Deck 5: Central and Peripheral Nervous Systems

Question 1

In the parasympathetic branch of the nervous system,what name is given to the neurotransmitter that conducts nerve transmission at the ganglionic site?

A)Cholinesterase
B)Acetylcholine
C)Epinephrine
D)Norepinephrine

Answer 1

Acetylcholine

Question 2

A patient is experiencing changes in heart rate and pupillary response to light.What division of the nervous system is responsible for these changes?

A)Central nervous system
B)Somatic neurons
C)Sensory neurons
D)Autonomic nervous system

Answer 2

Autonomic nervous system

Question 3

Epinephrine stimulates which of the following receptor sites?

A)α
B)β₁
C)β₂
D)All of the above

Answer 3

All of the above

Question 4

A parasympathetic effect is generally the same as which of the following?

A)Antimuscarinic effect
B)Muscarinic effect
C)Parasympatholytic effect
D)Anticholinergic effect

Question 5

After administering a sympathomimetic drug to your patient,in what areas would you expect to see an upward trend?
1)Heart rate
2)Blood pressure
3)Blood glucose

A)1 only
B)1 and 2 only
C)1 and 3 only
D)1,2,and 3

Question 6

How is the neurotransmitter acetylcholine inactivated at the parasympathetic terminal receptor site?

A)By the enzyme catechol O-methyltransferase (COMT)
B)By the reuptake process
C)By the enzyme cholinesterase
D)By the enzyme monoamine oxidase (MAO)

Question 7

As a practitioner,you would expect which parts of the physical examination to be affected by a dose of atropine or other parasympatholytic agent?

A)Gastrointestinal examination
B)Neurologic examination
C)Cardiac examination
D)All of the above

Question 8

Following administration of a dose of atropine to your patient,which of the following effects are not likely to occur?

A)Dry mouth
B)Decreased mucus production
C)Bronchial constriction
D)Increased heart rate

Question 9

Which of the following drugs are sympathomimetic agents?
1)Salmeterol
2)Dopamine
3)Labetalol
4)Propranolol

A)1 and 2 only
B)2 and 3 only
C)1,2,and 4 only
D)1,2,3,and 4

Question 10

What is the adrenergic effect on bronchial smooth muscle?

A)Constriction
B)Dilation (relaxation)
C)Both
D)Neither

Question 11

Your patient has bradycardia.Which type of drug do you recommend?

A)Sympatholytic
B)Sympathomimetic
C)Parasympathomimetic
D)Both A and C

Question 12

A direct-acting cholinergic agent often used in bronchial challenge tests to assess the degree of airway activity is

A)edrophonium.
B)methacholine.
C)neostigmine.
D)phospholine.

Question 13

The somatic portion of the nervous system controls which of the following?

A)Heart muscle
B)Glandular secretion
C)Skeletal muscle
D)Smooth airway muscle

Question 14

Your patient is accidentally given a large dose of a parasympathomimetic drug.What side effects of parasympathetic overstimulation do you expect to see?
1)Salivation
2)Lacrimation
3)Urination
4)Defecation

A)1 only
B)1 and 2 only
C)1,2,and 3 only
D)1,2,3,and 4

Question 15

You are treating an asthmatic who also happens to be taking propranolol (a $\beta$ blocker)for a history of cardiac arrhythmias.What type of effect would you expect albuterol to have on this patient?

A)Antagonistic effect
B)Synergistic effect
C)Little or no effect
D)Additive effect

Question 16

You are treating a patient for bronchospasm.Albuterol (an adrenergic bronchodilator)is the only aerosolized agent being administered at this time.What other type of aerosolized drug might you recommend?

A)Anticholinergic bronchodilator
B)Sympatholytic
C)Both A and B
D)Neither A nor B

Question 17

The peripheral nervous system consists of which of the following?
1)Spinal cord
2)Autonomic nervous system
3)Brain
4)Somatic portion

A)1 only
B)2 and 4 only
C)1 and 3 only
D)1,2,3,and 4

Question 18

The stimulation of which receptor sites produces bronchial smooth muscle relaxation?

A) β₁
B) β₂
C) α
D) β₁ and β₂

Question 19

Which type of impulse travels from the brain to the neuroeffector sites?

A)Afferent
B)Reflex
C)Ganglionic
D)Efferent

Question 20

You administer an inhaled bronchodilator that is known to have adrenergic side effects.What cardiovascular clinical effect should you watch for in your patient?

A)Bradycardia
B)Tachycardia
C)Bradypnea
D)Tachypnea

Question 21

Agents causing stimulation of the parasympathetic nervous system are

A)cholinergic.
B)anticholinergic.
C)adrenergic.
D)parasympathomimetic.

Question 22

Nicotine is capable of stimulating

A)sympathetic receptors only.
B)parasympathetic autonomic cholinergic receptors only.
C)both sympathetic and parasympathetic autonomic cholinergic receptors.
D)neither sympathetic nor parasympathetic autonomic cholinergic receptors.

Question 23

Agents blocking or inhibiting the effects of the parasympathetic nervous system are

A)cholinergic.
B)parasympatholytic.
C)adrenergic.
D)parasympathomimetic.

Question 24

Agents causing stimulation of the sympathetic nervous system are

A)adrenergic.
B)parasympathomimetic.
C)parasympatholytic.
D)sympathomimetic.

Question 25

The neurotransmitter norepinephrine is terminated by the enzymes __________ and __________.

A)catechol O-methyltransferase (COMT)and monoamine oxidase (MAO)
B)catechol O-methyltransferase (COMT)and cholinesterase
C)cholinesterase and monoamine oxidase (MAO)
D)monoamine oxidase (MAO)and pseudocholinesterase

Question 26

M3 receptors are present on which of the following?

A)Heart,postganglionic parasympathetic nerves
B)Parasympathetic ganglia,nasal submucosal glands
C)Airway smooth muscle,submucosal glands
D)Postganglionic cholinergic nerves,possible effect on CNS

Question 27

An indirect-acting cholinergic agent used in the Tensilon test is

A)edrophonium.
B)methacholine.
C)neostigmine.
D)phospholine.

Question 28

Which portion of the nervous system is manipulated by neuromuscular blocking agents,to induce paralysis in surgical procedures or during mechanical ventilation?

A)The parasympathetic branch of the autonomic nervous branch
B)The somatic portions of the motor branch
C)The sensory branch of the peripheral nervous system
D)The spinal cord

Question 29

M2 receptors are present on which of the following?

A)Heart,postganglionic parasympathetic nerves
B)Parasympathetic ganglia,nasal submucosal glands
C)Airway smooth muscle,submucosal glands
D)Postganglionic cholinergic nerves,possible effect on CNS

Question 30

M₁ receptors are present on which of the following?

A)Heart,postganglionic parasympathetic nerves
B)Parasympathetic ganglia,nasal submucosal glands
C)Airway smooth muscle,submucosal glands
D)Postganglionic cholinergic nerves,possible effect on CNS

Question 31

Drugs that stimulate a receptor for norepinephrine or epinephrine are

A)adrenergic.
B)parasympathomimetic.
C)parasympatholytic.
D)sympathomimetic.

Question 32

A drug causing stimulation of a receptor for acetylcholine is

A)cholinergic.
B)anticholinergic.
C)adrenergic.
D)parasympathomimetic.

Question 33

You are treating a patient for motion sickness with the drug dimenhydrinate (Dramamine).What possible side effect may the patient experience when taking this drug?

A)Tachycardia
B)Insomnia
C)Dry mouth
D)None of the above

Question 34

Branches of the nervous system,which can cause relaxation of airway smooth muscle,include which of the following?
1)Sympathetic nerves
2)Parasympathetic nerves
3)Nonadrenergic,noncholinergic (NANC)inhibitory nerves

A)1 only
B)2 only
C)1 and 2 only
D)1,2,and 3

Question 35

Means by which nerve impulses are conducted include which of the following?

A)Electrical
B)Chemical
C)Both A and B
D)Neither A nor B

Question 36

The two major control systems in the body are

A)the brain and spinal cord.
B)the brain and nervous system.
C)the nervous system and the endocrine system.
D)the brain and the endocrine system.

Question 37

Agents blocking or inhibiting the effect of the sympathetic nervous system are

A)anticholinergic.
B)adrenergic.
C)parasympatholytic.
D)sympatholytic.

Question 38

Drugs that block a receptor for acetylcholine are

A)cholinergic.
B)anticholinergic.
C)adrenergic.
D)parasympathomimetic.

Question 39

Muscarinic receptors are found in which of the following?
1)Exocrine glands
2)Cardiac muscle
3)Smooth muscle
4)The gastrointestinal tract

A)1 and 2 only
B)2 and 4 only
C)1,2,and 3 only
D)1,2,3,and 4