Deck 6: Nutrition Information and the Food Industry

Question 1

Processed and fast foods are made using sustainable food production methods.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

Dietary supplements bearing the USP Verified program mark meet the United States Pharmacopeia (USP)purity,potency,and quality standards.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

Dietary supplements are held to the same rigorous standard of scientific testing as drugs by the Food and Drug Administration.

Answer 3

False

Question 4

The Clostridium botulinum bacterium is an aerobic microbe.

Question 5

Public nutrition recommendations are made from a whole body of credible nutrition information.

Question 6

Herbal remedies are always safe and natural treatments for human diseases and conditions.

Question 7

A lay magazine is usually a credible source of nutrition information.

Question 8

Vitamin E is an antioxidant food additive that retards the oxidation of unsaturated fats in food.

Question 9

Private sector nutrition information is more credible than public sector nutrition information.

Question 10

Most microbes are more metabolically active in an acidic environment.

Question 11

The common mold species Asperigillus flavus produces prion proteins believed to cause mad cow disease.

Question 12

Starches,gums,and gels are stabilizing and thickening agents used in processed foods.

Question 13

The hepatitis A virus targets the liver.

Question 14

The danger zone is the temperature range between zero and 100 degrees Fahrenheit.

Question 15

Hazard Analysis Critical Control Points (HACCP)is a food safety system that supports the prevention of food-borne illnesses.

Question 16

Some intentional food additives are known to cause adverse reactions in some people.

Question 17

Food irradiation has been approved by the USDA.

Question 18

Emulsifiers are chemicals that prevent microbial growth.

Question 19

Carrageenan is a chelating agent.

Question 20

Benzoyl peroxide is a bleaching agent added to foods.

Question 21

In the Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act of 1994,the Food and Drug Administration defined nutritional supplements as all of the following except:

A)herbs.
B)essential vitamins and minerals.
C)glandulars.
D)enzymes.
E)aspirin.

Question 22

Which of the following foods is the least sustainable?

A)Nuts
B)Beef
C)Poultry
D)Vegetables
E)Fruits

Question 23

The Delaney Clause and GRAS list were associated with the _____ Act.

A)1938 Food,Drug,and Cosmetic (FD&C)
B)1954 Miller Pesticide
C)1960 Color Additives Amendment to FD&C
D)1966 Fair Package and Labeling
E)1994 Dietary Supplement Health and Education

Question 24

Consumers should avoid cross-contaminating raw plant and animal foods.

Question 25

Which of the following intentional food additives is an antimicrobial agent?

A)Sorbic acid
B)Sodium chloride
C)Acetic acid
D)Nitrites
E)All of the above

Question 26

Which of the following is a not-for-profit organization?

A)American Heart Association
B)American Cancer Society
C)American Diabetes Association
D)National Osteoporosis Foundation
E)All of the above

Question 27

Match the short phrase or term with the associated term or lifespan group.Choose the best answer.You may use some answers more than once or not at all.
A.Sustainable
B.Decomposers
C.Producers
D.Bioaccumulation
E.Genetically modified organisms
Organic food production

Question 28

Which artificial sweetener has been shown to cause cancer in laboratory animals?

A)Aspartame
B)Sucralose
C)Aceulfame-K
D)Saccharin
E)All of the above

Question 29

Match the short phrase or term with the associated term or lifespan group.Choose the best answer.You may use some answers more than once or not at all.
A.Sustainable
B.Decomposers
C.Producers
D.Bioaccumulation
E.Genetically modified organisms
The common way in which mercury makes its way into human food.
Answers:

Question 30

Pesticides are known endocrine disruptors.

Question 31

Conventional food production employs the use of pesticides,antibiotics,hormones,and genetically modified organisms.

Question 32

Tuna farming is sustainable.

Question 33

Which class of microorganisms is not implicated in causing food-borne illness?

A)Fresh-water algae
B)Bacteria
C)Fungi
D)Protozoa
E)Parasites

Question 34

Which governmental agency regulates food,drugs,medical devices,and cosmetics?

A)The World Health Organization
B)The Food and Drug Administration
C)The Centers for Disease Control
D)The U.S.Department of Agriculture
E)The Environmental Protection Agency

Question 35

Match the short phrase or term with the associated term or lifespan group.Choose the best answer.You may use some answers more than once or not at all.
A.Sustainable
B.Decomposers
C.Producers
D.Bioaccumulation
E.Genetically modified organisms
Photosynthetic organisms like plants and algae

Question 36

Match the short phrase or term with the associated term or lifespan group.Choose the best answer.You may use some answers more than once or not at all.
A.Sustainable
B.Decomposers
C.Producers
D.Bioaccumulation
E.Genetically modified organisms
A threat to native species

Question 37

Match the short phrase or term with the associated term or lifespan group.Choose the best answer.You may use some answers more than once or not at all.
A.Sustainable
B.Decomposers
C.Producers
D.Bioaccumulation
E.Genetically modified organisms
Participate in the nitrogen nutrient cycle

Question 38

Which of the following manufacturing methods involves exposing food to gamma rays or electron beams?

A)Pasteurization
B)Irradiation
C)Modified atmosphere packaging
D)Dehydration
E)All of the above

Question 39

Dredging and trawling are fishing methods that damage the environment.

Question 40

Which of the following microorganisms supports health and beneficial flora in the gastrointestinal tract?

A)Asperigillus flavus
B)Hepatitis A
C)Trichinella spiralis
D)Bifidobacterium bifidus
E)Escherichia coli

Question 41

The 1968 Animal Drug Amendment to the Food Drug and Cosmetic Act of 1938 addresses residues of animal drugs in meat,milk,and eggs.

Question 42

Answer questions based on the case study "Katelyn Cornhusker" information below.
The local newspaper has just reported an outbreak of food poisoning from a local restaurant that is part of a national chain of restaurants who have reported similar outbreaks.Katelyn Cornhusker reports on the story and uses quotes from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention governmental website;a nutrition professor from the state-funded university;and a dietitian and a medical doctor,both from a local hospital that has been treating patients who got sick from the contaminated food.The story describes how individuals are being hospitalized after experiencing symptoms of cramps,nausea,bloating,and bloody diarrhea within 12 to 18 hours of eating undercooked hamburgers.Most patrons also consumed a diet soda,milk shake,and French fries with their meal.
Which source of nutrition information is the least credible?

A)The nutrition professor employed by the state-funded university.
B)The dietitian employed by the hospital.
C)The medical doctor employed by the hospital.
D)The journalist employed by the local newspaper.
E)The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention website.

Question 43

Answer questions based on the case study "Katelyn Cornhusker" information below.
The local newspaper has just reported an outbreak of food poisoning from a local restaurant that is part of a national chain of restaurants who have reported similar outbreaks.Katelyn Cornhusker reports on the story and uses quotes from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention governmental website;a nutrition professor from the state-funded university;and a dietitian and a medical doctor,both from a local hospital that has been treating patients who got sick from the contaminated food.The story describes how individuals are being hospitalized after experiencing symptoms of cramps,nausea,bloating,and bloody diarrhea within 12 to 18 hours of eating undercooked hamburgers.Most patrons also consumed a diet soda,milk shake,and French fries with their meal.
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention website ends in:

A).com.
B).edu.
C).net.
D).gov.
E)None of the above

Question 44

Answer questions based on the case study "Katelyn Cornhusker" information below.
The local newspaper has just reported an outbreak of food poisoning from a local restaurant that is part of a national chain of restaurants who have reported similar outbreaks.Katelyn Cornhusker reports on the story and uses quotes from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention governmental website;a nutrition professor from the state-funded university;and a dietitian and a medical doctor,both from a local hospital that has been treating patients who got sick from the contaminated food.The story describes how individuals are being hospitalized after experiencing symptoms of cramps,nausea,bloating,and bloody diarrhea within 12 to 18 hours of eating undercooked hamburgers.Most patrons also consumed a diet soda,milk shake,and French fries with their meal.
The reporter increases the credibility of her story by quoting from these sources.

Question 45

Public sector nutrition information is more credible than private sector nutrition information.

Question 46

Nutrition facts stated within published information are always referenced from current and credible sources.

Question 47

A chelator is used as an intentional food additive.

Question 48

Answer questions based on the case study "Katelyn Cornhusker" information below.
The local newspaper has just reported an outbreak of food poisoning from a local restaurant that is part of a national chain of restaurants who have reported similar outbreaks.Katelyn Cornhusker reports on the story and uses quotes from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention governmental website;a nutrition professor from the state-funded university;and a dietitian and a medical doctor,both from a local hospital that has been treating patients who got sick from the contaminated food.The story describes how individuals are being hospitalized after experiencing symptoms of cramps,nausea,bloating,and bloody diarrhea within 12 to 18 hours of eating undercooked hamburgers.Most patrons also consumed a diet soda,milk shake,and French fries with their meal.
Which governmental agencies are likely to be involved in the food poisoning outbreak?

A)The local health department
B)The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
C)The National Marine Fisheries Service
D)Both A and B
E)A,B,and C

Question 49

Answer questions based on the case study "Katelyn Cornhusker" information below.
The local newspaper has just reported an outbreak of food poisoning from a local restaurant that is part of a national chain of restaurants who have reported similar outbreaks.Katelyn Cornhusker reports on the story and uses quotes from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention governmental website;a nutrition professor from the state-funded university;and a dietitian and a medical doctor,both from a local hospital that has been treating patients who got sick from the contaminated food.The story describes how individuals are being hospitalized after experiencing symptoms of cramps,nausea,bloating,and bloody diarrhea within 12 to 18 hours of eating undercooked hamburgers.Most patrons also consumed a diet soda,milk shake,and French fries with their meal.
If the milk in the milk shake consumed at the restaurant was produced conventionally then it may contain traces of:

A)pesticides.
B)hormones.
C)antibiotics.
D)All of the above
E)None of the above

Question 50

Olestra is a fake fat and may have adverse affects.

Question 51

When a study is well conducted it can be used in the body of evidence to make a public nutrition recommendation.

Question 52

Answer questions based on the case study "Katelyn Cornhusker" information below.
The local newspaper has just reported an outbreak of food poisoning from a local restaurant that is part of a national chain of restaurants who have reported similar outbreaks.Katelyn Cornhusker reports on the story and uses quotes from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention governmental website;a nutrition professor from the state-funded university;and a dietitian and a medical doctor,both from a local hospital that has been treating patients who got sick from the contaminated food.The story describes how individuals are being hospitalized after experiencing symptoms of cramps,nausea,bloating,and bloody diarrhea within 12 to 18 hours of eating undercooked hamburgers.Most patrons also consumed a diet soda,milk shake,and French fries with their meal.
Which microbe is the most likely to be implicated in causing the food poisoning outbreak?

A)Escherichia coli
B)Vibrio
C)Listeria monocytogenes
D)Hepatitis A
E)Tricinella spiralis

Question 53

Answer questions based on the case study "Katelyn Cornhusker" information below.
The local newspaper has just reported an outbreak of food poisoning from a local restaurant that is part of a national chain of restaurants who have reported similar outbreaks.Katelyn Cornhusker reports on the story and uses quotes from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention governmental website;a nutrition professor from the state-funded university;and a dietitian and a medical doctor,both from a local hospital that has been treating patients who got sick from the contaminated food.The story describes how individuals are being hospitalized after experiencing symptoms of cramps,nausea,bloating,and bloody diarrhea within 12 to 18 hours of eating undercooked hamburgers.Most patrons also consumed a diet soda,milk shake,and French fries with their meal.
Which level of organization would the microorganism fit into to cause the food-borne illness outbreak?

A)Atom
B)Molecule
C)Cell
D)Groups of cells
E)Organism

Question 54

Dietary supplements are categorized as food by the Food and Drug Administration.

Question 55

A testimonial is a good marker of well-conducted scientific studies.

Question 56

Answer questions based on the case study "Katelyn Cornhusker" information below.
The local newspaper has just reported an outbreak of food poisoning from a local restaurant that is part of a national chain of restaurants who have reported similar outbreaks.Katelyn Cornhusker reports on the story and uses quotes from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention governmental website;a nutrition professor from the state-funded university;and a dietitian and a medical doctor,both from a local hospital that has been treating patients who got sick from the contaminated food.The story describes how individuals are being hospitalized after experiencing symptoms of cramps,nausea,bloating,and bloody diarrhea within 12 to 18 hours of eating undercooked hamburgers.Most patrons also consumed a diet soda,milk shake,and French fries with their meal.
The likely microbe is believed to be a bacterium strain that evolved from a non-pathogenic strain.

Question 57

Answer questions based on the case study "Katelyn Cornhusker" information below.
The local newspaper has just reported an outbreak of food poisoning from a local restaurant that is part of a national chain of restaurants who have reported similar outbreaks.Katelyn Cornhusker reports on the story and uses quotes from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention governmental website;a nutrition professor from the state-funded university;and a dietitian and a medical doctor,both from a local hospital that has been treating patients who got sick from the contaminated food.The story describes how individuals are being hospitalized after experiencing symptoms of cramps,nausea,bloating,and bloody diarrhea within 12 to 18 hours of eating undercooked hamburgers.Most patrons also consumed a diet soda,milk shake,and French fries with their meal.
The diet soda consumed at the restaurant likely contained the chemical additive:

A)olestra.
B)Simplesse.
C)lecithin.
D)BHT.
E)sucralose.

Question 58

FD&C yellow #5 has been found to cause adverse reactions in some individuals.

Question 59

Answer questions based on the case study "Katelyn Cornhusker" information below.
The local newspaper has just reported an outbreak of food poisoning from a local restaurant that is part of a national chain of restaurants who have reported similar outbreaks.Katelyn Cornhusker reports on the story and uses quotes from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention governmental website;a nutrition professor from the state-funded university;and a dietitian and a medical doctor,both from a local hospital that has been treating patients who got sick from the contaminated food.The story describes how individuals are being hospitalized after experiencing symptoms of cramps,nausea,bloating,and bloody diarrhea within 12 to 18 hours of eating undercooked hamburgers.Most patrons also consumed a diet soda,milk shake,and French fries with their meal.
If the French fries were made from potatoes with green skin then they could contain:

A)polychlorinated biphenols.
B)methylmercury.
C)solanine.
D)goitrogens.
E)cyanogens.

Question 60

Carrageenan is made from seaweed and is used to thicken processed foods.

Question 61

Match the short phrase or term with the name or its abbreviation.Choose the best answer.You may use some answers more than once or not at all.
A.Delaney
B.EPA
C.FD&C
D.USP
E.DSHEA
Legislation guiding the supplement industry

Question 62

Meats but not vegetables or fruits can be irradiated to extend shelf life.

Question 63

Salmon farming is sustainable.

Question 64

Fortified foods have essential vitamins and minerals added to them.

Question 65

Match the short phrase or term with the name or its abbreviation.Choose the best answer.You may use some answers more than once or not at all.
A.Delaney
B.EPA
C.FD&C
D.USP
E.DSHEA
Agency that enforces legislation pertaining to pesticides

Question 66

Gillnetting is a responsible aquatic technique to harvest seafood.

Question 67

Foods can be contaminated by the rotavirus by the oral-fecal route.

Question 68

Match the short phrase or term with the name or its abbreviation.Choose the best answer.You may use some answers more than once or not at all.
A.Delaney
B.EPA
C.FD&C
D.USP
E.DSHEA
Clause that ensures food additives don't cause cancer

Question 69

Starches,gums,and gels add texture and stability to processed foods.

Question 70

Methylmercury is a toxic chemical that bioaccumulates through a food web.

Question 71

Match the short phrase or term with the name or its abbreviation.Choose the best answer.You may use some answers more than once or not at all.
A.Delaney
B.EPA
C.FD&C
D.USP
E.DSHEA
Insignia that qualifying supplements may be marked with

Question 72

Beef is a more sustainable animal food than chicken.

Question 73

One way consumers can prevent food-borne illness is to cook food thoroughly.

Question 74

When microbes are given optimal growing conditions they clonally expand rapidly.

Question 75

Bacteria can produce enterotoxins or neurotoxins.

Question 76

Foods that are protein rich,moist,and kept at room temperature for an extended time period pose a high risk for food poisoning.

Question 77

Lactobacillus acidophilus is a pathogenic microorganism.

Question 78

Match the short phrase or term with the name or its abbreviation.Choose the best answer.You may use some answers more than once or not at all.
A.Delaney
B.EPA
C.FD&C
D.USP
E.DSHEA
Legislation that is the basis of modern food law
Answers:

Question 79

Trichinosis is a food-borne illness commonly caused by eating undercooked pork.

Question 80

Mad cow disease is believed to be caused by a virus.