 93
D) 153

Question 8

Which of the following foods has the greatest caloric density?

A) banana
B) bread
C) nuts
D) milk

Question 9

When energy intake exceeds energy expenditure,the result can be

A) anorexia.
B) malnutrition.
C) weight gain.
D) hyperactivity.

Question 10

A nutrient that does not provide energy for the body is

A) carbohydrate.
B) protein.
C) vitamin.
D) fat.

Question 11

The first source of stored energy to be used during a period of fasting is

A) amino acids.
B) glycogen.
C) adipose tissue.
D) glucose.

Question 12

Metabolically active tissues in the body include

A) the heart, muscles, and intestine.
B) the brain, nerves, and hair.
C) the liver, kidney, and fingernails and toenails.
D) all body tissues.

Question 13

Metabolic rate would increase with a body temperature of

A) 97.4° F.
B) 98.4° F.
C) 98.6° F.
D) 101.2° F.

Question 14

Basal metabolic rate is controlled by the hormone

A) cortisol.
B) growth hormone.
C) thyroxine.
D) insulin.

Question 15

The thermic effect of food refers to the fact that

A) all nutrients contain calories.
B) certain foods are more stimulating than others to the gastrointestinal tract.
C) the presence of food in the stomach starts the process of digestion.
D) the process of digestion, absorption, and metabolism of food requires energy.

Question 16

The unit of measurement used to refer to the amount of energy in food is the

A) watt.
B) kilogram.
C) milligram.
D) kilocalorie.

Question 17

Energy is lost from the body as

A) heat.
B) urine.
C) sweat.
D) fat.

Question 18

Nutrient density means the

A) total weight of the nutrients in a food.
B) digestibility of the nutrients in a food.
C) concentration of energy in a given amount of food.
D) concentration of nutrients in a given amount of food.

Question 19

The sum of basal metabolism,energy expended in physical activity,and thermic effect of food is known as

A) metabolic rate.
B) energy intake.
C) basal energy needs.
D) total energy requirement.

Question 20

Which of the following represents an external energy cycle?

A) the moon
B) growing plants
C) crystals
D) metabolism

Question 21

Fever increases basal metabolic rate approximately _____ for each _____ rise.

A) 1%, 1° F
B) 1%, 1° C
C) 1%, 7° F
D) 7%, 1° F

Question 22

Mr.Jones normally has a basal metabolic rate of 1500 kcal.He develops a fever of 100.6° F.His rate would now be approximately _____ kcal.

A) 1550
B) 1600
C) 1710
D) 1830

Question 23

Energy needs per pound of body weight

A) increase with age.
B) increase throughout childhood.
C) decrease with age.
D) are greater in women than in men.

Question 24

The liver and muscles store enough glycogen to last _____ hours.

A) 4 to 6
B) 6 to 24
C) 12 to 48
D) 24 to 72

Question 25

A 65-year-old man's energy intake should focus on meals

A) high in calories with nutrient-dense foods.
B) low in calories and high in fiber and meat.
C) with a lower caloric density and increased nutrient density.
D) high calorie level for middle age with lowered nutrient density.

Question 26

In cases of extreme starvation,the energy substrate most likely to be used as a last resort would be

A) glycogen.
B) muscle mass.
C) adipose tissue.
D) amino acids.

Question 27

Resting energy expenditure is

A) the same as basal energy expenditure.
B) slightly higher than basal energy expenditure.
C) slightly lower than basal energy expenditure.
D) more accurate for predicting energy needs than is basal energy expenditure.

Question 28

Energy expenditure is increased by

A) physical exercise.
B) mental work.
C) stress.
D) fatigue.

Question 29

The person requiring the highest energy needs per unit of body weight is a

A) 15-year-old boy.
B) 45-year-old man.
C) 75-year-old grandmother.
D) 7-year-old girl.

Question 30

The estimated daily basal metabolic rate for a man who weighs 150 lb is _____ kcal.

A) 1500
B) 1575
C) 1636
D) 1686