Deck 12: Probation, Parole, and Intermediate Sanctions

Question 1

Although it was officially abolished in1992,what federal authority still makes decisions on who is to receive parole in the federal corrections system?

A)U.S.Attorney General
B)U.S.President
C)National Board of Commissioners and Correctional Officers
D)United States Parole Commission

Answer 1

D

Question 2

Which is the 2006 U.S.Supreme Court case that allows police officers to conduct a warrantless search of a person who is subject to parole search conditions even when the sole reason for the search is that the person is on parole?

A)Minnesota v.Murphy
B)U.S.v.Knights
C)Samson v.California
D)Gagnon v.Scarpelli

Answer 2

C

Question 3

Which of the following sentences is NOT an example of an intermediate sanction?

A)Intensive probation
B)Shock incarceration
C)Simple probation
D)House arrest with electronic monitoring

Answer 3

C

Question 4

Morrissey v.Brewer provides procedural safeguards to parolees at what type of hearings?

A)Revocation
B)Preliminary
C)Grand jury
D)Probation

Question 5

Which of the following is NOT a disadvantage of probation and parole?

A)Relative lack of punishment
B)Reduces social costs
C)Dishonest (does not require completion of the defendant's sentence behind bars.)
D)Discriminatory

Question 6

What kind of parole hearing determines whether the parolee has violated the conditions of his or her parole?

A)Judicial hearing
B)Revocation hearing
C)Investigatory hearing
D)Imprisonment hearing

Question 7

A hearing held before a legally constituted hearing body (such as a parole board)to determine whether a parolee or probationer has violated the conditions and requirements of his or her parole or probation is called a:

A)Conditional release hearing.
B)Revocation hearing.
C)Warden's parole hearing board.
D)Second chance hearing.

Question 8

Which of the following is NOT a function of a probation or parole officer's work?

A)Assistance to prosecutors by conducting arrests and investigations
B)Supervision of clients
C)Intake procedures
D)Needs assessment and diagnosis

Question 9

Which of the following is the managed return to the community of an individual released from prison,and the successful transitioning of a released inmate back into the community?

A)Parole board
B)Reentry
C)Probation
D)Mandatory release

Question 10

What form of probation requires face-to-face contacts between the probation officer and the probationer?

A)Concentrated
B)Intensive supervision
C)Directed
D)Shock

Question 11

Mempa v.Ray held that a probationer should have the opportunity for ________ before a deferred prison sentence can be imposed.

A)Parole
B)Good time
C)Counsel
D)Jail time

Question 12

California's Board of Parole Hearings discontinued parole revocation hearings in mid-2013,and moved that responsibility to:

A)Local criminal court judges.
B)The state governor's office.
C)A panel of corrections officers.
D)Local police chiefs.

Question 13

Which of the following is a supervision strategy that uses electronic technology to track offenders who have been sentenced to house arrest,or who have been ordered to limit their movements while completing a sentence involving probation or parole?

A)Home confinement
B)Community service
C)Conditional release
D)Remote location monitoring.

Question 14

Revocation of probation or parole:

A)Is not governed by any particular due process requirement.
B)Can be enacted merely on a decision made by the probationer's or parolee's probation or parole officer.
C)Requires the concurrence of an appellate court judge.
D)Requires procedural safeguards,including a hearing.

Question 15

In 2013,Tom Clements,the chief of a corrections department,was gunned down and killed when he opened the door of his residence to a man whom he believed to be pizza-deliverer,but in reality was a recently paroled dangerous criminal.This happened in which state?

A)California
B)New York
C)Colorado
D)Texas

Question 16

Which intermediate sanction resembles a military-style boot camp?

A)Shock incarceration
B)Shock probation
C)Shock parole
D)Intensive supervision

Question 17

Probation,parole,home confinement,and electronic monitoring are examples of:

A)Lenient sentences.
B)Imprisonment.
C)Community-based corrections.
D)Restitution.

Question 18

Which of the following is an early release option under which an inmate who is deemed "low risk" due to a serious physical or mental health condition is released from prison earlier than he or she might have been under normal circumstances?

A)Parole
B)Probation
C)Medical parole
D)Discretionary release

Question 19

The Second Chance Act of 2008 authorized the spending of approximately 400 million dollars to:

A)Study the effects of the death penalty on death row inmates.
B)Authorize the use of electronic monitoring in lieu of incarceration.
C)Hire more probation and parole officers.
D)Break the cycle of criminal recidivism.

Question 20

The Second Chance Act of 2008 was put in place to:

A)Give convicted offenders an alternative to prison after conviction.
B)Give judges the discretion to find a defendant not guilty if the case warranted it.
C)Reduce the number of parolees being returned to prison for technical violations.
D)Reduce the number of prisoners being paroled.

Question 21

Probation and parole officers both do presentence investigations and client supervision.

Question 22

The use of a variety of officially ordered program-based sanctions that permit convicted offenders to remain in the community under conditional supervision as an alternative to an active prison sentence is known as community corrections.

Question 23

Probation is today's most common form of criminal sentencing in the United States.

Question 24

Community ________ is a sentencing alternative that requires offenders to spend at least part of their time working for a community agency.

Question 25

A probation officer must get a search warrant before a search of a probationer's residence is permitted.

Question 26

The revocation of probation is a court order taking away a convicted offender's probationary status and usually withdrawing the conditional freedom associated with that status in response to a violation of the conditions of probation.

Question 27

_______________ release is the release of an inmate from prison to community supervision under a set of conditions for remaining on parole.If a condition is violated,the individual might be returned to prison or might face another sanction in the community.

Question 28

_______________ corrections is the use of a variety of officially ordered program-based sanctions that permit convicted offenders to remain in the community under conditional supervision as an alternative to an active prison sentence.

Question 29

Probation is the status of a convicted offender,who has been conditionally released from prison by an authority before the expiration of his or her sentence.

Question 30

A mixed sentence carries a mixed sentence of probation and parole.

Question 31

Reentry courts are specialized courts that help reduce recidivism and improve public safety through the use of judicial oversight and promote positive behavior by the returning prisoners.

Question 32

The number of probation or parole clients assigned to one probation or parole officer for supervision is called their ______________.

Question 33

A ____________________ sentence explicitly requires the convicted offender to serve a period of confinement in a local,state,or federal facility,followed by a period of probation.

Question 34

Home confinement is house arrest where an individual is never allowed to leave his/her home under any circumstances,except to go to court.

Question 35

Mandatory release is the release of an inmate from prison that is not determined by statute or sentencing guidelines,but by a parole board or other authority.

Question 36

Probation and parole services are characteristically poorly staffed and often poorly administered.

Question 37

Parole violators account for more than half of prison admissions in many states.

Question 38

Remote location monitoring is a supervision strategy that uses electronic technology to track offenders who have been sentenced to house arrest.

Question 39

Individuals ordered to be confined to their homes are sometimes monitored electronically to ensure that they do not leave during the hours of confinement.

Question 40

GPS monitoring has been very successful and is the latest tool being adopted by almost all states to track sex offenders.

Question 41

In ______________ v.California,the Supreme Court ruled that police officers may conduct a warrantless search of a person who is subject to a parole search condition,even when there is no suspicion of criminal wrongdoing and even when the sole reason for the search is that the person is on parole.

Question 42

In March,2008,the U.S.Congress passed the Second Chance Act.The bill authorized the expenditure of approximately $400 million dollars in federal funds to reduce recidivism.
List and define four of the programs and discuss how they can or do impact recidivism.

Question 43

Most states have parole authorities that decide when an incarcerated offender is ready for conditional release.Some authorities also function as revocation hearing panels.This authority is commonly known as the __________________ board.

Question 44

What are your opinions concerning the probation and parole systems in place today? Do you believe the systems are working properly today or can we improve on them? Cite and analyze examples to support your beliefs.

Question 45

In 2003,the U.S.Department of Justice,in conjunction with other federal agencies,initiated funding for 89 reentry sites across the country under the Serious and Violent Offender Reentry
Initiative (SVORI).Define and comment on the three phases of the SVORI initiative and the target populations they are geared towards.

Question 46

Define and explain the advantages and disadvantages of probation and parole.

Question 47

A ____________sentence requires that a convicted offender serve weekends (or other specified periods of time)in a confinement facility (usually a jail)while undergoing probationary supervision in the community.

Question 48

Define intermediate sanctions.Explain three distinct advantages that are found with intermediate sanctions.

Question 49

Describe three significant court cases that have had an impact on the practice of probation and parole since the 1970s.

Question 50

Define the job duties of probation and parole officers.Explain the two of the major challenges they face in their daily work.

Question 51

A sentencing option that makes use of "boot camp"-type prisons to impress on convicted offenders the realities of prison life is known as ________________ incarceration.

Question 52

In ______________ v.Wisconsin,the Supreme Court ruled that probation officers may conduct searches of a probationer's residence without either a search warrant or probable cause.