Deck 5: Economics of Health Care Delivery

Question 1

Nurses working with aggregates would apply the macroeconomic theory because they are concerned with the:

A) Factors that determine prices and affect resource allocation
B) Positive effect of competitiveness on health care costs
C) Supply, demand, and costs of services available to their clients
D) Policies to support programs to improve the health of the community

Answer 1

Policies to support programs to improve the health of the community

Question 2

Nurses can promote efficiency by:

A) Evaluating how well a program of service achieves what was intended
B) Trying new products provided by sales representatives
C) Using time wisely by delegating non-nursing tasks to unlicensed care providers
D) Setting up a clinic to look aesthetically pleasing to clients

Answer 2

Using time wisely by delegating non-nursing tasks to unlicensed care providers

Question 3

Nurses should be cognizant of microeconomics because:

A) Nurses are often the ones to allocate resources to solve a problem.
B) Nurses are often involved in federal policy making.
C) Nurses should know about microeconomics in order to deliver quality patient care.
D) Health care supplies can be very costly and nurses must use them wisely.

Answer 3

Nurses are often the ones to allocate resources to solve a problem.

Question 4

Which characteristic has the greatest effect on health?

A) Obesity
B) Marital status
C) Health insurance
D) Age

Question 5

Which statement about the Medicare program is accurate?

A) Part A provides coverage for hospitalization.
B) Part A requires payment of a monthly premium for coverage.
C) Part B provides payment for home health services and extended care facilities.
D) Part B is available without cost to all elderly people who have paid social security taxes.

Question 6

Supply and demand is illustrated when:

A) The demand for nurses in public health is low, but the supply is high
B) Few goods or services are available, the price tends to rise
C) Supplies are low, nurses must find alternate resources
D) Lesser-developed countries receive supplies from other countries

Question 7

The first phase of development of the health care system was characterized by:

A) The rise in technology
B) Epidemics of infectious disease, such as typhoid, influenza, and malaria
C) Physicians and nurses who attained their skills in scientifically-based programs
D) An expansion of hospital clinics and long-term care facilities

Question 8

Which is an example of a service offered at the federal government level?

A) Family planning
B) Counseling
C) Policy making
D) Prevention of communicable diseases

Question 9

Which statement regarding poverty and health insurance is true?

A) Millions of people in the United States are without health insurance.
B) The poor in the United States are as healthy as persons with higher incomes.
C) Persons with money or health insurance are less likely to seek health care.
D) The poor are more likely to receive health care through private agencies.

Question 10

An example of a macroeconomics issue faced by nurses is:

A) The evaluation of client access to services
B) A health policy that makes the development of a new program possible
C) Informing clients and others of the cost of service
D) The referral of clients to available services

Question 11

Conducting a class at a public health clinic on breast self-examination to a group of 50 women is an example of:

A) Supply and demand
B) Market
C) Efficiency
D) Effectiveness

Question 12

The allocation of scarce resources within the health care sector and the focus on resource allocation issues related to producing and distributing health care is called:

A) Economics
B) Health economics
C) Economic evaluation of health care
D) Microeconomic theory

Question 13

Which individual would most likely experience a barrier when accessing health care?

A) A 40-year-old female who speaks English
B) A 25-year-old female with health insurance
C) A 50-year-old male with hypertension
D) A 30-year-old male who is unemployed

Question 14

Implementation of a teen pregnancy prevention program in a high school is shown to decrease the rate of teen pregnancy.This is an example of:

A) Effectiveness
B) Efficiency
C) Microeconomics
D) Production

Question 15

Which person is most likely to be uninsured?

A) An 82-year-old woman with chronic medical problems
B) A 2-year-old whose mother is on welfare
C) A 50-year-old businessman who works for a large corporation
D) A 32-year-old man who works part-time at a small business

Question 16

A characterization of the fourth developmental stage of the health services delivery framework is:

A) Nurses in the United States being predominantly women
B) The expansion of the number and type of health care facilities
C) Dependence on technology for patient care
D) The discovery and development of pharmacological advances

Question 17

Which was considered the first national health insurance plan in the United States?

A) HMO Act
B) Marine Hospital Service
C) Medicare
D) Medicaid

Question 18

When a business offers wellness incentives to its employees and then notices a decrease in the frequency of physician visits among employees,this is an example of:

A) Macroeconomic theory
B) Efficiency
C) Supply and demand
D) Microeconomic theory

Question 19

Public health economics focuses on the:

A) Use of resources
B) Availability and usage of goods and services related to public health
C) Scarcity of resources in the health care industry
D) Management and use of monies to improve the health of populations

Question 20

Evaluating a smoking cessation program,the gained or increased financial income,the improvements in the community attributable to the program,or costs that would result if the program was not given are examples of:

A) Cost-effectiveness analysis
B) Cost-benefit analysis
C) Supply and demand
D) Microeconomic theory

Question 21

Which service would be covered under Medicare Part A?

A) Blood draw to assess PT/INR
B) Physical therapy visit
C) Stay in skilled nursing facility
D) Transportation by an ambulance

Question 22

Which individual would most likely receive Medicaid services?

A) An 85-year-old female who has hypertension
B) A 25-year-old female who is pregnant
C) A 50-year-old male who is blind
D) A 70-year-old male who is hearing impaired

Question 23

Medicare and Medicaid are:

A) Available to any citizen who wishes to enroll
B) Two federal programs that provide insurance to special groups
C) Private insurance providers
D) Funded by the state government

Question 24

A person with end-stage kidney failure who is on dialysis is eligible for:

A) Medicaid
B) Blue Cross
C) Medicare
D) HMO

Question 25

A physician receives a set amount of money to provide care to a given group of clients for a set period of time.This is an example of:

A) Retrospective reimbursement
B) Prospective reimbursement
C) Fee-for-service
D) Capitation

Question 26

A Medicare recipient has elected to pay a monthly premium for Medicare that will cover expenses,such as laboratory services and equipment.This part of Medicare is called Medicare Part:

A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D

Question 27

An example of primary prevention is:

A) A smoking cessation program
B) Radiation therapy for lung cancer
C) Care at a long-term care facility
D) Hospice care

Question 28

Which statement about the reimbursement of health services for nurses is accurate?

A) Reimbursement for health care services can be directed only to physicians.
B) Nurse practitioners and clinical nurse specialists are reimbursed for Medicare Part B services.
C) Nursing care is a separate budget item in determining hospital service costs.
D) Nursing care is reimbursed separately from medical care in outpatient settings.

Question 29

Factors that influence health care costs include (select all that apply):

A) Technology and intensity
B) Demographics-the aging population
C) Chronic illness
D) Use of the health care system

Question 30

A public health nurse is counseling a client who is trying to determine if a health maintenance organization (HMO)or preferred provider organization (PPO)will provide the better health care coverage.One main difference between these two types of managed care arrangements is:

A) HMOs provide comprehensive care to its members for a fixed fee.
B) PPOs designate providers that members can choose.
C) PPOs employ physicians as PPO employees.
D) HMOs provide financial incentives to encourage members to select HMO providers.

Question 31

When a third-party payer establishes the amount of money that will be paid for the delivery of a particular service before offering the service to the client,it is called:

A) Retrospective reimbursement
B) Prospective reimbursement
C) Fee-for-service
D) Capitation

Question 32

An example of managed care is:

A) Medicare
B) Medicaid
C) Medical savings accounts
D) Health maintenance organizations

Question 33

When a health care organization's fees for delivery of services are not decided until after they are provided,it is called:

A) Retrospective reimbursement
B) Prospective reimbursement
C) Fee-for-service
D) Capitation

Question 34

An employee is able to receive health insurance from a former employer after changing jobs because of the:

A) Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act ( HIPAA )
B) Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act
C) Balanced Budget Act of 1997
D) Social Security Act