Deck 2: The Social Sources of Illness

Question 1

Which of the following is inherently the most dangerous to use?

A) heroin
B) cocaine
C) opium
D) caffeine
E) alcohol

Answer 1

E

Question 2

Which of the following statements is true?

A) Widespread use of antibiotics has led to an increase in infectious diseases.
B) As more people in poorer countries are moving to cities, infectious disease is increasing.
C) Globalization is helping to spread infectious disease.
D) all of the above
E) a and b only

Answer 2

D

Question 3

Research suggests that

A) having a gun in the home significantly increases the odds of homicide.
B) having a gun in the home reduces the chances of being killed if one's home is forcibly entered.
C) strangers kill about half of all homicide victims.
D) gun ownership increases the risk of homicide for African-American men but not for white men.
E) none of the above

Answer 3

A

Question 4

The percentage of persons living in the United States who have epilepsy is best referred to as

A) the incidence of epilepsy.
B) the prevalence of epilepsy.
C) the rate of epilepsy.
D) the epidemiological transition.
E) the demographic transition.

Question 5

Morbidity refers to

A) deaths.
B) illness.
C) infections.
D) chronic fatigue syndrome.
E) macroeconomics.

Question 6

How have social factors and conditions contributed to the spread of HIV?

Question 7

According to McGinnis and Foege,the most common cause of premature deaths is

A) illegal drugs.
B) diet and exercise.
C) AIDS.
D) tobacco.
E) microbial agents.

Question 8

Which of the following is true?

A) Nicotine is an addictive drug.
B) Tobacco use contributes to infant mortality.
C) Living or working around tobacco smokers increases risks of mortality and morbidity.
D) all of the above
E) a and b only

Question 9

Which of the following would be most likely to reduce medical errors?

A) developing systems to identify ill-trained nurses
B) developing systems to identify drug-abusing doctors
C) increasing autopsy rates
D) making it easier for patients to sue incompetent doctors
E) holding more Medical Mortality Review conferences

Question 10

To increase sales of tobacco,tobacco producers have

A) emphasized that smoking can lead to weight loss.
B) sued the US Public Health Service.
C) refrained from advertising to children.
D) targeted men rather than women.
E) primarily targeted wealthy whites.

Question 11

The term illness is used to refer to

A) the social experience of living with a disease.
B) the biological consequences of disease.
C) an objective measure of biological changes.
D) sociologists' ideas regarding epidemiology.
E) mental problems.

Question 12

The study of the distribution of disease among a population is referred to as

A) sociology.
B) clinical sociology.
C) epidemiology.
D) geography.
E) enterology.

Question 13

Which of the following is true?

A) Public funding for contraceptive services has increased.
B) Women who have Medicaid can receive an abortion at no cost.
C) Almost all US counties have at least one abortion provider.
D) Access to abortion has declined during the last decade.
E) all of the above

Question 14

In general,rates better measure how common an illness is than do raw numbers because rates

A) allow us to reasonably compare populations of different sizes.
B) are more scientifically accurate.
C) are a more objective measure.
D) can be measured in a less biased fashion.
E) can be more accurately calculated.

Question 15

If heroin users could obtain both the drug and needles legally,they would be less likely to

A) contract HIV.
B) overdose.
C) contract other illnesses carried by dirty needles.
D) commit crimes.
E) all of the above

Question 16

John McKinlay would refer to advertising companies that work for tobacco producers as

A) primary producers.
B) secondary producers.
C) primary practitioners.
D) manufacturers of illness.
E) "downstream" problems.

Question 17

Currently,the most common causes of death in the United States are

A) chronic diseases.
B) infectious diseases.
C) accidents and trauma.
D) infant and maternal mortality.
E) diseases of middle age.

Question 18

Research clearly demonstrates that

A) obesity significantly increases the risk of heart disease and diabetes.
B) being even slightly overweight significantly lowers life expectancy.
C) individuals eat less at buffets with many options.
D) all of above
E) none of the above

Question 19

Look at the last twelve issues of a magazine that regularly runs advertisements for either alcoholic beverages or cigarettes.What overt and covert messages do advertisements in these issues give regarding alcohol/tobacco,the use of these drugs,and the lives and characters of those who use these drugs? Quantify your findings as much as possible (e.g.,80 percent of advertisements suggest that using tobacco will improve your sex life).To do this,you will have to develop specific questions,such as "Does this advertisement suggest that using tobacco will improve your sex life?"

Question 20

Evaluate the role that social conditions and status play in maintaining and restoring health,and compare that to the role played by medical treatments.

Question 21

According to the Health Belief Model,which of the following are necessary before individuals will comply with medical advice?

A) They must believe they are susceptible to a particular health problem.
B) They must believe that compliance will significantly reduce their risk.
C) They must believe they may die if they do not comply.
D) all of the above
E) a and b only

Question 22

Globalization has helped spread illness by

A) eroding cultural traditions that previously had reduced sexual activity.
B) encouraging industries that push into forests and put humans in contact with diseases carried by animals.
C) increasing the number of people who travel from region to region.
D) all of the above
E) none of the above

Question 23

In a "risk society," individuals often find it difficult to get acknowledgement that they suffer from an illness because

A) the doctors they have access to work for the corporations that in some way caused the illness.
B) they are labeled as lazy rather than ill.
C) they are considered responsible for the risks they took.
D) all of the above
E) none of the above

Question 24

Social networks

A) can improve individuals' health.
B) can threaten individuals' health.
C) can lead to obesity.
D) all of the above
E) none of the above.

Question 25

The Health Belief Model implicitly suggests that

A) complying with medical advice can sometimes cause harm.
B) complying with medical advice is a good idea.
C) those who do not comply with medical advice usually have good reasons for their actions.
D) medical advice sometimes lacks scientific grounding.
E) drugs can be dangerous.

Question 26

Toxic agents

A) are especially dangerous to children.
B) are contributing to climate change.
C) can be prevented by developing a "risk society."
D) all of the above
E) a and b only

Question 27

Social stress

A) can cause mental as well as physical illness.
B) is most common among busy middle-class people.
C) can cause illness, but does not affect the immune system.
D) improves the immune system.
E) improves one's life choices.

Question 28

Health lifestyles

A) are based on both life chances and life choices.
B) can affect life chances, but life chances do not affect life choices.
C) are very similar among Americans of different social classes.
D) are not affected by socialization or life experiences.
E) are purely a matter of individual choice.

Question 29

A man who works out daily at the gym and who regards his regular exercise as part of his identify can be said to have a

A) psychosis.
B) life chance.
C) health project.
D) health fixation.
E) life choice.