Deck 4: Aging and Ethnicity

Question 1

Stefano's grandparents came to Canada in the later 1940s.They still refer to themselves as simply "Italians who live in Canada," but Stefano,who is 33 years old and was born in Canada,views his ethnicity differently,even though he still holds a strong affinity for his Italian heritage while loving his birthplace.How would Stefano likely identify himself?

A) as Canadian only
B) as Italian only
C) as Canadian-Italian
D) as Italian-Canadian

Answer 1

C

Question 2

Which of the following ethnicities tends to live with their families?

A) German
B) Asian
C) Indian
D) Italian

Answer 2

B

Question 3

Which of the following individuals would be classified as a visible minority in Canada?

A) Julia, an Italian female
B) Haruto, a Japanese male
C) Igor, a Russian male
D) Makawee, an Aboriginal female

Answer 3

B

Question 4

An older Polish woman who immigrated to Canada experienced several challenges,such as being an ethnic minority,being female,and being at an advanced age.Which of the aging and ethnicity theories would apply to this woman's situation?

A) multiple jeopardy theory
B) life course perspective theory
C) ethnicity theory
D) buffering theory

Question 5

In 2006,what percentage of Canadians identified themselves as being members of a visible minority?

A) 7%
B) 9%
C) 15%
D) 23%

Question 6

In 2006,from where did most foreign-born seniors in Canada originate?

A) Europe
B) Asia
C) Africa
D) the Middle East

Question 7

Which of the following cultures emphasizes familistic cultural values?

A) Greek
B) South Asian
C) Iranian
D) Portuguese

Question 8

In 2006,which of the following Canadian cities had 60% of its senior population classified as foreign-born?

A) Toronto
B) Vancouver
C) Montreal
D) Halifax

Question 9

Which of the following methods describes how seniors tend to view their lives in Canada?

A) through their immigration experiences
B) through their financial security
C) through their ethnicity and cultural backgrounds
D) through their religious beliefs

Question 10

When compared to other cultures,why are older Chinese adults more satisfied and considered to be well during their later years of life?

A) Because they are surrounded by family and friends
B) Because they are wealthy
C) Because they are treasured and are seen as important in their culture
D) Because they have a strong set of morals and beliefs

Question 11

According to the text,where do most Egyptians spend their later years of life?

A) living with their families
B) maintaining their independence
C) living in nursing homes
D) living in hospitals

Question 12

Which Eastern Canadian city boasts the highest number of foreign-born seniors from Europe?

A) St. John's
B) Montreal
C) Halifax
D) Toronto

Question 13

Which of the theories on ethnicity and aging examines such factors as age cohorts among minority group members and cultural subgroups within a minority group?

A) ethnicity theory
B) life course perspective theory
C) buffering theory
D) multiple jeopardy theory

Question 14

Which of the following research methods is typically used when studying the multiple jeopardy theory of ethnicity and aging?

A) longitudinal
B) observational
C) structured interview
D) cross-sectional

Question 15

Which of the following theories states that old age can add to the disadvantages of such factors as class and gender?

A) buffering theory
B) ethnicity theory
C) multiple jeopardy theory
D) life course perspective theory

Question 16

Which of the following countries places a strong emphasis upon respecting the contributions of elders and older adults?

A) Greece
B) Afghanistan
C) China
D) Thailand

Question 17

In 2006,94% of seniors from Europe had arrived in Canada over 25 years ago.What percentage of Asians or Middle Easterners came to Canada during that same time frame?

A) 22%
B) 34%
C) 39%
D) 47%

Question 18

While life has not always been easy,Mrs.Johnston has had a good job with a pension and benefits,and she has several investments she can cash in now to support her income in her retirement.What type of effect do advantages and disadvantages over the course of a person's life have upon that individual?

A) a positive effect
B) an apathetic effect
C) a negative effect
D) a magnifying effect

Question 19

Which of the following cultures emphasizes more individualistic cultural values?

A) Chinese
B) French
C) Italian
D) German

Question 20

Vito and Sofia are recent Italian immigrants to Canada.Both of them are in their early 60s.To what benefit will Vito and Sofia have little access as a result of their recent immigration?

A) old age security
B) healthcare
C) a social insurance number
D) a passport

Question 21

Which age group of visible minority status will grow proportionately at two-and-a-half times between 2006 and 2031 in Canada?

A) 18 to 33 year olds
B) 34 to 44 year olds
C) 45 to 64 year olds
D) 65 to 85 year olds

Question 22

Which of the following components is a key element of filial piety?

A) visiting one's parents on a daily basis
B) individual decision-making
C) maintaining one's independence from one's parents
D) obeying one's parents

Question 23

Aleksander's Polish parents have just moved to Canada.For how many years do Canada's immigration rules require adult children,who sponsor their aging parents,to provide financial support for these parents?

A) 5 years
B) 7 years
C) 10 years
D) 12 years

Question 24

Mr.Lee is an aging Chinese immigrant.How can an ethnic senior citizen such as Mr.Lee still maintain most of his independence while eating the foods from his own culture?

A) by relying on his children to bring him meals
B) by relying on the government to provide a subsidy for ethnic food purchases
C) by becoming involved with ethnic Meals on Wheels programs
D) by hiring a personal chef or cook

Question 25

Which of the following services has been ethnically adapted to suit a diverse,multicultural senior population,and allows these older individuals to remain independent?

A) foot care clinics
B) home physician visits
C) home physiotherapy visits
D) Meals on Wheels

Question 26

According to Ng,Northcott and Abu-Laban (2007),what percentage of recent senior immigrants drive their own cars?

A) 2%
B) 4%
C) 8%
D) 10%

Question 27

According to Statistics Canada estimates,what percentage of the Canadian population seems likely to be seniors who are from visible minorities in the year 2031?

A) 18%
B) 14%
C) 9%
D) 6%

Question 28

According to Chappell and Kusch (2007),approximately what percentage of Chinese-Canadians aged 55 and older lived with their children?

A) 1/4
B) 1/2
C) 2/3
D) 3/4

Question 29

Which of the following lists of Canadian communities are in the process of establishing a South Asian variation of the Meals on Wheels program for Punjabi seniors?

A) Brampton, Mississauga, and Malton
B) Quebec City, Montreal, and Ville-Marie
C) Vancouver, Victoria, and Burnaby
D) Toronto, Scarborough, and Milton

Question 30

As compared with their Canadian-born counterparts,what service do immigrant seniors rely on their family for more often?

A) transportation
B) access to healthcare
C) a local church or place of worship
D) learning English

Question 31

How do South Asian seniors who have immigrated to Canada at older ages deal with their ethnic identity?

A) They choose their new Canadian ethnic identity but maintain some cultural traditions.
B) They renounce their ethnic identity altogether.
C) They tend to retain their ethnic identity.
D) They develop a bicultural identity.

Question 32

Maryam and Rashid feel that their adult children have forgotten their traditional cultural holidays because they no longer celebrate these occasions in Canada.Which of the following groups of immigrant Canadians felt that "their children are losing their cultural values and identity?"

A) Iraqi-Canadians
B) Egyptian-Canadians
C) Iranian-Canadians
D) Pakistani-Canadians

Question 33

Luigi and Lucia are an elderly couple who reside in Little Italy in Toronto.Which of the following is a benefit of a cultural enclave with institutional completeness?

A) Seniors are always safe and cared for.
B) Prices for foodstuffs are lower.
C) Seniors can maintain their language and customs.
D) Law and order is maintained within the cultural enclave.

Question 34

According to Novik's 2010 study of Ukrainian-Canadian women,how do these immigrants define their lives?

A) by their caregiving roles within the family
B) by their social status within their own communities
C) by their wealth and profession
D) by their subordination in a traditional male-dominated culture

Question 35

According to Migliore and Dorazio-Migliore (2010),what type of living arrangements do most Italian-Canadian seniors wish to have as they age?

A) They wish to live independently.
B) They wish to live in nursing homes.
C) They wish to live in an assisted living retirement complex.
D) They wish to live with their children.

Question 36

Which of the following disadvantages do recent immigrant seniors face in older age?

A) social disadvantages
B) political disadvantages
C) healthcare disadvantages
D) economic disadvantages

Question 37

Which group of ethnic Canadian citizens prefers to be institutionalized rather than live with their adult children?

A) Indian Canadians
B) Asian Canadians
C) Euro Canadians
D) French Canadians

Question 38

According to Ng and Northcott (2010a),those immigrants to Canada who identified themselves as "equally South Asian and Canadian" or more Canadian than South Asian possess which important skill?

A) trade skills
B) technical (IT) skills
C) English language skills
D) driving skills

Question 39

According to Shankar (2009),what type of life did older Fijian grandmothers live when they moved to Canada?

A) a less isolated life
B) a more isolated life
C) a more economically stable life
D) a more impoverished life

Question 40

According to Shankar (2009),how do traditional Indo-Fijian women tend to identify themselves?

A) in terms of their ability to have children
B) in terms of their relationships with other females
C) in terms of their relationships with males
D) in terms of their ability to earn a large sum of money

Question 41

According to Lai and Surood (2008),at least what percentage of older South Asian immigrants living in Calgary exhibited at least a mild degree of depression?

A) 12%
B) 18%
C) 20%
D) 28%

Question 42

According to Hoffman-Goetz and Friedman (2007),what method do many Canadian Aboriginal persons use to obtain information regarding specific illness and healthcare options?

A) television
B) Internet
C) books and magazines
D) friends

Question 43

According to Walsh and Hassanali (2010),what typically happens when a Chinese elder experiences abuse?

A) He or she typically suffers in silence.
B) He or she typically tells friends.
C) He or she goes to the doctor.
D) He or she commits suicide.

Question 44

Many recent immigrant seniors who live with family members face challenges.About 10 % of these individuals face which one of the following issues?

A) hunger
B) poverty
C) transportation problems
D) housing issues

Question 45

Jin Li and Tan are a young Asian couple who came to Canada in 2010.What advantage do younger immigrants who have recently arrived in Canada have over their older counterparts?

A) better finances
B) better language skills
C) better employment options
D) better physical health

Question 46

Which of the following statements can be made regarding Chinese immigrants and their healthcare perceptions?

A) They prefer to use only Traditional Chinese Medicine.
B) They do not necessarily share the same health beliefs.
C) They prefer to be treated by only Chinese physicians.
D) They view nutrition as more important than exercise for balance of mind and body.

Question 47

According to Acharya and Northcott (2007),how do most elderly Indo-Canadian women achieve control of their mental distresses?

A) by exercising
B) by staying busy and doing their duties
C) by travelling
D) by taking antidepressant medications

Question 48

According to Lai and Chappell (2007),what percentage of Chinese Canadian immigrants use Traditional Chinese Medicine on an exclusive basis?

A) 1%
B) 3%
C) 5%
D) 7%

Question 49

To whom does the Aboriginal culture typically turn for the responsibility of care to older people?

A) Aboriginal women
B) Aboriginal men
C) doctors
D) naturopaths

Question 50

Which group of Canadian seniors often experiences problems with formal healthcare services?

A) Indo-Canadian
B) Euro-Canadian
C) Chinese Canadian
D) Aboriginal Canadian

Question 51

According to Acharya and Northcott (2007),how do older Indo-Canadian women define culture?

A) as moral medicine
B) as Western medicine
C) as traditional medicine
D) as spiritual medicine

Question 52

According to Lai and Chappell (2007),what percentage of older Chinese Canadian immigrants use a combination of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM)and Western health services?

A) 1/4
B) 1/2
C) 2/3
D) 3/4

Question 53

As a Sikh,Bhupinder believes in the concepts of destiny and luck.What is the term used by Sikhs to describe the concept of destiny or luck?

A) karma
B) sewa
C) kismet
D) karam

Question 54

According to Oliffe and colleagues (2007),how do Sikh men perceive wait times for surgery in Canada?

A) as racist
B) as incompetence
C) as a positive approach to healthcare
D) as equal opportunity for all Canadians

Question 55

According to Crosato and colleagues (2007),which culture allows seniors to choose their own caregivers?

A) Chinese Canadians
B) Euro-Canadians
C) Aboriginal Canadians
D) Indo-Canadians

Question 56

According to Racine (2010),what is the new role of Haitian-Canadian women?

A) They are the religious leaders within the household.
B) They are the primary breadwinners within the household.
C) They are the caregivers within the household.
D) They share the caregiving and breadwinning roles with their spouses.

Question 57

According to Spitzer (2011),what happens to the "healthy immigrant effect" as immigrants grow older in Canada?

A) It decreases.
B) It increases slowly.
C) It increases rapidly
D) It stays the same.

Question 58

According to Lai and Surwood,why do depressed seniors not want to deal with depression?

A) because healthcare is expensive
B) because of the stigma attached to mental illness
C) because they are too busy
D) because depression is a sign of weakness in older people

Question 59

Atepa is a traditional native healer and uses a tool within Aboriginal culture that is considered to be central to traditional healing.What is the name of this tool?

A) Canada's Food Guide
B) the Medicine Wheel
C) the use of Aboriginal spirits and healers
D) the sweat lodge

Question 60

Which of the following large Canadian urban areas demonstrates the most ethnic diversity of seniors?

A) Calgary
B) Winnipeg
C) Toronto
D) Halifax

Question 61

Define the terms "minority groups" and "visible minorities." List three examples of each group who reside in Canada.

Question 62

Gerontologists have applied a variety of theories to the study of ethnicity and aging.List the three theories in the text and provide a brief description of each theory.

Question 63

Define the concept of gentrification and provide examples of how it changes a neighbourhood.

Question 64

Interview a senior who immigrated to Canada.What has his or her experience been like? Why did he or she choose Canada? What challenges did he or she face?

Question 65

Research a cultural enclave in a large Canadian city.What are the advantages and disadvantages of living in a cultural enclave?

Question 66

Describe the advantages and disadvantages of ethnic Meals on Wheels programs currently operating in Canada.