Deck 11: Gastrointestinal Pathologies

Question 1

Which condition is inflammation of the tonsils?

A)Tonsillitis
B)Mumps
C)Pharyngitis
D)Gastritis

Answer 1

Tonsillitis

Question 2

Which condition involves benign growths on mucous membranes, commonly found in the colon?

A)Fissures
B)Polyps
C)Hemorrhoids
D)Diverticula

Answer 2

Polyps

Question 3

Which condition is inflammation of the gastric mucosa?

A)Diverticulitis
B)Gastritis
C)Cholecystitis
D)Colitis

Answer 3

Gastritis

Question 4

Which condition is periodic regurgitation of stomach contents into the esophagus, caused by relaxation of the lower esophageal sphincter or increased intraabdominal pressure?

A)Gastroesophageal reflux disease
B)Peptic ulcer disease
C)Ulcerative colitis
D)Hiatal hernia

Question 5

Benign growths suspended by a stalk on mucous membranes are called:

A)pedunculated polyps.
B)diverticula.
C)hemorrhoids.
D)mumps.

Question 6

Massage considerations for a client with nausea from a noncontraindicated cause include:

A)excluding mobilizations, stretches, pressure, and speed that rocks the client and moves the head or limbs.
B)using a side-lying position only.
C)focusing on the abdomen and low back.
D)requiring permission from a health care provider.

Question 7

Abdominal massage should be applied in which method?

A)In broad strokes, in a counterclockwise direction
B)In circular strokes, in a clockwise direction
C)Without a bolster behind the knees
D)Inferior to superior

Question 8

Which condition is characterized by abnormal muscular contraction of the colon and excessive mucus in the stool?

A)Appendicitis
B)Gastroenteritis
C)Pancreatic cancer
D)Irritable bowel syndrome

Question 9

Which term describes infrequent or difficult passing of stools?

A)Hemorrhoids
B)Hernia
C)Constipation
D)Diarrhea

Question 10

The most common symptom of gastroesophageal reflux disease is:

A)loss of appetite.
B)heartburn.
C)fever.
D)weight gain.

Question 11

Which condition is infection or inflammation of diverticula?

A)Ulcerative colitis
B)Diverticulitis
C)Pancreatitis
D)Irritable bowel syndrome

Question 12

Which term means frequent passing of unformed, loose, watery stools?

A)Nausea
B)Diarrhea
C)Constipation
D)Gastritis

Question 13

Which condition is a type of chronic inflammatory bowel disease that affects any part of the gastrointestinal tract and can extend through all of its layers?

A)Cholecystitis
B)Jaundice
C)Crohn disease
D)Duodenal ulcer

Question 14

Massage considerations for a client with Crohn disease include:

A)always beginning with the client in the supine position.
B)using circular, clockwise strokes on the abdomen.
C)avoiding the abdomen.
D)knowing that treatment adaptations are unnecessary.

Question 15

Which condition is an acute infectious viral disease caused by the paramyxovirus?

A)Thrush
B)Pharyngitis
C)Tonsillitis
D)Mumps

Question 16

Which sign or symptom characterizes tonsillitis?

A)Heartburn
B)Diarrhea
C)Difficulty swallowing
D)Nausea

Question 17

Massage indications for a client with gastroenteritis include:

A)once the client begins antibiotic treatment.
B)only if the client is free from vomiting.
C)if the cause is an allergic reaction to food.
D)after 48 hours of being symptom-free.

Question 18

Massage considerations for a client with irritable bowel syndrome include:

A)that it is contraindicated.
B)focusing on relaxation and stress management while avoiding the abdomen if sensitive.
C)deep abdominal massage.
D)that it is indicated only after symptoms have subsided.

Question 19

Ulcerations of the mucosal lining in parts of the gastrointestinal tract exposed to acidic gastric juice, often caused by the bacteria Helicobacter pylori, are known as:

A)diverticulitis.
B)ulcerative colitis.
C)peptic ulcer disease.
D)Crohn disease.

Question 20

For gastrointestinal conditions in general, which action is not a common consideration during massage?

A)Asking which positions are most comfortable
B)Avoiding speed or rocking that might induce nausea
C)Using techniques that stimulate the digestive organs
D)Using a bolster when the client is in a semireclining position

Question 21

Which condition is inflammation of the liver?

A)Hepatitis
B)Peritonitis
C)Pancreatitis
D)Gastritis

Question 22

Which condition is inflammation of the vermiform appendix?

A)Appendicitis
B)Peritonitis
C)Diverticulitis
D)Gastritis

Question 23

Which type of cancer is the most lethal, accounting for 10% of all cancer deaths?

A)Pancreatic
B)Stomach
C)Liver
D)Colorectal

Question 24

Dilated or inflamed veins in the anal or rectal regions are called:

A)hemorrhoids.
B)hernias.
C)diverticula.
D)polyps.

Question 25

Sensitivity to gluten resulting in diarrhea, fatigue, flatulence, bloating, and dermatitis describes which condition?

A)Food poisoning
B)Gastroesophageal reflux disease
C)Crohn disease
D)Celiac disease

Question 26

Which condition is inflammation of the gallbladder?

A)Cholelithiasis
B)Gastritis
C)Peritonitis
D)Cholecystitis

Question 27

Which statement is not true for a client diagnosed with hepatitis?

A)Fever and jaundice are contraindicated with massage postponed.
B)Avoid deep pressure near the liver.
C)Massage is contraindicated until all symptoms have subsided.
D)Impairment of the liver greatly increases the chances of bruising.

Question 28

Which cause results in food poisoning?

A)Hypersensitivity to gluten
B)Contaminated beverages
C)Autoimmunity
D)Gastric reflux

Question 29

Massage considerations for a client with jaundice include:

A)that treatment is indicated as long as fever and nausea are absent.
B)performing the treatment in the semireclining position.
C)requiring parental approval.
D)that it is contraindicated.

Question 30

A client with gallstones most likely feels pain in the:

A)lower back.
B)lower left quadrant of the abdomen.
C)lower right quadrant of the abdomen.
D)middle back and right shoulder.

Question 31

Which condition is cholelithiasis?

A)Gallbladder inflammation
B)Gallstones
C)Liver inflammation
D)Gastric reflex

Question 32

Which action is inappropriate when massaging a client who has a colostomy bag?

A)Recommending avoiding eating for 2 to 3 hours before the session
B)Using prone position because that will likely be the best choice
C)Avoiding applying lubricant on or near the bag opening
D)In the event of bag spillage, leaving the room so the client can clean it up

Question 33

Which condition is an inflammation of the large intestine that usually begins in the rectum and then spreads proximally?

A)Crohn disease
B)Diverticulosis
C)Irritable bowel syndrome
D)Ulcerative colitis

Question 34

Massage considerations for a client who has a surgical mesh to repair or prevent a hernia include:

A)avoiding the use of lubricant.
B)vibration on the abdomen to increase peristalsis.
C)that techniques such as friction are contraindicated over the site.
D)contraindication for 3 months after surgery.

Question 35

Which structures are protrusions of tissues or organs through a weakness in a membranous or cavity wall?

A)Polyps
B)Ulcers
C)Diverticula
D)Hernias

Question 36

A femoral hernia is described as:

A)a loop of intestine that descends through the canal just beneath the groin.
B)passage of intraabdominal contents through a weakness around the belly button.
C)part of the stomach protruding through the diaphragm into the thorax.
D)a loop of intestine that enters the inguinal canal.

Question 37

Which condition is most likely to result in abdominal adhesions?

A)Peritonitis
B)Gastritis
C)Cirrhosis
D)Jaundice

Question 38

Which condition is progressive liver disease with liver cells destroyed and replaced with fibrous scar tissue?

A)Hepatitis
B)Pancreatitis
C)Cirrhosis
D)Gastritis

Question 39

Which approach is appropriate for the massage therapist if a client reports pain that began vaguely near the umbilicus then shifted to the lower right quadrant, and who has had periods of nausea for the past 6 to 12 hours?

A)Perform massage to mobilize the contents of the abdomen.
B)Immediately refer the client for medical evaluation due to symptoms of appendicitis.
C)Realize these are symptoms of gastroenteritis and postpone massage until symptoms subside.
D)Avoid placing the client in the prone position.

Question 40

Yellowish coloring of the skin and mucosa caused by elevated blood bilirubin is called:

A)dermatitis.
B)cirrhosis.
C)thrush.
D)jaundice.