Deck 43: Assisting in Orthopedic Medicine

Question 1

A patient prescribed prednisone repeatedly for treatment of rheumatoid arthritis may be at risk for developing osteoporosis.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

With therapeutic ultrasonography, the applicator should be focused directly over the affected bone.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

The physician must perform a reduction for a displaced fracture.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

Lyrica, an antiseizure medication, is the first drug that has been approved by the FDA to treat fibromyalgia.

Question 5

A painful sports injury may be treated with a TENS unit.

Question 6

One approach to the treatment of osteoporosis is rest and non-weight-bearing exercise.

Question 7

Myasthenia gravis is an autoimmune disorder caused by a problem with acetylcholine at the neuromuscular junction.

Question 8

"Open reduction of a fracture" means that the physician is able to manipulate the bone into alignment.

Question 9

Heat application is contraindicated over scar tissue.

Question 10

Passive exercise of an injured muscle can be accomplished with electrical stimulation of the muscle.

Question 11

The primary symptom of myasthenia gravis is rapid eye movement.

Question 12

Lack of exposure to the sun may result in the development of osteomalacia.

Question 13

Slight erythema is normal after application of a moist hot pack or a paraffin bath.

Question 14

If a patient has been properly fitted for crutches, the elbows should be bent approximately 45 degrees when the patient holds the handgrips.

Question 15

A sprain damages a ligament and may involve surrounding blood vessels, muscles, tendons, and nerves.

Question 16

A diet rich in calcium and vitamin K are important for musculoskeletal health.

Question 17

Chiropractors are medical doctors who provide relief from musculoskeletal discomfort through manipulation and a variety of treatments.

Question 18

A greenstick fracture typically is seen in pediatric patients under age 14.

Question 19

Electric heating pads can be safely left in place up to 1 hour if the patient does not report any problems with circulation.

Question 20

Patients diagnosed with fibromyalgia may also report chronic sleep disorders.

Question 21

Diathermy is a deep heat therapy that can be used to treat muscle spasms.

Question 22

Ultrasonography is a useful modality for patients with bone pain.

Question 23

OA is associated with systemic symptoms, including general malaise, fever, and weight loss.

Question 24

The most common of a gout flare-up is the great toe.

Question 25

Commercial hot packs must be used very carefully on patients with diabetes, because they may not be able to feel a burning sensation.

Question 26

Rheumatoid arthritis causes degenerative changes in the articular cartilage of the joints.

Question 27

Systemic lupus erythematosus is caused by a widespread infection from Borrelia bacteria.

Question 28

Patients suffering from rheumatoid arthritis cycle through periods of remission and relapse.

Question 29

Application of cold packs causes vasodilation and numbness of the area.

Question 30

A pathologic fracture is caused by extreme trauma, such as a car accident or spousal abuse.

Question 31

Hot packs can be placed over jewelry without concern about possible burns.

Question 32

Application of heat to an injury site increases the rate of phagocytosis and promotes healing.

Question 33

A common treatment for SLE is antimalarial drugs.

Question 34

A comminuted fracture of the pelvis may occur in a car accident if the patient was not wearing a seat belt.

Question 35

A patient diagnosed with osteoporosis-related fractures of the vertebrae has advanced osteoporosis throughout the body.

Question 36

An avulsion occurs when severe ligament damage occurs at the site of an injury.

Question 37

A paraffin bath can be very useful for relieving the discomfort of rheumatoid nodules of the fingers.

Question 38

An adult with osteomalacia is said to have rickets.

Question 39

A patient with a nondisplaced fracture does not have to go through a reduction procedure.

Question 40

Hot packs should be left in place for 40 minutes, removed for the same length of time, and repeated if needed to relieve lumbar spasms.

Question 41

A goniometer is used in the orthopedic examination to measure:

A)muscular strength
B)gait
C)spinal curves
D)joint range of motion

Question 42

An abnormal curvature of the posterior thoracic spine is called:

A)spondylitis
B)kyphosis
C)scoliosis
D)lordosis

Question 43

Spongy, porous bone tissue is described as:

A)cancellous
B)fossa
C)sinus
D)joint

Question 44

Which type of muscle is responsible for moving fluids through the urinary system?

A)Skeletal
B)Smooth
C)Striated
D)Voluntary

Question 45

A sac of synovial fluid near a joint is known as a:

A)tendon
B)synovial membrane
C)bursa
D)ligament

Question 46

A TENS unit uses ultrasonography to the muscle to relieve pain and promote healing.

Question 47

When adjusting a walker, make sure the top of the walker is just below the patient's waist, at the height of the iliac crest.

Question 48

Loss of bone mass is known as:

A)osteolysis
B)osteodystrophy
C)osteoporosis
D)osteoclasis

Question 49

Turning the palm of the hand in a posterior position is called:

A)extension
B)dorsiflexion
C)pronation
D)abduction

Question 50

If a partner is helping you transfer a patient from a wheelchair, the wheels of the chair need not be locked.

Question 51

It is safer for patients with circulatory disorders to use an electric heating pad than a commercial hot pack.

Question 52

Several terms are used in anatomy and physiology to describe body movements.Which of the following is commonly described as bending?

A)Flexion
B)Extension
C)Abduction
D)Adduction

Question 53

An anterior lumbar curvature of the spine that becomes abnormally exaggerated is known as:

A)spondylitis
B)kyphosis
C)scoliosis
D)lordosis

Question 54

The type of bone composed of a diaphysis and two epiphyses serves mainly to:

A)allow the body to stand upright
B)store white blood cells
C)protect internal organ
D)encase nerve pathways

Question 55

Lateral curvature of the spinal column is known as:

A)osteoporosis
B)lordosis
C)scoliosis
D)kyphosis

Question 56

Visual examination of a joint with an endoscope is known as:

A)a bone scan
B)arthrography
C)arthrocentesis
D)arthroscopy

Question 57

A patient who reports occasional acute pain in the big toe may be suffering from:

A)osteoarthritis
B)gouty arthritis
C)tendinitis
D)rheumatoid arthritis

Question 58

The medical term for pain in a joint is:

A)arthralgia
B)arthritis
C)arthrocentesis
D)arthroplasty

Question 59

Surgical puncturing of a joint to remove fluid is called:

A)arthrodesis
B)arthroplasty
C)arthrocentesis
D)arthrogram

Question 60

The knee joint is categorized as having which type of movement?

A)Gliding
B)Ball-and-socket
C)Hinge
D)Freely moving

Question 61

What is the difference between osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis?

A)OA is an autoimmune disorder.
B)OA goes through stages of remission and relapse.
C)RA is an autoimmune reaction to synovial fluid.
D)OA has an acute onset.

Question 62

The best method of diagnosing osteopenia and osteoporosis is which test?

A)CT of the knee
B)MRI of the hip
C)DEXA scan
D)Spinal x-ray film

Question 63

A classic sign of osteoporosis is:

A)anemia
B)joint pain
C)kyphosis
D)scoliosis

Question 64

Medications used to treat osteoporosis include:

A)Evista
B)NSAIDs
C)Prednisone
D)Lyrica

Question 65

The type of movement in which a part is moved away from the midline of the body is:

A)rotation
B)extension
C)abduction
D)adduction

Question 66

Women with osteoporosis of the spine may develop which type of fracture?

A)Spiral
B)Compression
C)Compound
D)Impacted

Question 67

Which type of fracture is caused by a twisting type of injury?

A)Spiral
B)Greenstick
C)Oblique
D)Transverse

Question 68

Which type of fracture is common in young children?

A)Compound
B)Greenstick
C)Open
D)Comminuted

Question 69

A patient who repeatedly uses the hands at work and complains of numbness and tingling of the fingers and difficulty grasping a pencil may be diagnosed with:

A)fibromyalgia
B)carpal tunnel syndrome
C)lupus
D)osteoarthritis

Question 70

As soon as possible after a musculoskeletal injury, RICE therapy should be initiated.This stands for:

A)resistance, increased extension, cold, and exercise
B)rest, ice, compression, and elevation
C)rest, ice, compression, and exercise
D)resilience, ice, closure, and elevation

Question 71

A common problem for patients with a herniated disk is:

A)radiating pain down the left side
B)crystal build-up at the site of injury
C)a bacterial infection
D)chronic back pain
E)A and D

Question 72

Passive ROM involves which procedure?

A)The patient assists in moving the joint.
B)Physician moves the affected joint to assess its ROM.
C)The patient moves the joint, and the physician measures the movement with a goniometer.
D)The patient holds the affected area still while the physician measures the joint angle.

Question 73

Which of the following injuries results in an overstretching of a muscle or tendon?

A)Muscle spasm
B)Sprain
C)Strain
D)Fracture

Question 74

All of the following are true about fibromyalgia except it:

A)occurs more frequently in men than in women
B)is associated with sleep disorders
C)frequently is seen in patients with lupus
D)causes chronic pain and fatigue

Question 75

Bending the foot to reduce the angle of the joint is called:

A)extension
B)pronation
C)plantar flexion
D)dorsiflexion

Question 76

Electromyography is helpful in diagnosing problems associated with which disorder?

A)Damage to a joint from RA
B)Complications from a nondisplaced fracture
C)Complications from advanced fibromyalgia
D)Nerve involvement from a herniated lumbar disk

Question 77

The classic diagnosis of fibromyalgia is made when:

A)eleven of 18 specific points are extremely tender when palpated
B)x-ray studies verify the presence of the disease
C)the sed rate is elevated
D)the patient shows signs of anemia

Question 78

Which of the following is categorized as a type of infectious arthritis?

A)Rheumatoid arthritis
B)Bursitis
C)Lyme disease
D)SLE

Question 79

Rickets is an unusual diagnosis in the United States because:

A)milk sold in the United States is fortified with vitamin K
B)all children have adequate daily sun exposure
C)vitamin D is available in drinking water
D)milk sold in the United States is fortified with vitamin D

Question 80

Medications used to treat rheumatoid arthritis include:

A)Remicade
B)Evista
C)Rocephan
D)Lyrica