Deck 25: Care of Patients With Infection

Question 1

The nurse is caring for a client with a large leg wound that has been slow to heal.Which action by the nurse is most appropriate?

A) Use Contact Precautions when caring for the client.
B) Double-glove when providing wound care.
C) Help the client choose high-protein items at meals.
D) Assess the client's knowledge of causative factors.

Answer 1

Help the client choose high-protein items at meals.

Question 2

The nurse is caring for a client with a suspected infection.Which action by the nurse is most appropriate?

A) Give antibiotics as soon as possible to prevent sepsis.
B) Obtain all required cultures, then administer the antibiotic.
C) Wait for culture results to give the most appropriate antibiotic.
D) Defer cultures unless the client shows signs of drug resistance.

Answer 2

Obtain all required cultures, then administer the antibiotic.

Question 3

Which client does the nurse consider to be at increased risk for infection?

A) Young adult who wears contact lenses
B) Adult with type 1 diabetes mellitus
C) Adult with known hypersensitivity to latex
D) Adolescent using analgesics for migraine headaches

Answer 3

Adult with type 1 diabetes mellitus

Question 4

After an infection control in-service,which statement by the nurse demonstrates an accurate understanding of the mode of transmission of influenza?

A) "I will not develop the infection unless I have physical contact with the client."
B) "I should wear an N95 respirator to provide care for the client with influenza."
C) "I should try to stay at least 3 feet away from the client, if at all possible."
D) "The infection is spread through droplets suspended in the air and inhaled."

Question 5

A client has scabies.In addition to Standard Precautions,which information is most important to communicate to visitors and health care providers?

A) Do not allow children to visit.
B) Wear gloves when entering the room.
C) Wear a mask when within 3 feet of the client.
D) Keep head covered when providing care.

Question 6

A client is being treated at home for vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE).The client and the family are worried about spreading the infection.Which action by the nurse is best?

A) Instruct the client to use a separate bathroom.
B) Encourage the family to stay 3 feet away from the client.
C) Tell the client to cough into tissues and dispose of them immediately.
D) Teach the family ways to increase their immune system functioning.

Question 7

While sponging a client who has a high fever,the nurse observes the client shivering.Which is the nurse's priority action?

A) Administering oral acetaminophen
B) Placing a heated blanket on the client
C) Stopping sponging the client
D) Warming up the water and continuing sponging

Question 8

A client comes to the emergency department with a fever,diarrhea,and general malaise.Which information obtained during assessment does the nurse communicate immediately to the health care provider?

A) Blood pressure of 110/90 mm Hg
B) Allergy to aspirin
C) The client having just returned from a 14-day trip to Asia
D) A blood transfusion 12 years ago

Question 9

A client and his family are waiting for the results of clinical tests to determine whether the client has an infection.They are becoming anxious.What is the most important assessment that the nurse should make of the client and family members?

A) Understanding of insurance reimbursement for testing
B) Use of appropriate coping mechanisms for anxiety
C) Understanding of the infectious disease process
D) Understanding of the diagnostic procedures

Question 10

Before discharge,the nurse confirms that the client understands antibiotic therapy for a wound infection by which statement?

A) "I should take the antibiotic until my temperature is normal."
B) "If my temperature elevates, I should increase my dose of antibiotic."
C) "If my drainage is clear, I do not need the antibiotic."
D) "I need to take the medication until the prescription is finished."

Question 11

A client has been admitted for the second time to treat tuberculosis (TB).Which referral does the nurse initiate as a priority?

A) Social worker to see if the client can afford the medications
B) Visiting nurses to arrange directly observed therapy on dismissal
C) Psychiatric nurse liaison to assess reasons for noncompliance
D) Infection control nurse to arrange testing for drug resistance

Question 12

An older adult client is admitted with an infection.On assessment,the nurse finds the client slightly confused.Vital signs are as follows: temperature 99.2° F (37.3° C),blood pressure 100/60 mm Hg,pulse 100,and respiratory rate 20.Which action by the nurse is most appropriate?

A) Perform a Mini-Mental Status Examination.
B) Assess the client for other signs of infection.
C) Document the findings and continue to monitor.
D) Assess the client's pain level and treat if needed.

Question 13

The nurse is preparing to administer a prescribed IV antibiotic to a client admitted with a serious infection.Which action by the nurse is most important?

A) Check the IV for patency.
B) Assess the client for allergies.
C) Double check the "five rights."
D) Teach the client about the drug.

Question 14

A client has been admitted with suspected Clostridium difficile infection.Which medication does the nurse plan to administer as a priority?

A) Metronidazole (Flagyl)
B) Acetaminophen (Tylenol)
C) Tetracycline (Sumycin)
D) Doxycycline (Vibramycin)

Question 15

A client is being treated with acetaminophen (Tylenol).Which assessment finding is most likely to occur after a dose of the medication?

A) A febrile seizure
B) Nausea and vomiting
C) Episodes of sweating
D) Syncope

Question 16

The nurse reviews laboratory results for a client and notes that the erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR)is 32 mm/hr.What action by the nurse is best?

A) Document the findings and call the health care provider.
B) Assess the client for any manifestations of infection or inflammation.
C) Review the client's chart to see what medications have been given.
D) Call the physician and request blood cultures and a chest x-ray.

Question 17

The new nurse is caring for a client with a high temperature.Which action by the nurse warrants intervention by the new nurse's preceptor?

A) Sponging the client while monitoring for shivering
B) Applying cool packs to the client's axillae and groin
C) Monitoring the client's temperature more often than ordered
D) Obtaining a fan from central supply for the client's room

Question 18

The nurse is assigned to work with a new nursing assistant.Which action by the nursing assistant requires intervention by the registered nurse?

A) Using an alcohol-based hand rub after caring for a client with diarrhea
B) Washing hands for 20 seconds using warm water and friction
C) Cleaning especially carefully under fingernails and around a wedding band
D) Using chlorhexidine for handwashing when caring for clients on neutropenic precautions

Question 19

The nurse works in a long-term care facility.Which resident does the nurse assess most carefully for manifestations of infection?

A) Resident who has long-standing dementia
B) Resident with incontinence
C) Resident who eats a lot of sweets and little protein
D) Resident whose family won't allow an influenza vaccination

Question 20

The nurse is told that a client with measles is being admitted.Which action by the nurse is best?

A) Implement Contact Precautions.
B) Check negative airflow monitors.
C) Ensure that hand sanitizer is readily available.
D) Place the client in a room with another measles client.

Question 21

A client is admitted with infection and a high fever.Which assessments by the nurse take priority?

A) Blood pressure
B) Mental status
C) Pulse quality
D) Respiratory effort
E) Skin turgor
F) Bowel sounds

Question 22

A client is diagnosed with varicella (chickenpox).The nurse places the client on which precautions?

A) Airborne
B) Standard
C) Contact
D) Droplet

Question 23

The nurse is assessing a client's skin for local signs of infection.Which signs does the nurse assess for?

A) Fever
B) Redness
C) Warmth
D) Pain
E) Swelling
F) Increased erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR)