Deck 10: Origins and Organization of Jails and Prisons

Question 1

The ___________ is a prison management approach that maintains order by agreement between inmates and staff on the validity of rules.

A)control model
B)responsibility model
C)consensual model
D)therapeutic community model

Answer 1

C

Question 2

Prison facilities that usually have no fences but have locking outside doors and electronic surveillance devices around the perimeter of the institution are at the ___________ level.

A)maximum security
B)medium security
C)minimum security
D)supermaximum security

Answer 2

A

Question 3

A philosophy of imprisonment that promoted repentance through solitary confinement and prevented offenders from being corrupted by mixing with other offenders is called the ___________.

A)Pennsylvania system
B)Auburn system
C)reformatory movement
D)penitentiary movement

Answer 3

A

Question 4

The late-nineteenth-century trend toward use of incarceration to reform through education is called the ___________.

A)Pennsylvania system
B)Auburn system
C)reformatory movement
D)penitentiary movement

Question 5

Maximum security federal correctional institutions are called ___________.

A)penitentiaries
B)correctional institutions
C)metropolitan correctional centers (detention centers)
D)jails

Question 6

The __________ is a prison management approach that gives inmates more autonomy;staff guides prisoners' decision making rather than making all decisions for them.

A)control model
B)responsibility model
C)consensual model
D)therapeutic community model

Question 7

Prisons that have some facilities outside the main enclosure and are surrounded by two rows of chain-link fence,topped with barbed wire are at the __________ level.

A)maximum security
B)medium security
C)minimum security
D)supermaximum security

Question 8

Federal jail facilities for pretrial detention and for those serving short sentences are called __________.

A)penitentiaries
B)correctional institutions
C)metropolitan correctional centers (detention centers)
D)jails

Question 9

The __________ is a prison management approach characterized by strict enforcement of prison rules and few privileges for prisoners.

A)control model
B)responsibility model
C)consensual model
D)therapeutic community model

Question 10

A __________ studies crime,criminals,and criminal behavior;conducts,analyzes,reports,and applies research on crime and social policies relating to crime,teaches courses in college,and provides investigative or forensic or prison support services (e.g. ,research and evaluation).

A)probation officer
B)parole officer
C)corrections officer
D)criminologist

Question 11

Facilities operated by counties and municipalities to hold two main categories of inmates: those awaiting trial and those serving sentences of one year or less are called ___________.

A)penitentiaries
B)correctional institutions
C)metropolitan correctional centers (detention centers)
D)jails

Question 12

A philosophy of imprisonment that emphasized labor and meditation was called the __________.Offenders worked every day,but they did so in complete silence.

A)Pennsylvania system
B)Auburn system
C)reformatory movement
D)penitentiary movement

Question 13

A __________ is a state employee,sometimes with police powers;enforces laws in jails and prisons and transports prisoners.

A)probation officer
B)parole officer
C)corrections officer
D)criminologist

Question 14

Prisons that house dangerous felons and that usually have a wall surrounding the entire facility are at the ___________ level.

A)maximum security
B)medium security
C)minimum security
D)supermaximum security

Question 15

The average felony prison sentence is about __________ years;thus,the majority of offenders ultimately will be released.

A)two
B)five
C)ten
D)fifteen

Question 16

A __________ is a state employee,often with police powers,responsible for supervising offenders after they are released from prison.

A)probation officer
B)parole officer
C)corrections officer
D)criminologist

Question 17

The __________ is a prison drug treatment approach based on the notion that a person's attitudes,values,and self-esteem must change together with the targeted drug use behavior in order to create lasting change.

A)control model
B)responsibility model
C)consensual model
D)therapeutic community model

Question 18

Medium security federal correctional institutions are called __________.

A)penitentiaries
B)correctional institutions
C)metropolitan correctional centers (detention centers)
D)jails

Question 19

A __________ works for the courts of a particular county or city,conducts investigations to assist the judge in sentencing,and supervises and monitors juvenile and adult offenders in the community.

A)probation officer
B)parole officer
C)corrections officer
D)criminologist

Question 20

It is generally agreed that the purpose of imprisonment is to serve as __________ for a crime.

A)punishment
B)restitution
C)reward
D)incentive

Question 21

__________ observers have viewed inmate work favorably,but business people and labor organizations fear competition from cheap prison labor.

A)Almost no
B)A mix of
C)Nearly all
D)Absolutely all

Question 22

The control model is a prison management approach characterized by strict enforcement of prison rules and few privileges for prisoners.

Question 23

Prison work can help inmates learn discipline,accountability,and job skills,and can sometimes enable them to earn money to pay compensation to victims.

Question 24

Maximum security prisons are those that house dangerous felons and that usually have a wall surrounding the entire facility.

Question 25

Minimum security prisons are those that have some facilities outside the main enclosure and are surrounded by two rows of chain-link fence,topped with barbed wire.

Question 26

__________ prisons are run by corporations,which are paid by states or the federal government to house offenders.

A)State
B)Federal
C)Private
D)Military

Question 27

Medium security prisons are facilities that usually have no fences but have locking outside doors and electronic surveillance devices around the perimeter of the institution.

Question 28

Penitentiaries are maximum security federal correctional institutions.

Question 29

The responsibility model is a prison management approach that maintains order by agreement between inmates and staff on the validity of rules.

Question 30

The therapeutic community model is a prison drug treatment approach based on the notion that a person's attitudes,values,and self-esteem must change together with the targeted drug use behavior in order to create lasting change.

Question 31

Before the invention of the prison,__________ was the primary method of punishment of criminals.

A)corporal punishment
B)parole
C)capital punishment
D)probation

Question 32

The Pennsylvania system is a philosophy of imprisonment that emphasized labor and meditation.In this system,offenders worked every day,but they did so in complete silence.

Question 33

The __________system is a philosophy of imprisonment that promoted repentance through solitary confinement and prevented offenders from being corrupted by mixing with other offenders.

Question 34

The reformatory movement was a late-nineteenth-century trend toward use of incarceration to reform through education.

Question 35

Correctional institutions are medium security federal correctional institutions.

Question 36

The consensual model is a prison management approach that gives inmates more autonomy;staff guides prisoners' decision making rather than making all decisions for them.

Question 37

The Auburn system is a philosophy of imprisonment that promoted repentance through solitary confinement and prevented offenders from being corrupted by mixing with other offenders.

Question 38

Prison overcrowding is a difficult political issue,because the public demands protection from criminals yet generally is reluctant to approve government spending.

Question 39

Although many people believe that prisons should not only punish offenders but also deter crime,the evidence shows that __________ do/does not prevent offenders from committing further crimes upon release.

A)halfway houses
B)community service
C)imprisonment
D)fines

Question 40

Jails are facilities operated by counties and municipalities to hold two main categories of inmates: those awaiting trial and those serving sentences of one year or less.

Question 41

The backgrounds of inmates reveal many factors found to be correlated with crime,especially educational level,family background,age and race,and drug use.Most people who commit felonies and are sentenced to state prisons are not highly educated.Two-thirds of state prison inmates did not graduate from high school.Of those in jail awaiting trial or serving short sentences,nearly 50 percent did not graduate from high school.Why do you think this is?

Question 42

The __________ model is a prison management approach characterized by strict enforcement of prison rules and few privileges for prisoners.

Question 43

Does the experience of imprisonment deter recidivism,or reoffending upon release? Please explain.

Question 44

The ___________ system is a philosophy of imprisonment that emphasized labor and meditation.Offenders worked every day,but they did so in complete silence.

Question 45

The ___________ model is a prison management approach that gives inmates more autonomy;staff guides prisoners' decision making rather than making all decisions for them.

Question 46

The __________ model is a prison management approach that maintains order by agreement between inmates and staff on the validity of rules.

Question 47

The term __________ refers to repeat offenses by an offender.

Question 48

The number of women incarcerated in state or federal prisons or local jails in the United States has increased significantly.The incarceration of women increased over the last decade from 93,000 over the last decade to 113,000,an increase of 20,000 female inmates.Men still outnumber women in the inmate population by a factor of about 13 to 1,but the gap is narrowing-from 17 to 1 more than a decade ago.What factors do you think play a part in these increasing numbers?

Question 49

__________ security prison facilities usually have no fences but have locking outside doors and electronic surveillance devices around the perimeter of the institution.

Question 50

What is the purpose of imprisonment? Please explain.

Question 51

__________ security prisons house dangerous felons and that usually have a wall surrounding the entire facility.

Question 52

Please list and describe the three models of prison administration.

Question 53

__________ are facilities operated by counties and municipalities to hold two main categories of inmates: those awaiting trial and those serving sentences of one year or less.

Question 54

__________ security prisons have some facilities outside the main enclosure and are surrounded by two rows of chain-link fence,topped with barbed wire;half of all inmates are serving time in these institutions.