Deck 5: The Vitamins and Minerals

Question 1

Toxicity of biotin causes a fishy body odor.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

The symptoms of wet beriberi include heart rhythm changes and peripheral paralysis.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

Rickets results from a riboflavin deficiency.

Answer 3

False

Question 4

Choline is provided in the diet by egg yolk.

Question 5

In general,toxicity is short lived for fat-soluble vitamins as compared to water-soluble vitamins.

Question 6

Ninety percent of the human's body weight is water.

Question 7

Vitamin B₆ is involved in the metabolism of amino acids.

Question 8

Vitamin D regulates calcium absorption and phosphorus excretion.

Question 9

Some metabolic reactions produce water.

Question 10

Deficiencies of folate and vitamin B₁₂ cause macrocytic,normochromic anemia.

Question 11

Sodium is an intracellular electrolyte.

Question 12

A high-protein,high-phosphorus diet promotes bone demineralization.

Question 13

Water functions in body temperature regulation.

Question 14

Food sources of pantothenic acid are limited to animal products.

Question 15

Salt is iodized to prevent iodine deficiency and goiter.

Question 16

Most of the water in the body is found inside cells.

Question 17

Electrolytes play a role in the regulation of plasma osmolarity in the human body.

Question 18

Vitamin K functions in blood clotting.

Question 19

The Dietary Reference Intake (DRI)for selenium for a 20-year-old male is 55 micrograms per day.

Question 20

Nutrients with antioxidant function include iodine and folate.

Question 21

The evolution of skin tone is tied to a specific genetic alteration in _____,which through the process of natural selection enabled adequate _____ production.

A)collagen,vitamin C
B)opsin,vitamin A
C)prothromin,vitamin K
D)melanin,vitamin D
E)glutathione peroxidase,zinc

Question 22

The chemical structure of vitamin B₁₂ includes which mineral?

A)Chromium
B)Iron
C)Cobalt
D)Zinc
E)Fluoride

Question 23

Which answer identifies the form of vitamin A that is from animal sources?

A)Alpha-tocopherol
B)Beta-carotene
C)Ascorbic acid
D)Retinol
E)Pyridoxamine

Question 24

The Dietary Reference Intake (DRI)for _____ is based on protein intake.

A)vitamin B₆
B)riboflavin
C)iron
D)biotin
E)boron

Question 25

In general, all animal foods provide a good source of:

A) non-heme iron.
B) vitamin E.
C) beta-carotene.
D) vitamin B12.
E) folate.

Question 26

Which of the following nutrients potentiates the action of insulin?

A)Choline
B)Chromium
C)Calcium
D)Cobalt
E)Copper

Question 27

Which of the following nutrients is used to treat acne?

A)High doses of vitamin A
B)High doses of thiamin
C)High doses of zinc
D)High doses of niacin
E)High doses of vitamin E

Question 28

Which nutrient functions in fatty acid metabolism?

A)Thiamin
B)Riboflavin
C)Choline
D)Vitamin B₁₂
E)Vitamin C

Question 29

Which nutrient functions in nucleic acid synthesis?

A)Thiamin
B)Riboflavin
C)Choline
D)Vitamin B₁₂
E)Pantothenic acid

Question 30

The Dietary Reference Intake (DRI)for _____ is based on Calorie intake.

A)vitamin B₆
B)riboflavin
C)iron
D)biotin
E)boron

Question 31

A deficiency of which of the following nutrients is the leading cause of blindness worldwide?

A)Protein
B)Thiamin
C)Iron
D)Vitamin D
E)Vitamin A

Question 32

Vitamin C functions in the synthesis of:

A) hemoglobin.
B) thyroxin.
C) collagen.
D) vitamin D.
E) tryptophan.

Question 33

Which of the following nutrients enhances the absorption of iron from the gastrointestinal tract?

A)Biotin
B)Vitamin C
C)Vitamin D
D)Calcium
E)Vitamin E

Question 34

Which of the following answers describes a function of fluoride in the human body?

A)It stimulates new bone formation.
B)It stabilizes bone mineral structure.
C)It forms decay-resistant fluorhydroxyapatite.
D)B and C
E)A,B,and C

Question 35

Deficiency of which of the following nutrients causes hemolytic anemia in prematurely born infants?

A)Iron
B)Vitamin B₁₂
C)Folate
D)Vitamin E
E)Fluoride

Question 36

In general, plant foods provide an excellent source of:

A) heme and nonheme iron.
B) vitamin C and vitamin E.
C) calcium and vitamin D.
D) retinol and retinal.
E) vitamin B6 and vitamin B₁₂.

Question 37

Loss of too much fluid from the body is called:

A)dehydration.
B)electrolyte.
C)hemoglobin.
D)goiter.
E)osteomalacia.

Question 38

When diagnosing a nutrient deficiency,_____ should be considered.

A)dietary records
B)clinical signs
C)biochemical test results
D)clinical symptoms
E)All of the above

Question 39

Which nutrient functions in carbohydrate metabolism?

A)Thiamin
B)Riboflavin
C)Choline
D)Vitamin B₁₂
E)Pantothenic acid

Question 40

Pellagra is characterized by the three Ds:

A)diarrhea,dementia,and dermatitis.
B)depression,distress,and dizziness.
C)damage to nerves,digitalis,and pressure dilation of pupils.
D)dengue,degeneration,and deftness.
E)dander,death,and decreased blood.

Question 41

Iodine toxicity and deficiency cause goiter.

Question 42

Pantothenic acid remains stable during food processing.

Question 43

Excess fluoride can cause discolored teeth.

Question 44

Nutrients that function in nucleic acid synthesis include vitamin B₁₂ and folate.

Question 45

Excess magnesium weakens teeth and contributes to dental caries.

Question 46

Beth's high intake of _____ and low intake of _____ could per her at risk for osteoporosis later in life.

A)phosphorus,iron
B)phosphorus,calcium
C)magnesium,iron
D)magnesium,calcium
E)sodium;vitamin D

Question 47

Answer questions based on the case study "Beth" information below.

A good source of heme iron in Beth's diet is:

A)olive oil.
B)ham.
C)carrots.
D)iced tea.
E)almonds.

Question 48

Beriberi is a disease caused by a lack of thiamin in the diet.

Question 49

Vitamin B₁₂ is highly toxic in humans.

Question 50

Beth's sodium intake could contribute to the development of:

A)acidosis.
B)bloody stool.
C)cardiac arrest.
D)delayed wound healing.
E)increased blood pressure.

Question 51

Deficiency of _____ causes delayed sexual maturation.

A)water
B)vitamin C
C)vitamin B₁₂
D)zinc
E)chloride

Question 52

Beth should increase her intake of _____ to be nutritionally adequate in vitamin C.

A) nuts and seeds
B) whole grains
C) legumes
D) milk
E) citrus fruits

Question 53

Answer questions based on the case study "Beth" information below.

The best food sources of vitamin E in Beth's diet were:

A)sausage and ham.
B)salad and carrots.
C)almonds and olive oil.
D)cheese and butter.
E)chicken and egg.

Question 54

Answer questions based on the case study "Beth" information below.

Beth is at risk for:

A)microcytic hypochromic anemia.
B)pellagra.
C)xerophthalmia.
D)acrodermatitis enteropathica.
E)ariboflavinosis.

Question 55

Beth's thiamin intake puts her at risk for having:

A)tingling hands and feet.
B)dry mouth.
C)headache.
D)increased urinary output.
E)tooth enamel changes.

Question 56

Riboflavin functions in fatty acid metabolism.

Question 57

If someone does not eat adequate calcium,it is important for him/her to consume extra phosphorous to maintain bone density.

Question 58

Answer questions based on the case study "Beth" information below.

The folate in Beth's diet came from her intake of the:

A)almonds.
B)tossed salad.
C)cheese.
D)egg.
E)chicken.

Question 59

Vitamin E deficiency causes rickets.

Question 60

Answer questions based on the case study "Beth" information below.

Beth's unborn baby is at risk for:

A)delayed sexual maturation.
B)spina bifida.
C)hypotension.
D)pernicious anemia.
E)pellagra.

Question 61

In general,plant foods provide a good source of:
2) In general, plant foods provide a good source of:

A) heme iron.
B) potassium.
C) vitamin D.
D) sodium.
E) vitamin B12.

Question 62

Chloride plays a role in:

A)blood sugar regulation.
B)plasma osmolarity.
C)calcium absorption.
D)energy transfer.
E)stabilizing protein shape.

Question 63

Meat is a good source of selenium.

Question 64

Iron overload can be life threatening and occurs more often in men than women.

Question 65

Which of the following B vitamins functions in carbohydrate metabolism?

A)Riboflavin
B)Choline
C)Thiamin
D)Folate
E)Vitamin B₁₂

Question 66

Thiamin is damaged by:

A)oxygen.
B)light.
C)heat.
D)alkaline conditions.
E)both heat and alkaline conditions.

Question 67

Eighty percent of water in the human body is intracellular and twenty percent is extracellular.

Question 68

Which of the following foods provide a good source of vitamin B₁₂?

A)Whole grains
B)Meats
C)Cruciferous vegetables
D)Plant oils
E)Legumes

Question 69

Which of the following conditions is associated with low folic acid intake and is tied to genetics and evolution?

A)Scurvy
B)Beriberi
C)Pellegra
D)Spina bifida
E)Xerophthalmia

Question 70

Which of the following nutrients is most effective at protecting red blood cell membranes from oxidative stress?

A)Vitamin A
B)Thiamin
C)Chromium
D)Niacin
E)Vitamin E

Question 71

A toxicity of which of the following nutrients can result in cardiac arrest?

A)Potassium
B)Water
C)Chromium
D)Vitamin D
E)Riboflavin

Question 72

A fishy body odor can result from choline toxicity.

Question 73

Vitamin A toxicity symptoms include nausea,vomiting,and headache.

Question 74

Biotin is involved in energy metabolism.

Question 75

Which of the following nutrients is needed to prevent hemolytic anemia in prematurely born infants?

A)Iron
B)Vitamin B₁₂
C)Folate
D)Vitamin K
E)Vitamin E

Question 76

Seafood is a good source of iodine.

Question 77

Whole grains provide a source of magnesium and vitamins B₁,B₂,and B₃.

Question 78

In general, animal foods provide a good source of:

A) heme iron and non-heme iron.
B) vitamin C and vitamin E.
C) vitamin A and beta-carotene.
D) vitamin B12, heme iron, and retinol.
E) vitamin K and cobalt.

Question 79

The human body can produce some niacin from the amino acid tryptophan.

Question 80

Vitamin D is important for bone mineralization.