Question 1

Which microbes are used to make pickles out of cucumbers?&#10;A)Bacteria or fungi&#10;B)Fungi or viruses&#10;C)Viruses or yeasts&#10;D)Bacteria or viruses

Accepted Answer

Pickles are made through a process of lacto-fermentation, where the natural bacteria present on the cucumbers interact with added salt and water to produce lactic acid. This lactic acid fermentation gives pickles their sour taste and preserves them. The bacteria involved in this process are typically from the Lactobacillus genus, and may also include other bacteria like Leuconostoc or Pediococcus. Fungi and viruses are not typically used in the pickling process.

Question 2

When was the &#34;Golden Age of Microbiology?&#34;&#10;A)Mid to late 1600s&#10;B)Mid to late 1700s&#10;C)Mid to late 1800s&#10;D)Mid to late 1900s

Accepted Answer

The "Golden Age of Microbiology" occurred during the mid to late 1800s. This time period saw the discoveries of significant microorganisms, including bacteria, fungi, and protozoa, as well as the development of important microbiological techniques such as pure culture methods, staining techniques, and the germ theory of disease. Some notable microbiologists during this time include Louis Pasteur, Robert Koch, and Joseph Lister.

Question 3

What microbe is used to make bread dough rise?&#10;A)Bacteria&#10;B)Yeasts&#10;C)Viruses&#10;D)Protozoa

Accepted Answer

Yeasts are microorganisms commonly used in bread-making. When added to the dough, yeasts consume the sugars and starches in the flour and produce carbon dioxide gas as a byproduct, causing the dough to rise.

Question 4

Who is reported to have first observed microbes?&#10;A)Pasteur&#10;B)Koch&#10;C)Lister&#10;D)Leeuwenhoek

Accepted Answer

Leeuwenhoek is credited as the first person to observe microbes using a microscope that he constructed himself.

Question 5

The process of heating a fluid to 63&#7506; C for 30 minutes to kill bacteria is best known as:&#10;A)sterilization.&#10;B)disinfection.&#10;C)pasteurization.&#10;D)decontamination.

Accepted Answer

The process described is pasteurization, which involves heating a fluid to a specific temperature for a specific amount of time to kill bacteria while preserving the flavor and nutritional qualities of the fluid. Sterilization is a process that eliminates all microorganisms, not just bacteria, and is typically achieved through methods such as autoclaving or chemical sterilization. Disinfection is the process of reducing the number of microorganisms to a level that is considered safe for public health, typically through the use of chemical disinfectants. Decontamination typically refers to the removal of harmful substances from a surface, rather than the elimination of microorganisms.

Question 6

In which year were microbes first observed?&#10;A)1667&#10;B)1880&#10;C)1956&#10;D)1975

Accepted Answer

Microbes were first observed in 1665 by Antonie van Leeuwenhoek, a Dutch microscopist, who used a simple microscope to observe microorganisms, which he called "animalcules", in samples of water and other materials.

Question 7

Louie Pasteur and John Tyndall first recognized the use of _____ to destroy bacteria and resistant spores.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Louie Pasteur and John Tyndall first recognized...

Question 8

In 1915 it was discovered that bacteria can be infected with viruses called _____.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In 1915 it was discovered that bacteria...

Question 9

What microbes are used to make vinegar, vitamins, drain cleaners, enzymes, and other products?&#10;A)Fungi&#10;B)Viruses&#10;C)Protozoa&#10;D)Bacteria

Accepted Answer

Bacteria are commonly used to make vinegar, vitamins, drain cleaners, enzymes, and other products. For example, acetic acid bacteria are used to make vinegar, Lactobacillus bacteria are used to make probiotic supplements and some vitamins, and Bacillus bacteria are used to make enzyme cleaners.

Question 10

The disease of smallpox was involved in the discovery of immunizations in the 1790s by Edward Jenner.

Accepted Answer

Edward Jenner is credited with recognizing the concept of immunization when he realized in the 1790s that milkmaids who caught cowpox, a mild disease, were protected from the more serious disease of smallpox.

Deck 1: Scope of Microbiology and Infection Control