Deck 11: Knowledge Management and Specialized Information Systems

Question 1

Research, called the Brain Computer Interface, is ongoing to directly connect the human brain and have human thought control computer activities.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

The inference engine coordinates the flow of knowledge to other components of the expert systems.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

Learning systems allow a computer to change how it reacts to situations based on feedback it receives.

Answer 3

False

Question 4

Data mining and business intelligence are often used to capture the knowledge stored in a knowledge management system.

Question 5

Although computers excel at numerical calculations, they are not as good at dealing with symbols and three-dimensional objects.

Question 6

Many groups use patents, copyrights, trade secrets, Internet firewalls to keep prying eyes from seeing important knowledge that is expensive and hard to create.

Question 7

Voice recognition is used with natural language processing to convert sound waves into words.

Question 8

A new knowledge base must be built for each unique expert system application.

Question 9

Secretaries, administrative assistants, bookkeepers, and similar data-entry people are often called knowledge workers.

Question 10

Expert systems, robotics, vision systems, natural language processing, learning systems, and neural networks are all part of the broad field of artificial intelligence.

Question 11

Robotics involves developing mechanical or computer devices that can paint cars, make precision welds, and perform tasks that require a high degree of precision or are tedious or hazardous for humans.

Question 12

A perceptive system allows a machine to approximate the way a person sees, hears, and feels objectives.

Question 13

Expert systems use heuristics to arrive at conclusions or make recommendations.

Question 14

Many organizations actively attempt to convert explicit knowledge to tacit knowledge.

Question 15

The Watson computer supercomputer developed by IBM was able narrowly missed defeating two prior champions of the TV game show Jeopardy.

Question 16

A neural network relies on massively parallel processing to enable a computer to simulate the function of a human brain.

Question 17

A COP is a group of people dedicated to a common discipline or practice, such as open-source software, auditing, medicine, or engineering.

Question 18

A genetic algorithm can be used to search the vast resources of the Internet to find information on any topic.

Question 19

Vision systems are not yet effective at identifying people based on facial features.

Question 20

Knowledge management and specialized information systems are used in only a few industries.

Question 21

____ involves converting sound waves into words.

A) Natural language processing
B) Learning systems
C) Voice recognition
D) Virtual reality

Question 22

The domain expert is the person with the expertise the expert system is trying to capture.

Question 23

The genetic algorithm approach is based on the theory of evolution that requires (1) variation and (2) ____.

A) rapid changes over time
B) large, complex problems
C) natural selection
D) linear programming optimization

Question 24

In just the past five years, expert system shells have become available to lessen the burden of programming, allowing nonprogrammers to develop and benefit from the use of expert systems.

Question 25

When audio files are played while they are being downloaded from the Internet, it is called streaming audio.

Question 26

Bioinformatics combines biology and computer science.

Question 27

An expert system can use cases to develop the solution to a problem by finding cases stored in the knowledge base that are similar to the problem at hand and then modifying the solution to the cases to fit the current problem.

Question 28

Virtual reality simulations require special interface devices that transmit the sights, sounds, and sensations of the simulated world to the user. \

Question 29

______ systems include the people, procedures, hardware, software, data, and knowledge needed to develop computer system,s and machines that demonstrate characteristics of intelligence.

A) Neural network
B) Learning
C) Artificial intelligence
D) Robotic

Question 30

The user interface makes an expert system easier to both develop and use.

Question 31

Knowing the best way to negotiate with a foreign government about a volatile hostage situation is an example of ______ knowledge.

A) intuitive
B) tacit
C) explicit
D) valuable

Question 32

A(n) ____ is a conditional statement that links conditions to actions or outcomes.

A) IF-THEN-ELSE statement
B) case
C) rule
D) none of the above

Question 33

____ knowledge that is hard to measure and document and typically is not objective or formalized.

A) Tacit
B) Shared
C) Implicit
D) Explicit

Question 34

______ is the awareness and understanding of a set of information and the ways that information can be made useful to support a specific task or reach a decision.

A) Cognition
B) Knowledge
C) Intuition
D) Sixth sense

Question 35

A(n) ____ system requires an extension of understanding visual images.

A) robotics
B) perceptive
C) learning
D) virtual reality

Question 36

____ can process many pieces of data at the same time and learn to recognize patterns.

A) Voice recognition systems
B) Natural language processing systems
C) Learning systems
D) Neural networks

Question 37

Assistive technology systems help overcome disabilities or improve health.

Question 38

After entering the appropriate attributes, the knowledge acquisition facility correctly stores information and relationships in the knowledge base, making the knowledge base easier and less expensive to set up and maintain.

Question 39

______ are people who create, use, and disseminate knowledge.

A) Knowledge workers
B) Employees
C) Data workers
D) Clerks

Question 40

An expert system, using the explanation facility, can indicate all the facts and rules that were used in reaching the conclusion.

Question 41

____ is a file conversion program that can be used to compress multimedia files to make them easier to download from the Internet or send as an e-mail attachment.

A) Apple Quick Time
B) WinZip
C) Grass Valley
D) CorelDraw

Question 42

In an expert system, the ____ is the component that delivers the expert advice.

A) inference engine
B) knowledge acquisition facility
C) user interface
D) explanation facility

Question 43

When video files are played while being downloaded from the Internet, it is called ____.

A) illegal downloading
B) copyright violation
C) video streaming
D) all of the above

Question 44

One special application of computer technology is derived from a branch of mathematics called ______, which involves the use of information systems to develop competitive strategies.

A) informatics
B) bioinformatics
C) game theory
D) None of the above

Question 45

The ____ allows the expert system user to understand how the system arrived at its results.

A) inference engine
B) knowledge base
C) explanation facility
D) knowledge acquisition facility

Question 46

The haptic interface, relays the sense of ____ in the virtual world.

A) sight
B) sound
C) touch
D) taste

Question 47

Special purpose systems that help overcome disabilities or improve health are called ____.

A) assistive technology
B) health systems
C) forensics software
D) none of the above

Question 48

The ____ is the person or group with the expertise or knowledge the expert is trying to capture.

A) domain expert
B) knowledge user
C) knowledge engineer
D) system developer

Question 49

____________________ knowledge is objective and can be measured and documented.

Question 50

____ is a popular and sophisticated software package that can be used to edit photographs and other visual images.

A) PowerPoint
B) Microsoft Silverlight
C) Adobe Photoshop
D) All of the above

Question 51

____ , another specialized system, combines traditional disciplines, such as science and medicine, with computer systems and technology.

A) Informatics
B) Game theory
C) Assistive technology
D) All of the above

Question 52

____ has the potential to superimpose digital data over real photos so that GPS maps can be combined with real pictures of stores and streets to help you locate your position.

A) Immersive virtual reality
B) Telepresence\
C) Augmented reality
D) Location reality

Question 53

The ____ stores all relevant information, data, rules, cases, and relationships that the expert system uses.

A) inference engine
B) knowledge base
C) inference engine
D) data warehouse

Question 54

Graphic images can be stored in a variety of formats including ____.

A) JPEG and GIF
B) MP3 and MPEG
C) ISDB and DVB
D) none of the above

Question 55

A(n) ____ is a person who has training or experience in the design, development, implementation, and maintenance of an expert system.

A) knowledge user
B) knowledge engineer
C) domain expert
D) none of the above

Question 56

Some organizations and professions use a group of people dedicated to a common discipline called a(n) ____________________ to create, store, and share knowledge.

Question 57

John McCarthy proposed the use of the term ____________________ to describe computers with the ability to mimic or duplicate the functions of the human brain.

Question 58

After knowledge is created, it is often stored in a(n) ____________________ that includes documents, reports, files, and databases.

Question 59

____________________ is a collection of facts organized so that they have additional value beyond the value of the facts themselves.

Question 60

The expert system knowledge acquisition facility serves as an interface between ____.

A) the end users and inference engine
B) experts and knowledge base
C) the decision makers and the knowledge base
D) the system developers and explanation facility

Question 61

The ____________________ is the person who has training or experience in the design, development, implementation, and maintenance of an expert system.

Question 62

CGI or ____________________ technology is used to bring realism to the movie screen.

Question 63

When audio files are being played while being downloaded from the Internet, it is called ____________________.

Question 64

____________________ allows a computer to understand and react to statements and commands made in a "natural" language, such as English.

Question 65

____________________ is text, graphics, video, animation, audio, and other media that can be used to help an organization efficiently and effectively achieve its goals.

Question 66

A(n) ____________________ consists of programs and a knowledge base used to perform a specific task for a person, a process, or another program.

Question 67

No computer has passed the ____________________ , developed by Alan Turing, a British mathematician.

Question 68

The analog and older digital formats must be ______ into a newer digital format before they can be edited and processed by today's multimedia software.

Question 69

____________________ is an approach to solving large, complex problems in which many repeated operations or models change and evolve until the best one emerges.

Question 70

A(n) ____________________ 50,000 times smaller than the thickness of a human hair has been developed that if successful, could destroy bacteria.

Question 71

Smart ____________________ have been placed in the St. Anthony Falls Bridge to measure and report on any potential structural problems.

Question 72

____________________ is a computer system that can act like or simulate the functioning of a human brain.

Question 73

______, a supercomputer developed by IBM with artificial intelligence capabilities, was able to soundly defeat two prior champions of the game show Jeopardy.

Question 74

The purpose of the ____________________ is to seek information and relationships from the knowledge base and to provide answers, predictions, and suggestions similar to the way a human expert would.

Question 75

____________________ statements are rules that suggest certain conclusions.

Question 76

The __________________ attempts to determine whether responses from a computer with intelligent behavior are indistinguishable from responses from a human being.

Question 77

Ray ____________________ foresees that by 2045 human and machine intelligence might merge.

Question 78

____________________ is a process where the computer makes a decision, analyzes the results, and then makes a better decision based on the analysis.

Question 79

A(n) ____________________ system consists of hardware and software that stores knowledge and makes inferences, similar to an experienced and well trained worker.

Question 80

The main purpose of the ____________________ is to provide a convenient and efficient means of capturing and storing all components of the knowledge base.