Deck 10: Surfactant Agents

Question 1

____________ is not a hazard or complication of exogenous surfactant.

A)Airway occlusion
B)Overoxygenation
C)Tachycardia
D)Pulmonary insult via barotrauma

Answer 1

Tachycardia

Question 2

____________ is not a method to obtain natural surfactant.

A)Amniotic fluid extraction
B)In vitro preparation
C)Human alveolar wash
D)Animal alveolar wash

Answer 2

In vitro preparation

Question 3

As it relates to an alveolus,LaPlace's law is written as

A)pressure = (4 * surface tension)/radius
B)dyn/cm
C)pressure = surface tension/radius
D)pressure = (2 * surface tension)/radius

Answer 3

pressure = (2 * surface tension)/radius

Question 4

Another name for surface-active agents is

A)mucolytic.
B)detergent.
C)bronchodilator.
D)antibiotic.

Question 5

__________ is a synthetic surfactant recently approved by the FDA for use in infants at risk for RDS.

A)Beractant
B)Calfactant
C)Lucinactant
D)Poractant alfa

Question 6

Which of the following are natural surfactant preparations?
1)Surfaxin
2)Curosurf
3)Survanta
4)Infasurf

A)1 and 2 only
B)2 and 3 only
C)3 and 4 only
D)2,3,and 4

Question 7

Surfactant is primarily composed of

A)proteins.
B)phospholipids.
C)neutral lipids.
D)water.

Question 8

Surfactant is stored in

A)alveoli.
B)type II alveolar cells.
C)lamellar bodies.
D)lipids.

Question 9

A key feature of surfactant production is

A)the recycling activity.
B)to mature lungs immediately.
C)to break up lung secretions.
D)to relax bronchial smooth muscle.

Question 10

Which of the following are currently used methods for delivering surfactant into infants?
1)Instillation through side-port adapter
2)Instillation through catheter
3)Nebulization
4)Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO)

A)1 and 2 only
B)1 and 3 only
C)1,2,and 3 only
D)1,2,3,and 4

Question 11

You are assessing a 36-week gestational age newborn immediately after birth.The newborn weighs 2200g.On assessment,you find the newborn has good color,no retractions,no nasal flaring,respiratory rate of 25 breaths/min,heart rate of 110 beats/min,and pulse oximetry of 96% on room air.Which of the following would you choose?

A)Calfactant
B)Albuterol
C)Beractant
D)No indication for drug therapy at this time

Question 12

The term used to describe surfactant produced outside of the patient's body is

A)endogenous.
B)exogenous.
C)natural.
D)bovine.

Question 13

A newborn weighing 1000 g exhibits symptoms of respiratory distress syndrome (RDS),including poor color,suprasternal retractions,nasal flaring,and desaturation.The respiratory therapist should recommend

A)Ipratropium bromide.
B)Poractant alfa.
C)Salmeterol.
D)Dornase alfa.

Question 14

The major stimulus for secretion of surfactant into the alveolus is

A)lung inflation.
B)lung deflation.
C)cough.
D)infection.

Question 15

Which of the following is considered the mode of action for surfactant?

A)To replace missing surfactant
B)To accelerate lung maturity
C)To emulsify lung secretions
D)To relax bronchial smooth muscle

Question 16

Which of the following are approved indications for surfactant therapy?
1)Prophylaxis of respiratory distress syndrome (RDS)in infants with very low birth weight (<1250 g)
2)Prophylaxis of RDS in infants with higher birth weight (>1250 g)but with immature lungs
3)Rescue treatment in infants with RDS
4)Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)in adults

A)1 and 2 only
B)1 and 3 only
C)1,2,and 3 only
D)1,2,3,and 4

Question 17

You are assessing a 26-week gestational age newborn immediately after birth.The newborn weighs 1200g.On assessment,you find the newborn has poor color,substernal retractions,nasal flaring,respiratory rate of 45 breaths/min,and heart rate of 140 beats/min.You note that it is difficult to ventilate the newborn with the bag mask.Which of the following agents would you recommend?

A)Cromolyn sodium
B)Albuterol
C)Beractant
D)Solu-Medrol

Question 18

Endogenous surfactant is produced by

A)alveolar type II cells.
B)goblet cells.
C)alveolar type I cells.
D)macrophages.

Question 19

Lack of pulmonary surfactant in respiratory distress syndrome (RDS)of the newborn typically results in

A)high surface tension.
B)low surface tension.
C)no effect on surface tension.
D)increased compliance.

Question 20

What is the typical method of administering exogenous surfactant to infants?

A)Direct instillation to the airway
B)Nebulization
C)Intravenously
D)Rectal suppository

Question 21

Which of the following is the trade name for the generic exogenous surfactant preparation lucinactant?

A)Infasurf
B)Surfaxin
C)Curosurf
D)Survanta

Question 22

You are called to the room of a 28-week gestational age newborn boy who was placed on pressure-limited mechanical ventilation and given surfactant therapy 2 hours ago.He is hypocapnic,and his tidal volumes are higher than were previously documented.What may be the cause of this finding?

A)Airway occlusion
B)Overoxygenation
C)Lung compliance has improved
D)He needs another dose of surfactant

Question 23

Which of the following is the trade name for the generic exogenous surfactant preparation calfactant?

A)Infasurf
B)Surfaxin
C)Curosurf
D)Survanta

Question 24

Which of the following is the trade name for the generic exogenous surfactant preparation poractant alfa?

A)Infasurf
B)Surfaxin
C)Curosurf
D)Survanta

Question 25

Which of the following is the trade name for the generic exogenous surfactant preparation beractant?

A)Infasurf
B)Surfaxin
C)Curosurf
D)Survanta