Deck 7: The Leukocyte

Question 1

Which of the following terms is used to describe an absolute increase in the number of lymphocytes?

A)Neutropenia
B)Eosinophilia
C)Leukocytosis
D)Lymphocytosis

Answer 1

Lymphocytosis

Question 2

Which cell line is the first line of defense against helminth infections?

A)Neutrophil
B)Lymphocyte
C)Monocyte
D)Eosinophil

Answer 2

Eosinophil

Question 3

Which cell line does NOT have a large reserve pool in the marrow?

A)Granulocytic
B)Eosinophilic
C)Monocytic
D)Lymphocytic

Answer 3

Monocytic

Question 4

Leukocyte surface markers identify cell lineage, and are helpful in differentiating neoplastic hematologic disorders.What is one method used to identify these surface markers?

A)Chamber counts
B)Leukocyte differential
C)Cytogenetic methods
D)Flow cytometry

Question 5

A blood sample from a 5-month-old infant indicates a WBC count of 12.5 x 109/L with 65% lymphocytes.What can you conclude from this?

A)The infant is normal.
B)The infant has an infection, as indicated by the elevated WBC count.
C)The infant has a malignancy in the lymphocyte lineage.
D)There is not enough information to draw accurate conclusions.

Question 6

T, B, and NK lymphocytes can be differentiated by:

A)Morphology.
B)Flow cytometry.
C)Cytochemistry.
D)Cytogenetic karyotype.

Question 7

An instrument printout shows a WBC count of 4.5 x 109/L with 75% neutrophils.What is the absolute neutrophil count?

A)1.9 x 109/L
B)3.8 x 109/L
C)3.4 x 109/L
D)4.5 x 109/L

Question 8

All of the following are included in the kill mechanism of neutrophils except:

A)Chemoattraction of neutrophils to infectious agent.
B)Diapedesis of neutrophils from blood into tissues.
C)The formation of the phagolysosome by the neutrophil.
D)The presentation of infectious agent to monocyte for phagocytosis.

Question 9

A blood sample from a 40-year-old white female has a WBC count of 10.2 x 109/L and a lymphocyte percentage of 47%.What can be concluded from this?

A)The patient has both a relative and an absolute lymphocytosis.
B)The patient has only a relative lymphocytosis.
C)The patient has only an absolute lymphocytosis.
D)The relative and absolute counts are normal.

Question 10

An instrument printout shows a normal WBC count with a lymphocyte count of 30%.What can be concluded from this?

A)The patient is suffering from an infection.
B)There is a normal lymphocyte concentration.
C)The patient is an infant.
D)The patient has leukemia.

Question 11

What stage of neutrophil maturation is described by the following: 20 μm in size, round nucleus with lacey chromatin and several nucleoli, deep blue cytoplasm with large bluish-purple granules.

A)Promyelocyte
B)Metamyelocyte
C)Band neutrophil
D)Myelocyte

Question 12

Which of the following states are associated with an increased leukocyte concentration?

A)Birth, pregnancy, infection
B)Older adults and at birth
C)Older adults and pregnancy
D)Tissue necrosis and whole body irradiation

Question 13

Which cell line matures and differentiates upon exposure to antigen?

A)Neutrophilic
B)Basophilic
C)Monocytic
D)Lymphocytic

Question 14

Reactive lymphocytes differ from normal lymphocytes in that the reactive form:

A)Is larger with an increase in basophilic cytoplasm, vacuoles and scalloped cell shape.
B)Has a condensed nuclear pattern with light pink cytoplasm.
C)Has many granules, deep basophilic cytoplasm and blast-like nucleus.
D)Has a condensed nuclear chromatin, eccentric nucleus and deep blue cytoplasm.

Question 15

The identity of immunoglobulins is determined by:

A)The number of B cells containing the antibody.
B)The complexity of the antibody.
C)The isotype of the heavy chain.
D)The specificity of the variable region.

Question 16

The basophil is the least plentiful cell found in the peripheral blood.What can it indicate when it is increased in the blood?

A)Infection
B)Malignancy
C)Inflammation
D)Allergic reaction

Question 17

The life span of the neutrophil is spent in three compartments.Which compartment is the primary site of host defense?

A)Bone marrow
B)Liver
C)Thymus
D)Tissues

Question 18

All of the following can cause a leukocytosis except:

A)Malignancy.
B)Viral infection.
C)Exposure to radiation.
D)Immune responses.

Question 19

Absolute cell count calculation adjusts for what variation(s)?

A)Total WBC count
B)Differential count
C)Total WBC and differential counts
D)Total lymphocyte counts

Question 20

All of the following precursors are found in the mitotic pool except:

A)Promyelocyte.
B)Myeloblast.
C)Metamyelocyte.
D)Myelocyte.

Question 21

Natural killer cells recognize and kill antigens with attached IgG.This mechanism is described as:

A)Phagocytosis.
B)Cyanosis.
C)Antibody-dependent cellular activity.
D)Innate immune response.

Question 22

What cell lineage is characterized by the presence of CD14 on its surface?

A)Neutrophilic
B)Eosinophilic
C)Monocytic
D)Lymphocytic

Question 23

Phagocytosis consumes a large amount of energy provided by what processes?

A)Diapedesis
B)Erythrophagocytosis
C)Innate immune response
D)Aerobic and/or anaerobic glycolysis

Question 24

The lymphoid progenitor that gives rise to T, B, and NK lymphocytes is recognized as which of the following?

A)CFU_GM
B)CLP
C)CMP
D)CFU-T

Question 25

What are three defining characteristics that would help the laboratory professional differentiate between a blast and an activated lymphocyte?

Question 26

The process by which neutrophils migrate through the VEC into the tissues is known as:

A)Chemotaxis.
B)Opsonization.
C)Diapedesis.
D)Phagocytosis.

Question 27

List and explain the four phases of neutrophil kill function.

Question 28

The commitment of a lymphocyte precursor cell to a T-lymphocyte can be defined based on:

A)Rearrangement of the gene loci for the TCR.
B)Rearrangement of the immunoglobulin gene.
C)Presence of CD 19 and CD 10 by flow cytometry.
D)Presence of TdT.

Question 29

What cell has CD8 on its surface?

A)T helper cell
B)B cell
C)Macrophage
D)Cytotoxic T cell

Question 30

A 15-year-old boy sees his physician because of a prolonged fever and swollen lymph glands.His PB smear shows 20% atypical lymphocytes with a 16 × 109LWBC count.What can you conclude from this?

A)The boy has a genetic lymphocytosis.
B)The boy has leukemia.
C)The boy is healthy.
D)The boy has clinical features of infectious mononucleosis.

Question 31

Which of the following is found on early T cell precursors?

A)CD2
B)CD4
C)CD8
D)CD34

Question 32

Differentiate between absolute and relative concentrations of specific types of leukocytes and give an example of a condition that typically produces abnormal absolute or relative concentrations.

Question 33

Compare and contrast the five isotypes of immunoglobulins.Include structure, function, and leukocyte interaction in your answer.

Question 34

What is the difference between polyclonal antibodies and monoclonal antibodies? List examples of disorders that generate each type of antibody in your answer.

Question 35

A name for a plasma cell containing Russell bodies is:

A)Plasma cell.
B)Flame cell.
C)Mott cell.
D)Dutcher body.

Question 36

A patient with infectious mononucleosis would most likely produce which of the following?

A)IgD antibodies
B)Polyclonal antibodies
C)Monoclonal antibodies
D)IgE antibodies

Question 37

The induction of activation-dependent adhesion events depends on adhesion molecules and their ligands located on the leukocyte and what other cell?

A)Vascular endothelium cell
B)Adipocyte
C)Macrophage
D)Hepatocyte