Deck 21: Microbial Diseases of the Skin and Eyes

Question 1

An eight-year-old girl has scabs and pus-filled vesicles on her face and throat.Three weeks earlier she had visited her grandmother,who had shingles.What infection does the eight-year-old have?

A)chickenpox
B)measles
C)fever blisters
D)scabies
E)rubella

Answer 1

A

Question 2

Exfoliative toxin is responsible for

A)otitis externa.
B)impetigo.
C)fever blisters.
D)scalded skin syndrome.
E)thrush.

Answer 2

D

Question 3

Staphylococcus aureus is responsible for all of the following EXCEPT

A)pimples.
B)sties.
C)boils.
D)carbuncles.
E)acne.

Answer 3

E

Question 4

Newborns' eyes are treated with an antibiotic

A)when Neisseria gonorrhoeae is isolated from the eyes.
B)when the mother is blind.
C)when the mother has genital herpes.
D)when the mother has gonorrhea.
E)as a routine precaution.

Question 5

Which of the following is NOT true of acne?

A)It can be treated by eliminating fatty foods from the diet.
B)It is often due to the action of Propionibacterium.
C)Drugs that inhibit sebum formation are useful in treating inflammatory acne.
D)Mild cases are treated with topical agents.
E)Antibiotics may be prescribed for moderate cases.

Question 6

Which region of the skin supports the largest bacterial population?

A)armpits
B)scalp
C)forearms
D)feet
E)All of these support similarly sized bacterial populations.

Question 7

All of the following are normal microbiota of the skin EXCEPT

A)Streptococcus.
B)Micrococcus.
C)Staphylococcus.
D)Propionibacterium.
E)Corynebacterium.

Question 8

Thrush and vaginitis are caused by

A)herpesvirus.
B)Chlamydia trachomatis.
C)Candida albicans.
D)Staphylococcus aureus.
E)Streptococcus pyogenes.

Question 9

All of the following are causative agents of conjunctivitis EXCEPT

A)Chlamydia trachomatis.
B)herpes simplex.
C)adenovirus.
D)Neisseria gonorrhoeae.
E)Haemophilus influenzae.

Question 10

A possible complication of chickenpox is

A)encephalitis.
B)fever blisters.
C)subacute sclerosing panencephalitis.
D)congenital rubella syndrome.
E)macular rash.

Question 11

All of the following are characteristic of the Group A beta-hemolytic streptococci EXCEPT

A)methicillin resistance.
B)M proteins.
C)the ability to damage cell membranes.
D)the ability to dissolve blood clots.
E)hyaluronidase production.

Question 12

Koplik spots are a diagnostic indicator of

A)chickenpox.
B)smallpox.
C)fifth disease.
D)rubella.
E)measles.

Question 13

All of the following are characteristic of Pseudomonas aeruginosa EXCEPT

A)gram-positive cell wall.
B)resistance to many types of disinfectants and antibiotics.
C)growth in moist environments.
D)production of pyocyanin.
E)rod-shaped.

Question 14

Which of the following cause(s)ringworm?

A)Microsporum
B)Epidermophyton
C)Mycobacterium
D)Microsporum and Epidermophyton
E)Microsporum,Epidermophyton,and Mycobacterium

Question 15

In which of the following respects is measles similar to German measles (rubella)?

A)They have a similar type of rash.
B)They are caused by the same virus.
C)Encephalitis is a possible complication.
D)Congenital complications may occur.
E)They can be controlled by vaccination.

Question 16

The greatest single cause of blindness in the world is

A)neonatal gonorrheal ophthalmia.
B)keratoconjunctivitis.
C)trachoma.
D)inclusion conjunctivitis.
E)pinkeye.

Question 17

All of the following are protective factors of the skin and its secretions EXCEPT

A)keratin.
B)tightly packed cells.
C)lysozyme production.
D)pyocyanin production.
E)salt.

Question 18

All of the following are transmitted via the respiratory route EXCEPT

A)smallpox.
B)chickenpox.
C)rubella.
D)tinea.
E)measles.

Question 19

Warts are caused by

A)papillomavirus.
B)poxvirus.
C)herpesvirus.
D)parvovirus.
E)Staphylococcus aureus.

Question 20

Which of the following is a subcutaneous mycosis?

A)tinea capitis
B)sporotrichosis
C)erysipelas
D)athlete's foot
E)Buruli ulcer

Question 21

Scabies is a skin disease caused by a

A)slow virus.
B)protozoan.
C)mite.
D)bacterium.
E)prion.

Question 22

The patient has a papular rash.Microscopic examination of skin scrapings reveals small eight-legged animals.The etiology is

A)Candida.
B)Microsporum.
C)Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
D)Staphylococcus aureus.
E)Sarcoptes.

Question 23

Which of the following is used to treat shingles?

A)penicillin
B)sulfonamide
C)trifluridine
D)fungicide
E)acyclovir

Question 24

Scabies is transmitted by

A)fomites.
B)food.
C)water.
D)soil.
E)respiratory secretions.

Question 25

Which of the following is used to treat candidiasis of the skin or mucous membranes?

A)penicillin
B)sulfonamide
C)trifluridine
D)miconazole
E)acyclovir

Question 26

Why is vaccination for rubella recommended?

A)It has a high mortality rate in school-age children.
B)Death from secondary infections is common.
C)There is a high incidence of congenital infections and birth defects.
D)Health care workers have a high incidence of infection.
E)It is no longer recommended;rubella has been eradicated.

Question 27

Which of the following are incorrectly matched?

A)varicella-zoster - chickenpox
B)parvovirus - fifth disease
C)HHV-6 - roseola
D)herpes zoster - shingles
E)poxvirus - fever blisters

Question 28

Which of the following is NOT caused by HSV-1?

A)cold sores
B)canker sores
C)herpes gladiatorum
D)herpes whitlow
E)herpes encephalitis

Question 29

The patient has vesicles and scabs over her forehead.Microscopic examination of skin scrapings shows gram-positive cocci in clusters.The etiology is

A)Candida.
B)Microsporum.
C)Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
D)Staphylococcus aureus.
E)Sarcoptes.

Question 30

Which of the following statements about congenital rubella syndrome is FALSE?

A)It is contracted during the first trimester of pregnancy.
B)It may be fatal to the unborn child.
C)It may result in deafness,blindness,and mental retardation.
D)It does not occur with subclinical infections.
E)It can be prevented by vaccinating women prior to pregnancy.

Question 31

The eradication of smallpox was possible because

A)it was a relatively mild disease.
B)insect vectors were eliminated.
C)there are no animal reservoirs of the virus.
D)it can be prevented with the same vaccine used to prevent chickenpox.
E)it occurs only in the tropics.

Question 32

Which of the following is used to treat herpetic keratitis?

A)penicillin
B)sulfonamide
C)trifluridine
D)fungicide
E)acyclovir

Question 33

The patient has scaling skin on his fingers.Conidiospores are seen in microscopic examination of skin scrapings.The etiology is

A)Candida.
B)Microsporum.
C)Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
D)Staphylococcus aureus.
E)Mycobacterium ulcerans.

Question 34

Buruli ulcer is caused by

A)gram-positive bacteria.
B)acid-fast bacteria.
C)a fungus.
D)a virus.
E)a mite.

Question 35

A 35-year-old woman has a red,raised rash on the inside of her thighs.Gram-stained skin scrapings show large budding cells with pseudohyphae.The infection is caused by

A)Candida albicans.
B)herpes simplex virus.
C)Staphylococcus aureus.
D)Streptococcus pyogenes.
E)varicella-zoster virus.

Question 36

Which of the following statements about Reye syndrome is FALSE?

A)It is associated with aspirin use.
B)It is a complication that may occur in chickenpox infection.
C)It mostly affects older adults.
D)Symptoms may include vomiting,drowsiness,or behavior changes.
E)Prolonged neurological problems may occur.

Question 37

A 45-year-old man has pus-filled vesicles distributed over his back in the upper right quadrant,over his right shoulder,and upper right quadrant of his chest.His symptoms are most likely due to

A)Candida albicans.
B)herpes simplex virus.
C)Staphylococcus aureus.
D)Streptococcus pyogenes.
E)varicella-zoster virus.

Question 38

Furuncles,toxic shock syndrome,and scalded skin syndrome all are caused by

A)Streptococcus pyogenes.
B)Staphylococcus aureus.
C)Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
D)Candida albicans.
E)Propionibacterium acnes.

Question 39

A patient has pus-filled vesicles and scabs on her face,throat,and lower back.She most likely has

A)measles.
B)mumps.
C)chickenpox.
D)rubella.
E)smallpox.

Question 40

Which of the following is used to treat sporotrichosis?

A)penicillin
B)sulfonamide
C)trifluridine
D)oral potassium iodide
E)acyclovir

Question 41

Which disease commonly leads to blindness in parts of the world but can be largely controlled through sanitary practices and health education?

A)Yaws
B)Buruli ulcer
C)Trachoma
D)Acanthomoeba keratitis
E)Herpetic keratitis

Question 42

Which of the following is likely to spread MRSA among athletes?

A)physical contact
B)whirlpool baths
C)taping gels
D)shared equipment
E)All of the answers are correct.

Question 43

Which of the following is incorrectly matched?

A)Haemophilus influenzae - pinkeye
B)Chlamydia trachomatis - trachoma
C)Neisseria gonorrhea - opthalmia neonatorum
D)Acanthamoeba - keratitis
E)Pseudomonas - inclusion conjunctivitis

Question 44

The normal flora of the skin is predominantly gram-negative rods.

Question 45

You are examining a scraping of an infected cornea under the brightfield microscope and see eukaryotic cells.This is probably a case of

A)Ophthalmia neonatorum.
B)Trachoma.
C)Trichiasis.
D)Acanthomoeba keratitis.
E)Herpetic keratitis.

Question 46

Acanthamoeba infections are usually transmitted via insects.

Question 47

The majority of the staphylococci isolated from human skin are coagulase-positive.

Question 48

Blue-green pus is characteristic of Pseudomonas wound infections.

Question 49

Only infestation with the body louse Pediculus humanus corporis,and not the head louse,spreads diseases.

Question 50

Candidiasis often occurs following antibiotic therapy for bacterial infections.

Question 51

A newborn infant develops a whitish overgrowth on the tongue and inner lips.This newborn is suffering from an infection with

A)Acanthomoeba.
B)Pediculus humanus.
C)Trichophyton.
D)Sporothrix schenkii.
E)Candida albicans

Question 52

A 17-year-old boy has pus-filled cysts on his face and upper back.Microscopic examination reveals gram-positive rods.This infection is caused by

A)Acanthamoeba.
B)herpes simplex virus.
C)Propionibacterium acnes.
D)Staphylococcus aureus.
E)Streptococcus pyogenes.

Question 53

The varicella-zoster virus is the causative agent of chickenpox and shingles.

Question 54

Which infectious agent causes conjunctivitis and may be contracted from non-chlorinated swimming pools?

A)Haemophilus influenzae
B)Chlamydia trachomatis
C)Treponema pallidum
D)Simplexvirus
E)Neisseria gonorrhoeae

Question 55

Assume that your lab partner swabs the side of his face and uses the swab to inoculate a nutrient agar plate.The next day,he performs a Gram stain on the colonies.They are gram-positive cocci.You advise him that he should next look for

A)an acid-fast reaction.
B)a coagulase reaction.
C)conidiospores.
D)pseudohyphae.
E)pseudopods.

Question 56

Haemophilus influenzae is the most common bacterial cause of pinkeye.

Question 57

Which of the following pairs is mismatched?

A)chickenpox - poxvirus
B)conjunctivitis - Chlamydia trachomatis
C)keratitis - Acanthamoeba
D)otitis externa - Pseudomonas
E)Buruli ulcer - Mycobacterium

Question 58

Inflammation of the thin clear membrane lining the eyelid and eye is properly termed

A)keratititis.
B)trachoma.
C)ophthalmia neonatorum.
D)conjunctivitis.
E)whitlow.

Question 59

Pathogens of the skin often enter via hair follicles and ducts of the sweat glands.

Question 60

The abbreviation "GAS" refers to pathogenic strains of Staphylococcus.

Question 61

A patient reports to the eye clinic associated with the regional health center with a painful inflamed left cornea.The patient reports that he typically wears contacts.What types of infectious agent might be causing the problem? What further information would you seek? Describe how you would confirm you suspicion and choose a drug to treat this individual.

Question 62

List the disease symptoms and virulence factors associated with Pseudomonas infections.Why can Pseudomonas be difficult to control in a hospital environment?

Question 63

Currently,the only remaining stocks of smallpox are located in the United States and in Russia.Several dates for the destruction of these stocks have been set,but then postponed.Discuss the pros and cons of destroying these remaining smallpox stocks.Do you feel they should be destroyed? Explain your answer.

Question 64

Compare and contrast the virulence factors associated with Staphylococcus and Streptococcus.Which of these agents is the most difficult to treat? Explain your answer.

Question 65

Describe the protective characteristics of the skin and mucus membranes and the ways pathogens may circumvent these to cause infections.