Deck 55: Assisting in Microbiology and Immunology

Question 1

A chlamydia specimen must be transported to the laboratory on ice immediately after collection.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

The Epstein-Barr virus causes both mononucleosis and rubella.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

Legionnaires' disease is caused by a gram-positive bacillus that causes a particular type of pneumonia.

Answer 3

False

Question 4

Mycoplasmas have more PG in their cell walls than any other pathogen.

Question 5

The quadrant method is used to spread a specimen sample continuously over an entire medium plate.

Question 6

Bacterial endospores allow a microorganism to survive harsh environments.

Question 7

Cultures for gonorrhea and strep throat must be refrigerated if they cannot be plated immediately.

Question 8

A nasopharyngeal swab is used to make the diagnosis of RSV.

Question 9

An influenza diagnosis is confirmed by cultures grown from nasopharyngeal swabs.

Question 10

A gram-positive cell has a thick layer of peptidoglycan with no lipid layer surrounding it.

Question 11

Candida albicans infection of the vagina frequently occurs after treatment with antibiotics.

Question 12

UTIs are diagnosed with a C&S of a clean-catch specimen.

Question 13

Mycobacterium tuberculosis is the organism that causes tuberculosis and also is an anaerobe.

Question 14

Mumps, measles, and polio are viral diseases transmitted by direct contact.

Question 15

Tinea corporis is a fungal infection of the feet.

Question 16

Most pathogenic organisms prefer temperatures around 37° C and remain viable for up to 72 hours if held at room temperature or refrigerator temperature.

Question 17

Negative rapid strep test results must be confirmed with a throat culture, because the rapid strep test is highly specific but not highly sensitive.

Question 18

Specimens should be collected during the acute phase of an illness and 24 hours after antibiotics are prescribed.

Question 19

Cultures for aerobes are incubated in special jars that chemically remove oxygen from the environment.

Question 20

Tetanus is caused by a spore-forming, anaerobic bacillus that is most likely to be seen in deep wounds.

Question 21

Sensitivity testing is used to determine:

A)the susceptibility of a microorganism to antiviral treatment
B)the patient's susceptibility to a particular pathogen
C)a pathogen's susceptibility to a particular antibiotic
D)all of the above

Question 22

Serologic tests are done to measure specific H.pylori IgG antibodies; their presence indicates that the patient has a peptic ulcer caused by an infectious disease.

Question 23

Collection of a sample for a blood culture requires the use of a:

A)sterile CCMS container
B)Culturette
C)JEMBEC transport system
D)Bactec bottles

Question 24

Malaria is diagnosed from a stained blood sample that is examined under the microscope for the protozoal parasite.

Question 25

Stuart and Amie's media are examples of ______ media.

A)differential
B)selective
C)viral culture
D)transport

Question 26

Rodent control is important for preventing the spread of diphtheria.

Question 27

Which are not considered microorganisms?

A)Bacteria
B)Fungi
C)Helminths
D)Rickettsiae

Question 28

Diagnosis of a helminth infection requires a:

A)stool sample for culture on differential media
B)stool sample for O&P examination
C)skin biopsy specimen for fluorescent testing
D)blood sample for tissue culture

Question 29

Both bacteria and fungi can be:

A)multicellular
B)eukaryotes
C)prokaryotes
D)unicellular

Question 30

In the scientific name Escherichia coli, the name coli indicates the:

A)species
B)genus
C)shape
D)B and C

Question 31

The physician would order a stool culture to confirm staphylococcal food poisoning.

Question 32

An infection acquired in the hospital is called and _________ infection.

A)nostril
B)nystagmus
C)nosocomial
D)nonpathologic

Question 33

Collection of a throat culture sample requires a:

A)sterile CCMS container
B)Bactec bottle
C)Culturette transport system
D)yellow-topped Vacutainer tube

Question 34

A stool for O&P is used to diagnose both amebic dysentery and giardiasis.

Question 35

HIV screening can be performed only on a blood sample from the patient.

Question 36

A vaccine is available to prevent meningococcal meningitis.

Question 37

Normal microbiota are:

A)never infectious
B)found only on the skin
C)resistant to all antibiotics
D)involved in homeostasis

Question 38

It can take up to approximately 16 weeks for an HIV immunoassay to show evidence of disease.

Question 39

Parasitology includes the study of:

A)worms
B)fungi
C)bacteria
D)rickettsiae

Question 40

The pathologist tests for Lyme disease by examining a blood sample for the infecting spirochetes.

Question 41

Most pathogenic organisms remain viable at temperatures of ____° C.

A)37
B)0
C)25
D)All of the above

Question 42

Blood agar that is used to test for strep throat is which type of medium?

A)Differential
B)Enriched
C)Selective
D)Transport

Question 43

You observe a bacterial smear and note that the arrangement of the organisms resembles a pearl necklace.This arrangement is characteristic of:

A)staphylococci
B)streptococci
C)sarcinae
D)streptobacilli

Question 44

An organism that is flexible as far as its oxygen requirements are concerned is called a(n):

A)aerobe
B)anaerobe
C)facultative aerobe
D)facultative anaerobe

Question 45

Beta hemolysis:

A)is best detected on a sheep's blood medium
B)is caused by hemolysis of blood cells
C)refers to a clear zone around bacterial colonies growing on a sheep's blood medium
D)all of the above

Question 46

_________ are tiny, gram-negative organisms transmitted by blood-sucking insects.

A)Rickettsiae
B)Chlamydiae
C)Herpes simplex organisms
D)Ascaris organisms

Question 47

The prefix staphylo- means that bacteria appear:

A)in coiled springs
B)rod shaped
C)in grapelike clusters
D)in pairs

Question 48

An organism that is unlikely to be transmitted by sexual contact is:

A)Neisseria gonorrhoeae
B)Treponema pallidum
C)Chlamydia trachomatis
D)Clostridium botulinum

Question 49

An anaerobic organism is most likely to be isolated from a(n):

A)abscess
B)sputum
C)skin scraping
D)throat

Question 50

The ideal means of sterilizing a wire inoculating loop between uses is:

A)immersion in bleach
B)incineration
C)autoclaving
D)wiping with isopropyl alcohol

Question 51

Microscopically, a sputum specimen containing positive AFB appears:

A)pink
B)blue
C)purple
D)green

Question 52

You observe a bacterial smear and note that the arrangement of the organisms resembles the stitching on jeans.This arrangement is characteristic of:

A)staphylococci
B)streptococci
C)sarcinae
D)streptobacilli

Question 53

Which of the following infections is caused by a fungus?

A)Pneumocystis pneumonia
B)Pyloric ulcers
C)Rocky Mountain spotted fever
D)Toxic shock syndrome

Question 54

Which of the following is true about gonorrhea?

A)Gram-negative cocci found in pairs
B)Gram-positive cocci in clusters
C)Gram-positive cocci in chains
D)Gram-negative spirilla

Question 55

Which color indicates gram-positive bacteria?

A)Pink
B)Purple
C)Blue
D)Green

Question 56

Cultures for which two organisms should not be refrigerated after collection?

A)Escherichia coli and Neisseria gonorrhoeae
B)Streptococcus pyogenes and N.gonorrhoeae
C)S.pyogenes and Staphylococcus aureus

Question 57

An organism that is unlikely to be transmitted by airborne droplets is:

A)Streptococcus pneumoniae
B)Legionella pneumophila
C)Neisseria meningitidis
D)Treponema pallidum

Question 58

Tightly coiled, spiral-shaped bacteria are called:

A)spirilla
B)sarcinae
C)spirochetes
D)streptobacilli

Question 59

Microscopically, a gram-negative bacterium appears as:

A)purple spheres
B)purple rods
C)pink (red) spheres
D)pink (red) rods

Question 60

The Gram reaction a bacterium exhibits is the result of its:

A)cell membrane phospholipids
B)cell wall peptidoglycan
C)gelatinous capsule
D)waxlike cell wall lipids

Question 61

The goal of maintaining the quality of a specimen is to make sure it remains __________.

Question 62

WBCs produce __________, which activates lymphocytes and initiates a fever when a person has an infectious disease.

Question 63

The metric unit of measurement used to report the size of bacteria and viruses is the __________.

Question 64

A cellulose tape test for pinworms requires:

A)a thin specimen of stool to be spread on cellulose tape to immobilize the worms
B)a length of cellulose tape to be touched against the anal folds to collect worms
C)temporarily taping the anus closed to trap the worms
D)a microscope to view the eggs that have adhered to a length of cellulose tape
E)B and D

Question 65

To examine a skin scraping sample for fungal filaments, the medical assistant typically would put the sample in a drop of potassium hydroxide on a slide, cover it with a coverslip, and examine the specimen using a microscope.This type of preparation is called a(n) ________.

Question 66

A bacterial smear is a:

A)heavy growth of bacteria on an agar medium
B)suspension of bacteria allowed to air-dry on a slide in preparation for staining
C)test done to identify the causal agent of a disease
D)negative political campaign in the microbial world

Question 67

__________ are inflammatory mediators released by cells that cause smooth muscle contraction and pain.

Question 68

The term __________ refers to conditions outside a living body, such as bacteria grown on a culture plate.

Question 69

Bacteria are classified as __________ microbes, which are single-cell microbes that lack a membrane-bound nucleus.

Question 70

__________ is used medically to combat viral infections and cancer.

Question 71

Antimicrobial agents used to treat a broad range of infections are classified as __________.

Question 72

__________ are specific structures within a cell that perform a particular cellular function.

Question 73

Protozoa often are identified with observation of __________, the microscopic, capsulelike sacs that enclose them in the larval stage.

Question 74

Organisms that require special growth factors to reproduce on artificial media are said to be __________.

Question 75

Fungi are __________ and are either single-cell or multicellular organisms with a nucleus that is membrane bound.

Question 76

The microbiology laboratory report for Mrs.Wallace's urine culture lists eight antibiotics, five of which are followed by the letter "S." This means that these antibiotics:

A)should be avoided when treating the infection
B)should be considered when treating the infection
C)are likely to cause sensitivity or allergy in the patient
D)should be retested with a more sensitive method

Question 77

A viral cell invades a host cell and uses its __________, including carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins, to reproduce.

Question 78

A(n) __________ are members of a class of invertebrate animals that includes insects, crustaceans, and arachnids.

Question 79

A urinary tract infection can be diagnosed if an organism isolated from a CCMS specimen is found in pure culture and is present in a quantity greater than _____ per milliliter of urine.

A)10
B)100
C)10,000
D)100,000

Question 80

The rapid detection test that assists in the diagnosis of stomach ulcers detects:

A)Clostridium perfringens
B)Escherichia coli
C)Helicobacter pylori
D)Streptococcus pyogenes