Deck 1: Describing Data: Graphical

Question 1

Dr.Thomas graduated from West Virginia University with a code value = 1 while Professor Harrison graduated from the Marshall University with a code value = 2.The scale of measurement likely represented by this information is:

A)nominal.
B)ordinal.
C)interval.
D)ratio.

Answer 1

nominal.

Question 2

Which of the following statements involve descriptive statistics as opposed to inferential statistics?

A)The Alcohol,Tobacco and Firearms Department reported that Seattle had 1,825 registered gun dealers in 2013.
B)Based on a survey of 380 magazine readers,the magazine reports that 30% of its readers prefer double column articles.
C)The FAA samples 425 traffic controllers in order to estimate the percent retiring due to job stress related illness.
D)Based on a sample of 350 professional baseball players,a baseball magazine reported that 23% of the parents of all professional baseball players did not play baseball.

Answer 2

The Alcohol,Tobacco and Firearms Department reported that Seattle had 1,825 registered gun dealers in 2013.

Question 3

Consider the following frequency distributions generated by Excel.What is the missing cumulative % value identified by the asterisk?

A)60.00%
B)5)00%
C)100%
D)90%

Answer 3

90%

Question 4

The length of time it takes to assemble a particular electronic component varies from one employee to another.Management has collected the time (in minutes)it took 20 different employees to assemble the component.The information is summarized in the following frequency distribution generated by Excel:
Which of the following statements is true?

A)50% of all the workers took exactly 15 minutes to assemble the component.
B)100% of all the workers took longer than 25 minutes to assemble the component.
C)Eleven workers assembled the component in 20 minutes or less.
D)Seven workers took 25 minutes or longer to assemble the component.

Question 5

A sample of 30 professional men was asked to estimate their yearly expenditures on clothes for work.The data are summarized in the following stem-and-leaf display. Stem = 100 Leaf = 10
What percentage of these men spent more than $600 and less than $700 on professional attire? (Round to nearest tenth of a percent. )

A)20.0%
B)23.3%
C)26.7%
D)30.0%

Question 6

Which of the following statements is incorrect?

A)Ordinal data may be described as qualitative.
B)Nominal data may be described as quantitative.
C)A categorical variable may produce ordinal data.
D)A discrete numerical variable may produce ratio scale data.

Question 7

Consider the following frequency distribution generated by Excel.What is the missing frequency value identified by the asterisk?

A)3
B)15
C)16
D)25

Question 8

Suppose a survey is taken of 300 high school seniors out of a total of 1,000 seniors.This group is probably a:

A)sample.
B)population.
C)system.
D)process.

Question 9

What type of graph does a stem-and-leaf resemble when turned vertically?

A)pie chart
B)scatter plot
C)histogram
D)line chart

Question 10

Consider the terms: information,data,and knowledge.From a statistical standpoint,list these terms in order of increasing usefulness in making decisions.

A)information,data,and knowledge
B)data,information,and knowledge
C)knowledge,information,and data
D)knowledge,data,and information

Question 11

When grouping data into classes it is recommended to have:

A)exactly 5 classes.
B)between 5 and 20 classes.
C)at least 5 classes.
D)at most 10 classes.

Question 12

What is the correct ranking of data from weakest or lowest level to strongest or highest level?

A)nominal,ordinal,interval and ratio
B)ordinal,nominal,interval and ratio
C)interval,nominal,ratio and ordinal
D)nominal,interval,ordinal,and ratio

Question 13

Which of the following variables is an example of a categorical variable?

A)The amount of money you spend on eating out each month.
B)The time it takes you to write a test.
C)The geographic region of the country in which you live.
D)The weight of a cereal box.

Question 14

A researcher used a procedure to select a sample of n objects from a population in such a way that each member of the population is chosen strictly by chance,is equally likely to be chosen,and every possible sample of size n has the same chance of selection.The procedure used by the researcher is known as:

A)descriptive statistics.
B)inferential statistics.
C)simple random sampling.
D)None of the above

Question 15

Which of the following is a quantitative variable?

A)the make of a washing machine
B)a person's gender
C)price of a car in thousands of dollars
D)whether a person is a college graduate or not

Question 16

A measurement scale that rates product quality as either 1 = poor,2 = average and 3 = good is known as:

A)nominal.
B)ordinal.
C)interval.
D)ratio.

Question 17

Which of the following is an example of a discrete random variable?

A)The monthly electric bill for a local business.
B)The number of people eating at a local café between noon and 2:00 p.m.
C)The amount of time it takes for a worker to complete a complex task.
D)The percentage of people living below the poverty level in Boston.

Question 18

The width of each bar in a histogram corresponds to the:

A)midpoint of the class.
B)number of observations in the class.
C)boundaries of the class.
D)percentage of observations in the class.

Question 19

When data are collected in a statistical study for only a portion or subset of all elements of interest the researcher is using a:

A)parameter.
B)sample.
C)statistic.
D)population.

Question 20

Consider the following frequency distribution generated by Excel.What proportion of these values are less than 63?

A)25%
B)60%
C)65%
D)35%

Question 21

You asked ten of your classmates about their weight.On the basis of this information,you stated that the average weight of all students in your university or college is 142.6 pounds.This is an example of:

A)descriptive statistics.
B)inferential statistics.
C)parameter.
D)population.

Question 22

Which of the following is a categorical variable?

A)tire pressure
B)bank account balance
C)daily sales in a store
D)eye color

Question 23

Which of the following statements involve inferential statistics as opposed to descriptive statistics?

A)The FAA reported there were 180 near misses among commercial aircraft last year.
B)A class of fifty five statistics students earned an average grade of 72.5.
C)The city business office reported 50 building permits for new single-family housing units.
D)Based on a sample of 450 subscribers,a local satellite TV system estimates that 45 percent of its subscribers watch a premium channel at least once per day.

Question 24

THE NEXT QUESTIONS ARE BASED ON THE FOLLOWING INFORMATION:
The Quality Assurance Department of a large restaurant is attempting to monitor and evaluate customer satisfaction with restaurant services.Prior to their departure,a random sample of customers is asked to fill out a short questionnaire to rate such services as quality of food,price,waiting time to be served,and cleanliness of the place.The Quality Assurance Department prepares weekly reports that are used to improve the services.
In this restaurant services study,the process of using this information to predict future needs of customers in the restaurant is called:

A)statistical survey.
B)systemic sampling.
C)descriptive statistics.
D)forecasting.

Question 25

Which of the following best describes the data: grade point averages for athletes?

A)categorical
B)quantitative
C)qualitative
D)relative frequency

Question 26

Pareto's principle is applied to a wide variety of behavior over many systems.It is sometimes referred to as the:

A)"20-80" Rule.
B)"80-20" Rule.
C)"10-90" Rule.
D)"90-10" Rule.

Question 27

A line graph that connects points that represent the cumulative percentage of observations below the upper limit of each class interval in a cumulative frequency distribution is known as a(n):

A)ogive.
B)frequency histogram.
C)frequency polygon.
D)scatter plot.

Question 28

At a large company,the majority of the employees earn from $22,000 to $32,000 per year.Middle management employees earn between $32,000 and $52,000 per year while top management earn between $54,000 and $104,000 per year.A histogram of all salaries would have which of the following shapes?

A)symmetrical
B)uniform
C)skewed to right
D)skewed to left

Question 29

An automobile insurance agent believes that company A is more reliable than company B.Which level of measurement does this information represent?

A)nominal
B)ordinal
C)interval
D)ratio

Question 30

A summary measure that is computed from a population is known as a(n):

A)parameter.
B)statistic.
C)sample.
D)inferential statistic.

Question 31

A company has developed a new battery,but the average lifetime is unknown.In order to estimate this average,a sample of 110 batteries is tested and the average lifetime of this sample is found to be 200 hours.The 200 hours is the value of a:

A)parameter.
B)statistic.
C)sampling frame.
D)population.

Question 32

In rating the service provided by a restaurant server,the following responses are possible: excellent,above average,average,below average,and poor.The responses are coded from 1 to 5 with 5 being excellent.The level of measurement this scale represents is:

A)nominal.
B)ordinal.
C)interval.
D)ratio.

Question 33

Which of the following is most likely a continuous numerical variable?

A)the number of gallons of paint purchased
B)the number of reams of paper ordered
C)the population of Egypt in 2005
D)the number of miles of interstate highways

Question 34

Which of the following best describes the data: zip codes for students attending Glenville College?

A)qualitative
B)numerical
C)quantitative
D)time-series

Question 35

Consider the following data: like,no preference,or dislike.Which of the following best describes these data?

A)qualitative
B)numerical
C)quantitative
D)attitude

Question 36

Which of the following statements is false?

A)Relative frequencies are often useful in a presentation because nearly everybody understands fractional parts when expressed as percents.
B)Relative frequencies are particularly useful when comparing the frequency distributions of two different size sets of data.
C)The histogram of a normal sample should have a distribution shape that is skewed.
D)A stem-and-leaf display contains all the information needed to create a histogram.

Question 37

THE NEXT QUESTIONS ARE BASED ON THE FOLLOWING INFORMATION:
The Quality Assurance Department of a large restaurant is attempting to monitor and evaluate customer satisfaction with restaurant services.Prior to their departure,a random sample of customers is asked to fill out a short questionnaire to rate such services as quality of food,price,waiting time to be served,and cleanliness of the place.The Quality Assurance Department prepares weekly reports that are used to improve the services.
In this restaurant services study,a listing of all customers in this restaurant over a particular week would constitute a:

A)sample.
B)population.
C)numerical variable.
D)process.

Question 38

Companies are often interested in knowing how customers learned about their products.They often solicit this information on mail-in warranty cards.The customers' responses for a particular product were gathered and the data are presented in the pie chart below. What percentage of respondents learned about the product through television or the Internet?

A)12%
B)39%
C)51%
D)100%

Question 39

THE NEXT QUESTIONS ARE BASED ON THE FOLLOWING INFORMATION:
The Quality Assurance Department of a large restaurant is attempting to monitor and evaluate customer satisfaction with restaurant services.Prior to their departure,a random sample of customers is asked to fill out a short questionnaire to rate such services as quality of food,price,waiting time to be served,and cleanliness of the place.The Quality Assurance Department prepares weekly reports that are used to improve the services.
In this restaurant services study,the process of using sample information for predictions,forecasts,and estimates is called:

A)inferential statistics.
B)descriptive statistics.
C)statistical survey.
D)process.

Question 40

Which of the following is the graphical analog of a frequency table?

A)histogram
B)scatter plot
C)time series plot
D)contingency table

Question 41

When data is collected using a qualitative,nominal variable,what is true about a frequency distribution that summarizes the data?

A)Lower and upper class limits can be computed.
B)Class midpoints can be computed.
C)Number of classes corresponds to number of the variable's categories.
D)None of the above

Question 42

If three possible values of a variable represent distinct categories of similar objects or events,the variable is referred to as a:

A)numerical variable.
B)categorical variable.
C)binary variable.
D)none of the above

Question 43

THE NEXT QUESTIONS ARE BASED ON THE FOLLOWING INFORMATION:
In a recent marketing experiment,consumers were given one of four different types of dishwashing detergent and asked to use it for a month.At the end of that time they were asked to rate the detergent in terms of overall quality.The results are presented below.

Of the customers who rated their detergent good,what percentage evaluated Brand C?

A)23.6%
B)34.0%
C)8)0%
D)28.8%

Question 44

A time-series plot is essentially a:

A)histogram.
B)scatter plot.
C)Pareto diagram.
D)pie chart.

Question 45

A professor needs to select a volunteer for a project.Which of the following would not be an example of a simple random sample?

A)He chooses a number between 00 and 99.The student whose phone number has the last two digits closest to the one the professor has chosen is selected.
B)He chooses that individual whose name is first in alphabetical order.
C)He puts all student names in a bowl,mixes them up,and selects one.
D)He has each student select a number between 0 and 99 and write it down.He then selects the student whose number is closest to the last two digits of his social security number.

Question 46

THE NEXT QUESTIONS ARE BASED ON THE FOLLOWING INFORMATION:
In a recent marketing experiment,consumers were given one of four different types of dishwashing detergent and asked to use it for a month.At the end of that time they were asked to rate the detergent in terms of overall quality.The results are presented below.

Of the customers who were given Brand A,what percentage rated it poor?

A)12.5%
B)2)40%
C)11.6%
D)18.9%

Question 47

THE NEXT QUESTIONS ARE BASED ON THE FOLLOWING INFORMATION:
In a recent marketing experiment,consumers were given one of four different types of dishwashing detergent and asked to use it for a month.At the end of that time they were asked to rate the detergent in terms of overall quality.The results are presented below.

What percentage of the consumers evaluated Brand A?

A)20.3%
B)16.7%
C)23.0%
D)18.9%

Question 48

THE NEXT QUESTIONS ARE BASED ON THE FOLLOWING INFORMATION:
In a recent marketing experiment,consumers were given one of four different types of dishwashing detergent and asked to use it for a month.At the end of that time they were asked to rate the detergent in terms of overall quality.The results are presented below.

What percentage of the consumers rated their detergent fair or good?

A)49.0%
B)41.0%
C)17.5%
D)23.6%

Question 49

Which of the following statements is false?

A)A Pareto diagram is a bar graph with the bars arranged from the most numerous categories to the least numerous categories.
B)A Pareto diagram includes a line graph displaying the cumulative percentages and counts for the bars.
C)A Pareto diagram of types of defects will show the ones that have the greatest effect on the defective rate in order of effect.It is then easy to see which defects should be targeted in order to most effectively lower the defective rate.
D)A Pareto diagram shows the most frequent bars on the right.

Question 50

Numerical variables can be subdivided into two types.What are they?

A)diverse and categorical
B)discrete and continuous
C)nominal and progressive
D)cross-sectional and discrete

Question 51

Which analytical tool is often used to separate the "vital few" from the "trivial many"?

A)Pareto diagram
B)pie chart
C)line chart
D)histogram

Question 52

A variable within a range of real numbers is referred to as a:

A)continuous variable.
B)categorical variable.
C)discrete variable.
D)parameter.

Question 53

A summary measure that is computed from a sample to describe a characteristic of the population is known as a(n):

A)parameter.
B)statistic.
C)population.
D)inferential statistic.

Question 54

Dimensional characteristics,such as height,are an example of a:

A)continuous random variable.
B)discrete random variable.
C)categorical random variable.
D)any of the above

Question 55

Gender and state of birth are examples of which type of data?

A)discrete
B)continuous
C)categorical
D)ordinal

Question 56

An observed subset of the population that is usually selected for analysis is called:

A)knowledge.
B)a sample.
C)a statistic.
D)a process.

Question 57

In a frequency distribution,what is the number of observations in a class called?

A)class midpoint
B)class frequency
C)class interval
D)none of the above

Question 58

THE NEXT QUESTIONS ARE BASED ON THE FOLLOWING INFORMATION:
In a recent marketing experiment,consumers were given one of four different types of dishwashing detergent and asked to use it for a month.At the end of that time they were asked to rate the detergent in terms of overall quality.The results are presented below.

What percentage of the consumers rated their detergent below average?

A)41.0%
B)59.0%
C)17.5%
D)18.9%

Question 59

A variable is classified as ordinal if:

A)there is a natural ordering of categories.
B)there is no natural ordering of categories.
C)the data arise from continuous measurements.
D)the variable is tracked over a period of time.

Question 60

THE NEXT QUESTIONS ARE BASED ON THE FOLLOWING INFORMATION:
In a recent marketing experiment,consumers were given one of four different types of dishwashing detergent and asked to use it for a month.At the end of that time they were asked to rate the detergent in terms of overall quality.The results are presented below.

What percentage of the consumers rated their detergent average or better?

A)23.6%
B)40.1%
C)81.1%
D)17.5%

Question 61

The bar chart that best identifies major causes of problems or defects by displaying the frequency of defect causes is called a:

A)pie chart.
B)scatter plot.
C)stem-and-leaf display.
D)Pareto diagram.

Question 62

The type of variables which produce responses that belong to groups or categories,such as responses to yes or no questions,are called:

A)continuous numerical variables.
B)discrete numerical variables.
C)categorical variables.
D)inverse variables.

Question 63

A baseball player is assigned the number 15 and another one the number 25.This is an example of ________ data.

A)quantitative
B)interval
C)ratio levels
D)qualitative

Question 64

Which of the following statements about a pie chart is false?

A)A pie chart is graphical representation of the proportion or percentage of frequency of each category of a categorical variable.
B)A pie chart is usually used to display the relative sizes of categories of a numerical variable.
C)A pie chart always has the shape of a circle.
D)The size of each slice of a pie chart is the proportion or percentage of frequency of the corresponding category of a categorical variable.

Question 65

A source of error resulting from the fact that information is available only on a subset of the total population is referred to as a(n):

A)nonsampling error.
B)irrelevant error.
C)inaccurate error.
D)sampling error.

Question 66

Annual university enrollment,annual interest rates,daily stock closing prices for shares,and monthly products sales are examples of which type of data?

A)parameters
B)Pareto diagram
C)time-series data
D)pie charts

Question 67

A more serious error resulting from errors in the kind of sampling procedure used is called a(n):

A)nonsampling error.
B)irrelevant error.
C)inaccurate error.
D)sampling error.

Question 68

What is the best type of chart for comparing two sets of categorical data?

A)Ogive
B)bar chart
C)pie chart
D)histogram

Question 69

THE NEXT QUESTIONS ARE BASED ON THE FOLLOWING INFORMATION:
What percentage of music is listened to on mobile devices?

A)39%
B)76%
C)20%
D)46%

Question 70

One manner in which to bring attention to data summarized in a table showing relative frequencies is by the use of a:

A)bar chart.
B)pie chart.
C)scatter plot.
D)stem-and-leaf display.

Question 71

THE NEXT QUESTIONS ARE BASED ON THE FOLLOWING INFORMATION:
Where is most music listened to?

A)Car
B)Ipod
C)PC
D)Living Room

Question 72

Anita collected a data set on the weights (to the nearest pounds)of all students at her university.The best graph to describe this data is a:

A)histogram
B)pie chart
C)bar chart
D)scatter plot

Question 73

A table used to organize data where the left column includes classes or groups and the right column includes the frequencies or observation for each class is called a:

A)crosstab.
B)frequency distribution.
C)relative frequency distribution.
D)class chart.

Question 74

If the observations are not symmetrically distributed on either side of its center,the histogram is said to be:

A)leaning.
B)pointing.
C)skewed.
D)wide.

Question 75

The table which lists the number of observations for every combination of values for two categorical or ordinal variables is called a:

A)frequency distribution.
B)relative frequency distribution.
C)cross table.
D)class chart.

Question 76

The procedure used to select a sample of objects from a population in a way that each member of the population is chosen strictly by chance and is equally likely to be chosen is called:

A)sampled population.
B)systematic sampling.
C)simple random sampling.
D)self-selected sampling.

Question 77

A frequency distribution of numerical data differs from a frequency distribution for categorical data in that a frequency distribution for numerical data:

A)focuses on number and width of classes.
B)does not contain classes.
C)lists the classes in the right column.
D)lists the observations in the left column.

Question 78

A researcher randomly picks the first item or subject from a population,N then selects each j^th subject where j is the ratio of the population size,N to the desired sample size,n.In this case,the researcher is using:

A)random sampling.
B)systematic random sampling.
C)population sampling.
D)parameter sampling.

Question 79

Suppose a sample size of 50 is desired and the population consists of 2,500 names in alphabetical order.The j^th,or systematic sampling number would be:

A)50.
B)100.
C)250.
D)500.

Question 80

We can describe graphically the shape of a distribution by a:

A)pie chart.
B)histogram.
C)scatter plot.
D)line chart.