Deck 19: Operations Management and Planning

Question 1

The continuous flow system is also known as the job shop system.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

The sociotechnical approach to job design considers the operations of the technological and social systems.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

Site location is needed only when a facility is outgrown.

Answer 3

False

Question 4

The materials used in manufacturing a product have a significant influence on the facility layout.

Question 5

Operations planning is concerned with designing production systems and planning of the day-to-day operations within those systems.

Question 6

The design of any materials-handling system depends on the specifics of the situation.

Question 7

Organizations using an intermittent operating system usually do not keep an inventory of finished products.

Question 8

The design of systems that produce goods or services is a tactical planning issue.

Question 9

Product layouts usually occur in intermittent flow operating systems.

Question 10

The continuous type of operation has relatively large volumes of similar products or services flowing through similar stages of the operating system.

Question 11

The physical work environment like temperature and light generally affect employee performance and safety.

Question 12

The size and shape of the materials used in manufacturing a product do not affect the facilities layout.

Question 13

The production of goods or services often involves a sizable bulk of an organization's personnel and financial assets.

Question 14

Designing jobs involve the use of motion study.

Question 15

The main purpose of job method design is to find the one best way to do a job.

Question 16

Operating systems exist only in a few organizations.

Question 17

Process selection specifies in detail the processes and sequences required to transform inputs into products or services.

Question 18

The sum of all the work tasks the jobholder may be asked to perform is referred to as job content.

Question 19

The overriding objective of process selection is to specify in detail the least economical processes required to convert inputs to service.

Question 20

In a fixed-position layout,the product is too large to move and remains in one place.

Question 21

Resource scarcity has reduced the importance of resource allocation.

Question 22

Aggregate production planning is also referred to as aggregate operations planning.

Question 23

Activity scheduling involves deciding how long a job will take.

Question 24

Which of the following is a characteristic of continuous flow systems?

A) They produce customized products and services.
B) They do not keep an inventory of finished products or offer standardized services.
C) They have relatively large volumes of similar products flowing through similar stages of the operating system.
D) They result in higher unit costs than the intermittent flow systems.
E) They include special-order fabrication shops, hospitals, advertising agencies, and dental offices.

Question 25

The path through the network that has the longest duration is referred to as the critical path.

Question 26

Which of the following statements differentiates continuous flow systems from intermittent flow systems?

A) Continuous flow systems usually result in higher unit costs than the intermittent flow systems.
B) Continuous flow systems usually require general-purpose equipment whereas intermittent flow systems require special-purpose equipment.
C) Continuous flow systems usually require less expensive equipment whereas intermittent systems require more expensive equipment.
D) Continuous flow systems usually require equipment that is less flexible whereas the equipment used for intermittent flow systems is relatively more flexible.
E) Continuous flow systems generally make customized products whereas intermittent flow systems make standardized products.

Question 27

Organizations with a(n)_____ system generally have a standardized product or service.

A) job shop
B) continuous flow
C) intermittent flow
D) autonomous
E) special-order

Question 28

Facilities layout is the process of planning _____.

A) the optimal physical arrangement of facilities
B) the work activities of an individual
C) the method of performing each task
D) the duration of the production or manufacturing process
E) the sequence in which various parts of a product are assembled

Question 29

_____ systems produce customized products and services.

A) Mass production
B) Batch production
C) Series production
D) Continuous flow
E) Intermittent flow

Question 30

Facilities layout decisions are needed for _____.

A) identifying skilled labor
B) marketing of a customized product
C) location of customers
D) identification of competitors
E) development of new or redesigned products or processes

Question 31

_____ specifies in detail the processes and sequences required to transform inputs into products or services.

A) Process selection
B) Facilities layout
C) Materials handling
D) Process layout
E) Site location

Question 32

Computer-aided engineering refers to control of the manufacturing process by computers.

Question 33

_____ integrates all of the planning of the design process into one physical system.

A) Task identity
B) Routing
C) Intermittent flow
D) Facilities layout
E) Job design

Question 34

Resource allocation is the efficient allocation of people and equipment to meet the demand requirements of the operating system.

Question 35

The main feature of the Gantt chart is that it shows work planned and work accomplished in relation to time.

Question 36

CPM and PERT both result in a network representation of a project.

Question 37

Which of the following is a characteristic of intermittent flow systems?

A) They generally have a standardized product or service.
B) The products are often advertised.
C) The products are immediately available to the customers.
D) They have relatively large volumes of similar products in similar stages of the operating system.
E) They usually do not keep an inventory of finished products.

Question 38

Routing looks for the best use of new equipment and personnel through careful assignment of these resources.

Question 39

A continuous flow system usually results in lower unit costs than an intermittent flow system because of _____.

A) unspecialized labor
B) lower equipment use
C) economies of scale
D) customization of products
E) production of a smaller volume of products

Question 40

From a planning perspective,Gantt charts emphasize the element of time by readily pointing out any actual or potential slippages.

Question 41

_____ is generally used when a standardized product is made in large quantities.

A) Functional layout
B) Process layout
C) Product layout
D) Fixed-position layout
E) Intermittent flow layout

Question 42

Which of the following statements indicate that process layout is used in intermittent flow operating systems?

A) It is used when the product or service is not standardized.
B) It is usually used when the volume of similar products or customers at any one time is high.
C) It is used when equipments are arranged according to the progressive steps by which a product is made.
D) It is used when all the equipments necessary to produce a product are located in one area.
E) It is used when workers need to specialize in a small number of simple tasks.

Question 43

Which of the following processes is affected by the quality-of-life factor?

A) Process selection
B) Site selection
C) Materials-handling system
D) Resource allocation
E) Routing

Question 44

Normally,_____ are determined after the basic process and physical layout have been established.

A) job performances
B) job restructures
C) job orientations
D) job standards
E) job methods

Question 45

_____ specifies the work activities of an individual or a group of individuals.

A) Job characteristics
B) Product layout
C) Job specification
D) Job design
E) Process layout

Question 46

The main purpose of _____ design is to find the one best way to do a job.

A) job flow
B) job content
C) job method
D) job interface
E) intermittent flow

Question 47

Which of the following is a disadvantage of process layout?

A) It is not flexible.
B) Employees cannot perform a wider variety of tasks.
C) Employees are likely to get bored more easily.
D) It requires highly-skilled workers.
E) Employee performance is usually low.

Question 48

Which of the following is a disadvantage of product layout?

A) It requires high-skilled labor.
B) It complicates production planning.
C) It is inefficient.
D) It cannot be used when a standardized product is to be made in large quantities.
E) Workers often get bored performing a limited number of repetitive tasks.

Question 49

Ergonomics is the study of _____.

A) the work activities of an individual or a group of individuals
B) the type of work tasks the jobholder is asked to perform
C) the interface between people and machines
D) the relation between the quality-of-life and site location
E) the way in which an individual performs a particular job

Question 50

Which of the following is the sum of all the work tasks the jobholder may be asked to perform?

A) Job order
B) Job content
C) Job method
D) Job variety
E) Job interface

Question 51

Which of the following statements is true about product layout?

A) Equipment or services of a similar functional type are grouped together.
B) It is generally used when a customized product is made in small quantities.
C) All the services necessary to produce a product are located in one area.
D) It complicates production planning.
E) It allows workers to perform a wider variety of tasks.

Question 52

In a _____ layout,equipment or services are arranged according to the progressive steps by which the customer is serviced.

A) product
B) functional
C) matrix
D) process
E) intermittent flow

Question 53

When the product or service is not standardized,a _____ layout is preferred because of its flexibility.

A) product
B) process
C) fixed-position
D) matrix
E) static

Question 54

Which of the following statements is true about site selection?

A) It arises only when a facility is outgrown.
B) It is not of much importance to organizations that come into direct contact with customers.
C) It involves the total production system of the organization.
D) It requires an examination of the location of new facilities only.
E) It is independent of the financial decisions.

Question 55

Process layouts are generally used in _____ flow operating systems.

A) standardized
B) intermittent
C) routing
D) continuous
E) fixed-position

Question 56

How is a product layout different from a process layout?

A) Product layout is usually used in intermittent flow operating systems whereas process layout is used in continuous flow operating systems.
B) Product layout is used when a customized product is made whereas process layout is used when a standardized product is made in large quantities.
C) In product layout, workers perform a wide variety of tasks whereas in process layout they specialize in a small number of simple tasks.
D) Product layout is less flexible than process layout.
E) Product layout requires highly skilled workers whereas process layout does not require high-skilled workers.

Question 57

In a _____ layout,equipment or services of a similar functional type are arranged or grouped together.

A) continuous flow
B) product
C) process
D) fixed-position
E) standardized

Question 58

Manufacturing of very large products,such as ships or airplanes,use a _____ layout.

A) fixed-position
B) product
C) process
D) hybrid
E) matrix

Question 59

Product layouts usually occur in _____ operating systems.

A) intermittent flow
B) continuous flow
C) job shop
D) functional type
E) fixed-position

Question 60

Which of the following is considered a disadvantage of job specialization to management?

A) Low wages due to ease of substitutability of labor
B) Boredom stemming from repetitive nature of work
C) Little opportunity to progress to a better job
D) Limited flexibility to change the production process
E) Little gratification from work itself

Question 61

Which of the following statements best describes autonomy in job design?

A) It refers to the number of different skills an employee needs to perform a job.
B) It refers to the degree to which a job allows an employee to complete an entire task rather than just a part of it.
C) It refers to the level of impact a job has on the whole organization.
D) It refers to the independence employees have to make decisions about how to perform their jobs.
E) It involves the extent to which managers let employees know how they are performing.

Question 62

_____ in job design involves the extent to which managers let employees know how they are performing.

A) Skill variety
B) Task significance
C) Task identity
D) Autonomy
E) Feedback

Question 63

What are operating systems? What are their functions?

Question 64

Task identity refers to _____.

A) the number of different skills an employee needs to perform a job
B) the level of impact a job has on the whole organization
C) the independence employees have to make decisions about how to perform their jobs
D) the degree to which a job allows an employee to complete an entire task
E) the extent to which managers let employees know how they are performing

Question 65

_____ finds the best path and sequence of operations for attaining a desired level of output with a given mix of equipment and personnel.

A) Activity scheduling
B) Resource allocation
C) Job design
D) Routing
E) Ergonomics

Question 66

Discuss the disadvantages of job specialization to labor.

Question 67

_____ develops the precise timetable to be followed in producing a product or service.

A) Routing
B) Resource allocation
C) Job design
D) Activity scheduling
E) Process selection

Question 68

_____ is a planning and control method that is used when the durations of the project activities are not accurately known.

A) Gantt chart method
B) Spanning tree technique
C) Program evaluation and review technique
D) Linear scheduling technique
E) Critical path technique

Question 69

Describe the three phases of job design.

Question 70

Discuss some of the factors that should be considered during product/service design.

Question 71

What are the principles of materials-handling?

Question 72

Discuss the advantages of job specialization to management.

Question 73

Why are facilities layout decisions required?

Question 74

Which of the following best describes computer-aided manufacturing?

A) It refers to engineering analyses performed at a computer terminal with a CAD system.
B) It refers to control of the manufacturing process by computers.
C) It uses computer technology to incorporate all of an organization's manufacturing functions into an integrated computer system.
D) It refers to carrying out all structural or mechanical design processes of a product or component at a specially equipped computer terminal.
E) It links various parts of an organization to achieve rapid response to customer orders.

Question 75

_____ uses computer technology to incorporate all of the organization's production-related functions into an integrated computer system to assist,augment,or automate most operations.

A) Computer-aided design
B) Computer-aided engineering
C) Computer-aided manufacturing
D) Computer-integrated manufacturing
E) Computer-integrated design

Question 76

Differentiate between the network analysis approaches CPM and PERT.

Question 77

Outline some of the options available for expanding capacity when the present facility is overcrowded.

Question 78

_____ uses a product's characteristics from a CAD database to analyze its performance under different parameters.

A) Computerized data recording
B) Computer-aided engineering
C) Computer-aided manufacturing
D) Computer-integrated manufacturing
E) Computer-aided production

Question 79

What is the function of a materials-handling system?

Question 80

_____ refers to the level of impact a job has on the whole organization.

A) Skill variety
B) Task significance
C) Job integrity
D) Autonomy
E) Feedback