Deck 6: Overview of Cell Biology

Question 1

The number of mitochondria in cells varies from a few hundred to several thousand.The greatest number is found in cells exhibiting:

A) almost no activity.
B) moderate activity.
C) no activity.
D) the greatest activity.

Answer 1

the greatest activity.

Question 2

The cell components that contain the centrioles are the:

A) centrosomes.
B) Golgi apparatus and mitochondria.
C) lysosomes.
D) ribosomes.

Answer 2

centrosomes.

Question 3

When RNA is expelled into the cytoplasm,what component in the nucleus assists in the manufacturing of protein?

A) Chromosomes
B) DNA
C) Nucleolus
D) RNA

Answer 3

Nucleolus

Question 4

Which of the following are compounds called purines?
1)Adenine and cytosine
2)Adenine and guanine
3)Adenine and thymine

A) 1 only
B) 2 only
C) 3 only
D) 1, 2, and 3

Question 5

What should the constant temperature of the human body be?

A) 28° C
B) 37° C
C) 43° C
D) 57° C

Question 6

Which of the following serves as a prototype for messenger RNA (mRNA)?

A) Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)
B) Nitric acid (HNO3)
C) Potassium (K) and sodium (Na)
D) Transfer RNA (tRNA)

Question 7

Adenine bonds only with:

A) cytosine.
B) guanine.
C) hydrogen.
D) thymine.

Question 8

Inorganic materials are compounds that:

A) contain only very small amounts of carbon.
B) contain moderate amounts of carbon.
C) contain large amounts of carbon.
D) do not contain carbon.

Question 9

Which of the following is/are considered to be acellular tissue?

A) Bone
B) Fat
C) Muscle
D) Hair and nails

Question 10

The steps,or rungs,of the DNA ladder-like structure consist of complementary chemicals that are:

A) acetic acids.
B) fatty acids.
C) pairs of nitrogenous bases.
D) sugar-phosphate compounds.

Question 11

If exposure to outside influence such as ionizing radiation damages the components of the cell involved in molecular synthesis beyond repair,then cells:
1)behave abnormally.
2)die.
3)take on a glowing greenish color when viewed under an electronic microscope.

A) 1 and 2 only
B) 1 and 3 only
C) 2 and 3 only
D) 1, 2, and 3

Question 12

A nucleotide is formed from a nitrogen-containing organic base,a ________________ molecule,and a phosphate molecule.

A) three-carbon sugar
B) five-carbon sugar
C) seven-carbon sugar
D) nine-carbon sugar

Question 13

In general,which of the following can human cells do?
1)Move,grow,react,and protect themselves
2)Repair damage and regulate life processes
3)Reproduce

A) 1 and 2 only
B) 1 and 3 only
C) 2 and 3 only
D) 1, 2, and 3

Question 14

Which of the following causes an increase in cellular activity that in turn causes biochemical reactions to occur more rapidly to meet the needs of the cell?

A) Acetic acids
B) Enzymes
C) Hormones
D) Nucleic acids

Question 15

The much smaller structures that make up nucleic acids are called:

A) carbohydrates.
B) fatty acids.
C) nucleotides.
D) polysaccharides.

Question 16

Antibodies are protein molecules produced by specialized cells in the bone marrow called:

A) B lymphocytes.
B) R lymphocytes.
C) megakaryocytes.
D) oocytes.

Question 17

How many different amino acids are involved in protein synthesis?

A) 7
B) 15
C) 22
D) 39

Question 18

In the human body mineral salts are necessary for:
1)proper cell function.
2)creation of energy.
3)conduction of impulses along nerves.

A) 1 and 2 only
B) 1 and 3 only
C) 2 and 3 only
D) 1, 2, and 3

Question 19

During which of the following subphases of mitosis do the centrioles migrate to opposite sides of the cell and begin to regulate the formation of the mitotic spindle?

A) Anaphase
B) Metaphase
C) Prophase
D) Telophase

Question 20

Cytosine bonds only with:

A) adenine.
B) guanine.
C) nitrogen.
D) thymine.

Question 21

Which of the following is essentially a "protein machine" that segregates chromosomes to two daughter cells during the cell division process?

A) Endoplasmic reticulum
B) Mitotic spindle
C) Mitochondria
D) Golgi apparatus

Question 22

During mitosis,which phase of the cellular life cycle is the actual DNA synthesis period?

A) G1
B) G2
C) M
D) S

Question 23

Fraternal twins may also be referred to as:

A) dizygotic twins.
B) monozygotic twins.
C) polyzygotic twins.
D) trizygotic twins.

Question 24

What is a highly coiled strand that is one of two duplicated portions of DNA in a replicated chromosome that appear during cell division identified as?

A) A centrosome
B) A centromere
C) A chromatid
D) A curl

Question 25

During what phase of mitosis do the paired sister chromatids separate from one another to form individual daughter chromosomes?

A) Prophase
B) Metaphase
C) Anaphase
D) Telophase