Deck 13: Two Groups Too Many Try Analysis of Variance

Question 1

If you wanted to examine whether the degree of parental involvement differs based on students' grade in school (i.e., first, second, third, etc.), what is the dependent variable of interest?

A)grade level
B)students
C)parents
D)degree of parent involvement

Answer 1

D

Question 2

When your research question calls for you to examine the differences in group means among three or more groups, which of the following would be the appropriate procedure?

A)Pearson correlation
B)dependent-sample t-test
C)regression
D)analysis of variance

Answer 2

D

Question 3

A factorial ANOVA includes _______ treatment factor(s).

A)more than one
B)only one
C)only two
D)only three or more

Answer 3

A

Question 4

Which of the following would be an example of a design that examines the effects of region of residence (e.g., Northeast, South, Midwest, and West) and income (i.e., low, medium, and high)?

A)Simple ANOVA
B)One-way ANOVA
C)3 × 3 ANOVA
D)4 × 3 ANOVA

Question 5

The ANOVA is like an extension of the _______.

A)t-test
B)F-test
C)Correlation
D)Regression

Question 6

A simple analysis of variance includes _______ factor(s) or treatment variables in the analysis.

A)only one
B)only two
C)three or more
D)one or more

Question 7

A simple analysis of variance is used to study participants who are tested _______.

A)only once
B)only twice
C)once or more
D)twice or more

Question 8

Which of the following would be an example of a design that examines the effects of gender and region of residence (e.g., Northeast, South, Midwest, and West)?

A)simple ANOVA
B)one-way ANOVA
C)2 × 2 ANOVA
D)2 × 4 ANOVA

Question 9

An omnibus test tests _______.

A)overall differences
B)specific comparisons
C)very large samples
D)very small populations

Question 10

Who is responsible for the invention of the F statistic?

A)Pearson Fisher
B)Karl Pearson
C)R.A.Fisher
D)R.A.Pearson

Question 11

Which of the following would be an example of a design that examines the effects of gender and socioeconomic status (i.e., high, medium, and low) on a test of student achievement?

A)simple ANOVA
B)one-way ANOVA
C)2 × 3 ANOVA
D)3 × 3 ANOVA

Question 12

A simple analysis of variance is also called _______.

A)the two-way analysis of variance
B)factorial ANOVA
C)correlational ANOVA
D)the one-way analysis of variance

Question 13

What type of ANOVA is used when there is only one type of treatment or grouping factor with more than two levels?

A)one way
B)two way
C)three way
D)four way

Question 14

Which of the following is the same as t² when examining the difference between two groups?

A)F
B)T
C)Cohen's d
D)F²

Question 15

Which of the following is the formula for computing the F statistic?

A)F = MSbₑtwₑₑn ÷ MSwᵢthᵢn
B)F = SSbₑtwₑₑn ÷ SSwᵢthᵢn
C)F = MSwᵢthᵢn ÷ MSbₑtwₑₑn
D)F = SSwᵢthᵢn ÷ SSbₑtwₑₑn

Question 16

The ANOVA can be used to test the differences _______.

A)between two groups only
B)more than two groups
C)within a single group
D)among three groups only

Question 17

If you wanted to examine whether the degree of parental involvement differs based on students' grade in school (i.e., first, second, third, etc.), what is the independent variable of interest?

A)grade level
B)students
C)parents
D)degree of parent involvement

Question 18

The ANOVA is a(n) _______.

A)omnibus test
B)correlational test
C)regressional analysis
D)factorial correlation

Question 19

The ANOVA uses the _______.

A)F-test
B)t-test
C)p-test
D)r-test

Question 20

The variability between groups is due to _______.

A)chance
B)the grouping factor
C)the F ratio
D)the level of the dependent variable

Question 21

When interpreting F₍₂, ₂₇₎ = 8.80, p < .05, what is the between-groups df?

A)30
B)27
C)3
D)2

Question 22

If your MSwᵢthᵢn is higher than your MSbₑtwₑₑn, your F value will be _______.

A)higher
B)lower
C)the same
D)one

Question 23

When computing the degrees of freedom for ANOVA, how is the within-group estimate calculated?

A)n − 1
B)k − 1
C)N − k
D)(n - 1) ÷ k

Question 24

When computing the degrees of freedom for ANOVA, how is the between-group estimate calculated?

A)n − 1
B)k − 1
C)N − k
D)(n - 1) ÷ k

Question 25

In order to increase the value of the F statistic, which of the following must occur?

A)MSwᵢthᵢn > MSbₑtwₑₑn
B)MSwᵢthᵢn = MSbₑtwₑₑn
C)MSwᵢthᵢn < MSbₑtwₑₑn
D)Ratio = 1

Question 26

When interpreting F₍₂, ₂₇₎ = 8.80, p < .05, what is the within-groups df?

A)30
B)27
C)3
D)2

Question 27

When interpreting F₍₂, ₂₇₎ = 8.80, p < .05, how many groups were examined?

A)30
B)27
C)3
D)2

Question 28

If your MSbₑtwₑₑn is lower than your MSwᵢthᵢn, your F value will be _______.

A)higher
B)lower
C)the same
D)zero

Question 29

In a 4 × 3 factorial design, there are how many levels of the second grouping factor?

A)3
B)4
C)7
D)12

Question 30

In a 4 × 3 factorial ANOVA design, how many possible group assignments for subjects are there?

A)3
B)4
C)7
D)12

Question 31

If the amount of variability due to within-group differences is equal to the amount of variability due to between-group differences, your F value will be equal to _______.

A)0
B)1
C)−1
D)2

Question 32

If your MSbₑtwₑₑn is higher than your MSwᵢthᵢn, your F value will be _______.

A)higher
B)lower
C)the same
D)zero

Question 33

Using ANOVA, an alternative or research hypothesis could look like this:

A)H?: µ? = µ? = µ?
B)H?: µ? > µ? > µ?
C)H?: µ? = µ? > µ?
D) $$H _ { 1 } : \bar { X } _ { 1 } \neq \bar { X } _ { 2 } \neq \bar { X } _ { 3 }$$

Question 34

In a 4 × 3 factorial design, there are how many levels of the first grouping factor?

A)3
B)4
C)7
D)12

Question 35

What is the first step in the computation of the F statistic?

A)setting the level of risk
B)selecting the appropriate test
C)computing the obtained value
D)stating the null and research hypotheses

Question 36

In a 5 × 4 factorial ANOVA design, how many possible group assignments for subjects are there?

A)5
B)20
C)4
D)9

Question 37

When interpreting F₍₂, ₂₇₎ = 8.80, p < .05, what is the total sample size examined?

A)30
B)29
C)3
D)2

Question 38

The variability within groups is due to _______.

A)chance
B)the grouping factor
C)the F ratio
D)the level of the dependent variable

Question 39

If your MSwᵢthᵢn is lower than your MSbₑtwₑₑn, your F value will be _______.

A)higher
B)lower
C)the same
D)one

Question 40

Using ANOVA, a null hypothesis could look like this:

A)H?: µ? = µ? = µ?
B)H?: µ? > µ? > µ?
C)H?: µ? = µ? > µ?
D) $$H _ { 1 } : \bar { X } _ { 1 } \neq \bar { X } _ { 2 } \neq \bar { X } _ { 3 }$$

Question 41

If you wanted to examine whether the television viewing differs based on students' grade in school (i.e., first, second, third, etc.), what is the dependent variable of interest?

A)grade level
B)students
C)academic performance
D)television viewing

Question 42

If you perform multiple t-tests, which of the following is true?

A)The risk of Type I error increases.
B)The risk of Type I error decreases.
C)The risk of Type I error is not impacted.
D)There is a 10% chance of committing a Type I error.

Question 43

Talking about the direction of specific differences in ANOVA would not make any sense because it is a(n) _______ test.

A)monobus
B)multibus
C)omnibus
D)octobus

Question 44

There are several types of ANOVA.

Question 45

What is the next step after stating the null and research hypotheses in the computation of the F statistic?

A)setting the level of risk
B)selecting the appropriate test
C)computing the obtained value
D)stating research hypotheses

Question 46

ANOVA constitutes a pairwise comparison.

Question 47

What is the next step after choosing the level of significance in the computation of the F statistic?

A)setting the level of risk
B)selecting the appropriate test
C)computing the obtained value
D)stating research hypotheses

Question 48

The simple analysis of variance, or one-way analysis of variance, includes only one factor or treatment variable in the analysis.

Question 49

A researcher wants to create an intervention to improve the well-being of first-semester graduate students, so she gives one group of students specific doses of rocky road ice cream, the next group of students specific doses of licorice, and the third group of students specific doses of chewy fruit-flavored candies for their treatments.To analyze the differences in well-being between the types of "treatment," she would use a(n) _______.

A)dependent-samples t-test
B)analysis of variance
C)independent-samples t-test
D)repeated-measures analysis of variance

Question 50

A research study is investigating the effects of studying French 1, 2, or 3 hours weekly between fourth graders and ninth graders.How would this factorial design be best described?

A)2 × 3
B)3 × 2
C)3 × 3
D)6 × 3

Question 51

When interpreting F₍₂, ₅₇₎ = 10.80, p < .01, how many groups were examined?

A)60
B)57
C)3
D)2

Question 52

Analysis of Variance refers to ANOVA.

Question 53

When interpreting F₍₂, ₅₇₎ = 10.80, p < .01, what is the within-groups df?

A)60
B)57
C)3
D)2

Question 54

If you wanted to examine whether the television viewing differs based on students' grade in school (i.e., first, second, third, etc.), what is the independent variable of interest?

A)grade level
B)students
C)academic performance
D)television viewing

Question 55

In ANOVA, the variance due to differences in performance is separated into variance that is due to differences between individuals _______ groups and variance due to differences _______ groups.

A)within; between
B)above; between
C)above; within
D)over; between

Question 56

When interpreting F₍₂, ₅₇₎ = 10.80, p < .01, what is the total sample size examined?

A)60
B)57
C)3
D)2

Question 57

ANOVA first tests for an overall difference between the means.This is known as what type of test?

A)omnibus
B)pluribus
C)omnivorous
D)omnibor

Question 58

A research study is investigating the effects of studying Chinese 1 or 2 hours weekly between eleventh graders and twelfth graders.How would this factorial design be best described?

A)2 × 2
B)3 × 2
C)2 × 3
D)3 × 3

Question 59

When interpreting F₍₂, ₅₇₎ = 10.80, p < .01, what is the between-groups df?

A)60
B)27
C)3
D)2

Question 60

What is the next step after choosing a specific test in the computation of the F statistic?

A)setting the level of risk
B)selecting the appropriate test
C)computing the obtained value
D)stating research hypotheses

Question 61

How would you interpret the equation: H₀: µ₁ = µ₂ = µ₃?

Question 62

If the total sample size was 50, and there were three groups examined, what is the between-groups degrees of freedom?

Question 63

If the total sample size was 50, and there were three groups examined, what is the within-groups degrees of freedom?

Question 64

What is the MSbₑtwₑₑn value?

Question 65

What is the MSwᵢthᵢn value?

Question 66

All F-tests are nondirectional.

Question 67

Why is it best not to perform multiple t-tests on the same data?

Question 68

How is ANOVA similar to and different from a t-test?

Question 69

How would you interpret the equation: ?

Question 70

What is the F value?

Question 71

The analysis of variance tests the difference between three or more means.

Question 72

Why is this statistical technique called analysis of variance?

Question 73

The F ratio is a ratio of the variability between groups to the variability within groups.

Question 74

Factorial design is a simpler type of ANOVA in which there is only one treatment factor being explored.

Question 75

Pairwise comparisons can be used in order to determine whether there are significant differences between specific groups.

Question 76

When you perform multiple t-tests, you increase the Type II error rate to higher than an acceptable rate.

Question 77

What is the sum of squares total?