Deck 11: The Prokaryotes: Domains Bacteria and Archaea

Question 1

Staphylococcus and Streptococcus can usually be differentiated by microscope examination because of

A)cell shape.
B)Gram stain reaction.
C)cell arrangement.
D)endospore formation.
E)acid-fast reaction.

Answer 1

C

Question 2

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of Neisseria?

A)requires X and V factors
B)cocci
C)gram-negative
D)aerobic
E)Some species are human pathogens.

Answer 2

A

Question 3

Escherichia coli belongs to the

A)proteobacteria.
B)gram-positive bacteria.
C)green sulfur bacteria.
D)spirochetes.
E)actinomycetes.

Answer 3

A

Question 4

Figure 11.1
What is group "c." in the key shown in Figure 11.1?

A)bacteroidetes
B)chlamydiae
C)fusobacteria
D)planctomycetes
E)spirochaetes

Question 5

The characteristic most notable regarding the mycoplasmas is that they

A)are aerotolerant.
B)carry out fermentative metabolism.
C)produce endospores.
D)are nonpathogenic.
E)lack cell walls.

Question 6

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of spirochetes?

A)possess an axial filament
B)gram-negative
C)helical shape
D)easily observed with brightfield microscopy
E)found in the human oral cavity

Question 7

Rickettsias differ from chlamydias in that rickettsias

A)are gram-negative.
B)are intracellular parasites.
C)require an arthropod for transmission.
D)form elementary bodies.
E)are enterics.

Question 8

Which of the following genera can be described as a non-motile aerobic gram negative rod?

A)Escherichia
B)Staphylococcus
C)Bordetella
D)Treponema
E)Neisseria

Question 9

Which of the following best describes the enterics,a bacterial group found primarily in the intestines of humans?

A)gram-negative aerobic rods and cocci
B)aerobic,helical bacteria
C)facultatively anaerobic gram-negative rods
D)gram-positive cocci
E)endospore-forming rods

Question 10

Which of the following is NOT an enteric?

A)Salmonella
B)Shigella
C)Escherichia
D)Enterobacter
E)Campylobacter

Question 11

Which of the following form conidiospores?

A)endospore-forming gram-positive rods and cocci
B)actinomycetes and related organisms
C)rickettsias
D)anaerobic gram-negative cocci
E)spiral and curved bacteria

Question 12

Which of the following bacteria is gram-negative?

A)Treponema
B)Corynebacterium
C)Bacillus
D)Staphylococcus
E)Mycobacterium

Question 13

Which of the following do you expect to be MOST resistant to high temperatures?

A)Bacillus subtilis
B)Escherichia coli
C)Neisseria gonorrhoeae
D)Staphylococcus aureus
E)Streptococcus pyogenes

Question 14

You have isolated a bacterium that grows in a medium containing only inorganic nutrients.Ammonia is oxidized to a nitrate ion.This bacterium is

A)gram-negative.
B)using anaerobic respiration.
C)a chemoautotroph.
D)a photoautotroph.
E)a photoheterotroph.

Question 15

Which of the following can survive in phagocytic cells and grows in refrigeration temperatures?

A)Borrelia burgdorferi
B)Mycoplasma hominis
C)Mycobacterium leprae
D)Clostridium botulinum
E)Listeria monocytogenes

Question 16

Requirements for X and V factors are used to identify

A)Staphylococcus.
B)Escherichia.
C)Neisseria.
D)Haemophilus.
E)Pseudomonas.

Question 17

The genus of bacteria that are particularly problematic in hospital settings due to their ability to grow in solutions with minute traces of unusual carbon sources is

A)Staphylococcus.
B)Pseudomonas.
C)Vibrio.
D)Campylobacter.
E)Legionella.

Question 18

Which of the following bacteria is gram-positive?

A)Pseudomonas
B)Salmonella
C)Streptococcus
D)Bacteroides
E)Rickettsia

Question 19

Which one of the following bacteria does NOT belong with the others?

A)Bacillus
B)Escherichia
C)Lactobacillus
D)Staphylococcus
E)Streptococcus

Question 20

Which of the following pairs is mismatched?

A)dissimilatory sulfate-reducing bacteria - produce H₂S
B)archaea - extremophiles
C)chemoautotrophic bacteria - fix atmospheric nitrogen
D)actinomycetes - reproduce by fragmentation
E)Cytophaga - a gliding,nonfruiting bacterium

Question 21

You have isolated a gram-positive rod.What should you do next?

A)Gram stain
B)lactose fermentation
C)endospore stain
D)flagella stain
E)enterotube

Question 22

The nonsulfur photosynthetic bacteria use organic compounds as

A)carbon and energy sources.
B)electron donors to reduce CO₂.
C)oxygen sources.
D)electron acceptors.
E)carbon and energy sources,and as electron donors to reduce CO₂.

Question 23

Which of the following pairs is mismatched?

A)spirochete - axial filament
B)spirilum - aerobic,helical bacteria
C)enterics - gram-negative
D)mycobacteria - acid-fast
E)Pseudomonas - gram-positive

Question 24

Which one of the following does NOT belong with the others?

A)Bartonella
B)Ehrlichia
C)Rickettsia
D)Staphylococcus
E)Wolbachia

Question 25

Both Beggiatoa and the purple sulfur bacteria use H₂S.These bacteria differ in that Beggiatoa

A)uses H₂S for an energy source.
B)uses H₂S for a carbon source.
C)uses light energy.
D)can photosynthesize.
E)is gram negative.

Question 26

Borrelia is classified as a spirochete because it

A)is aerobic.
B)possesses an axial filament.
C)is a rod.
D)is a pathogen.
E)is transmitted by ticks.

Question 27

Which one of the following bacteria does NOT belong with the other betaproteobacteria?

A)Bordetella
B)Burkholderia
C)Neisseria
D)Acidithiobacillus
E)Salmonella

Question 28

Streptomyces differs from Actinomyces because Streptomyces

A)is an archaea.
B)produces conidia.
C)forms filaments.
D)is a strict aerobe.
E)is a bacterium.

Question 29

Salmonella,Shigella,Yersinia,and Serratia are all

A)gram negative aerobes.
B)gram-negative facultatively anaerobic rods.
C)gram-positive aerobic cocci.
D)fermentative.
E)endospore-forming bacteria.

Question 30

You have isolated and grown a pure culture of a prokaryotic cell type.The first step in identification is a(n)

A)Gram stain.
B)lactose fermentation test.
C)endospore stain.
D)flagella stain.
E)DNA fingerprint.

Question 31

A primary difference between cyanobacteria and purple and green photosynthesizing bacteria is

A)energy source.
B)cell wall type.
C)electron donor for CO₂ reduction.
D)cell type.
E)color.

Question 32

Which of the following statements about the causative agent of Rocky Mountain spotted fever is FALSE?

A)It is an intracellular parasite.
B)It is transmitted by ticks.
C)It is in the genus Rickettsia.
D)It is gram-negative.
E)It is found in soil and water.

Question 33

All of the following bacteria are gram-positive.Which does NOT belong with the others?

A)Actinomyces
B)Gardnerella
C)Corynebacterium
D)Listeria
E)Mycobacterium

Question 34

Caulobacter are different from most bacteria in that they

A)are gram-negative.
B)are gram-positive.
C)have stalks.
D)lack cell walls.
E)are motile.

Question 35

Which of the following is the best reason to classify Streptococcus in the Lactobacillales?

A)Gram reaction
B)morphology
C)fermentation of lactose
D)rRNA sequences
E)found in dairy products

Question 36

All of the following bacteria are motile.Which does NOT have flagella?

A)Escherichia
B)Spirillum
C)Pseudomonas
D)spirochetes
E)Salmonella

Question 37

Streptomyces are important because they

A)make antibiotics.
B)produce conidia.
C)are implicated in acne.
D)are strict aerobes.
E)fix nitrogen.

Question 38

Which of the following bacteria are responsible for more infections and more different kinds of infections?

A)Streptococcus
B)Staphylococcus
C)Salmonella
D)Pseudomonas
E)Neisseria

Question 39

You have isolated an aerobic gram-positive,endospore-forming bacterium that grows well on nutrient agar.To which of the following groups does it most likely belong?

A)phototrophic bacteria
B)gammaproteobacteria
C)deltaproteobacteria
D)bacillales
E)The answer cannot be determined based on the information provided.

Question 40

Actinomycetes differ from fungi in that actinomycetes

A)are chemoheterotrophs.
B)lack a membrane-bounded nucleus.
C)require light.
D)are decomposers.
E)cause disease.

Question 41

Photosynthetic organisms always produce oxygen gas as a metabolic byproduct.

Question 42

Burkholderia was reclassified from the gammaproteobacteria to the betaproteobacteria because

A)it grows in disinfectants.
B)it is a gram-negative rod.
C)it causes infections in cystic fibrosis patients.
D)it causes melioidosis.
E)its rRNA sequence is similar to that of Neisseria.

Question 43

A biological control method to reduce the reproductive success of mosquitoes involves the use of

A)Acinetobacter.
B)Gemmata.
C)Neisseria.
D)Pelagibacter.
E)Wolbachia.

Question 44

Currently,no members of Archaea have been linked to human disease.

Question 45

A colleague proposes that the Archaea may be the oldest life forms currently inhabiting Earth.Do you agree? Explain.

Question 46

Chlamydia differ from most other bacteria in that they

A)have a developmental cycle.
B)lack a cell wall.
C)are acid-fast.
D)produce endospores.
E)are photosynthetic.

Question 47

The majority of bacterial species on Earth have not been successfully cultivated.

Question 48

The human body is typically free of archaeal species.

Question 49

Explain the rationale for using molecular data for classification,in the place of morphology.

Question 50

All gram-negative bacteria are classified as proteobacteria.

Question 51

Bacteroides and Escherichia are both gram-negative rods found in the large intestine.Why are they in different phyla?

Question 52

Describe two factors that contribute to the limits of our knowledge of microbial diversity.

Question 53

Bacteroides

A)are found in gingival crevices.
B)are found in the intestinal tract.
C)are strict aerobes.
D)are strict aerobes and found in gingival crevices.
E)are found in gingival crevices and in the intestinal tract.

Question 54

Myxobacteria are classified as actinobacteria due to fungal-like lifestyle.

Question 55

The deinococci can be categorized as extremophiles.

Question 56

Which of the following pairs is NOT correctly matched?

A)elementary body - Escherichia
B)endospore - Bacillus
C)endospore - Clostridium
D)heterocyst - cyanobacteria
E)myxospore - gliding bacteria

Question 57

The Gram stain is not suitable for identifying members of the Archaea.

Question 58

Two distinguishing factors of the epsilonproteobacteria that they are motile and microaerophilic.

Question 59

Bacterial predators such as Bdellovibrio are members of the betaproteobacteria.

Question 60

The use of culture-independent techniques has increased our understanding of microbial diversity without cultivation.Therefore,do microbiologists still need to attempt to grow new microbial species? Explain.