Deck 7: General Physiology

Question 1

A gomphosis is a:

A)fibrous joint that moves.
B)cartilaginous joint that does not move.
C)synovial joint that does not move.
D)synovial joint that moves.

Answer 1

synovial joint that moves.

Question 2

What is the body's communication system?

A)Circulatory system
B)Nervous system
C)Respiratory system
D)Endocrine system

Answer 2

Nervous system

Question 3

The outer layer of hard,dense,and very strong bone is known as:

A)cancellous bone.
B)bone marrow.
C)compact bone.
D)periosteum.

Answer 3

compact bone.

Question 4

Osteoporosis is an age-related disease of which body system?

A)Reproductive
B)Endocrine
C)Urinary
D)Skeletal

Question 5

The integumentary system:

A)manufactures bile.
B)helps to regulate body temperature.
C)removes excess glucose from the bloodstream and stores it as glycogen.
D)transports food from the pharynx to the stomach.

Question 6

Which body system has the job of transporting nutrients and oxygen throughout the body?

A)Respiratory
B)Digestive
C)Circulatory
D)Endocrine

Question 7

The more fixed attachment of the muscle that is toward the midline is referred to as the:

A)origin.
B)insertion.
C)contraction.

Question 8

The three types of muscles that make up the muscular system are:

A)striated, involuntary, and cardiac.
B)striated, smooth, and cardiac.
C)unstriated, involuntary, and visceral.
D)voluntary, involuntary, and smooth.

Question 9

Periosteum:

A)does not contain nerves and blood vessels.
B)is necessary for bone growth and repair.
C)contains an inner layer of dense fibrous connective tissue, containing osteoclasts associated with bone formation.
D)is found adjacent to spongy, trabecular, cancellous bone.

Question 10

The stomach is part of what body system?

A)Respiratory
B)Endocrine
C)Digestive
D)Urinary

Question 11

The tonsils and spleen are parts of which body system?

A)Endocrine
B)Circulatory
C)Digestive
D)Lymphatic

Question 12

The cells associated with bone formation are known as:

A)osteoclasts.
B)cancellous.
C)cortical.
D)osteoblasts.

Question 13

The endocrine system uses chemical messengers called _____,which move through the bloodstream.

A)hormones
B)erythrocytes
C)leukocytes
D)thrombocytes

Question 14

The appendicular skeleton:

A)includes the skull.
B)functions to protect the major organs of the nervous, respiratory, and circulatory systems.
C)protects the organs of digestion and reproduction.
D)weighs about 60 pounds.

Question 15

How many systems does the human body have?

A)5
B)8
C)10
D)12

Question 16

The body system that delivers oxygen to the blood and transports waste carbon dioxide out of the body is the _____ system.

A)respiratory
B)digestive
C)endocrine
D)nervous

Question 17

Lymphocytes fight disease by producing:

A)leukocytes.
B)antibodies.
C)monocytes.
D)macrophages.

Question 18

The primary center for regulating and coordinating the body's activities and functions is the:

A)heart.
B)spinal cord.
C)brain.
D)neuron.

Question 19

Arteries,veins,and capillaries are major types of:

A)blood vessels.
B)muscle tissue.
C)nerve tissue.
D)blood cells.

Question 20

The digestive process begins in the:

A)mouth.
B)stomach.
C)small intestine.
D)large intestine.

Question 21

Tuberculosis is a disease usually associated with which body system?

A)Circulatory
B)Respiratory
C)Nervous
D)Skeletal

Question 22

The term that refers to a muscle returning to its original shape is:

A)contraction.
B)relaxation.
C)origin.
D)insertion.

Question 23

The strongest,dense layer of bone is the:

A)periosteum.
B)compact bone.
C)cancellous bone.
D)bone marrow.

Question 24

The bone tissue that makes it capable of repair is:

A)calcium.
B)periosteum.
C)Sharpey's fibers.
D)bone marrow.

Question 25

Epilepsy is a disorder of which body system?

A)Nervous
B)Skeletal
C)Endocrine
D)Circulatory

Question 26

A jagged line where bones come together and that forms a joint that does not move is a(n):

A)gomphosis.
B)bursa.
C)suture.
D)articulation.

Question 27

The component of the lymphatic system that is responsible for fighting diseases by producing antibodies is the:

A)lymph vessels.
B)lymph nodes.
C)lymph fluid.
D)lymphoid organs.

Question 28

Bone:

A)is living connective tissue.
B)is able to repair itself.
C)consists of calcium and phosphate.
D)is all of the above.

Question 29

The apparatus that allows the blood to flow through the heart by opening and closing with each heartbeat is known as a(n):

A)atrium.
B)ventricle.
C)heart valve.
D)pericardium.

Question 30

Which type of muscle do we have conscious control over at any given time?

A)Cardiac
B)Smooth
C)Striated
D)Unstriated

Question 31

The temporal-mandibular joint that allows you to open and close your mouth is considered to be what type of joint?

A)Fibrous
B)Cartilaginous
C)Synovial
D)None of the above

Question 32

The tonsils that are visible in the mouth are the:

A)nasopharyngeal tonsils.
B)adenoids.
C)palatine tonsils.
D)lingual tonsils.

Question 33

Diabetes mellitus is a disorder of which body system?

A)Lymphatic
B)Digestive
C)Endocrine
D)Circulatory

Question 34

Visceral muscles are found in the:

A)heart, stomach, and liver.
B)heart, liver, and digestive tract.
C)stomach, liver, and digestive tract.
D)stomach and liver.

Question 35

_____ is a disorder associated with the integumentary system.

A)Renal failure
B)Heart attack
C)Migraine headaches
D)Acne

Question 36

The heart:

A)pumps about 40,000 gallons of blood.
B)is about the size of a baseball.
C)is made of smooth muscle.
D)is a hollow muscle.

Question 37

The function of the atria of the heart is to:

A)receive the blood.
B)pump the blood.
C)supply blood to the heart muscle.
D)send the blood to the lungs.

Question 38

Trabeculae:

A)are found inside compact bone.
B)contain blood vessels and nerves.
C)are very dense and hard.
D)are made of spicules that are filled with bone marrow.

Question 39

Toxic shock syndrome is a disorder of which body system?

A)Female reproductive
B)Urinary
C)Lymphatic

Question 40

The smallest elements of blood that play an important role in the clotting of the blood are the:

A)plasma.
B)red blood cells.
C)basophils.
D)platelets.

Question 41

The part of the respiratory system that is visible through the mouth is the:

A)laryngopharynx.
B)oropharynx.
C)nasopharynx.
D)larynx.

Question 42

If a patient in the dental chair complains of chest pain and shortness of breath and is ashen in color,the patient may be suffering from:

A)pericarditis.
B)endocarditis.
C)heart failure.
D)coronary artery disease.

Question 43

Which neuron is responsible for allowing you to taste?

A)Associative
B)Motor
C)Sensory
D)None of the above

Question 44

Which statement is NOT true of hormones?

A)Hormones produce long-term changes in humans, such as growth.
B)Hormones have nothing to do with emotions.
C)Hormones help maintain the amount of sugar in the blood.
D)Hormones can reach every cell in the body.

Question 45

An infectious disease that is often spread through coughing of sputum that contains blood and is of concern to the dental staff is:

A)tonsillitis.
B)pharyngitis.
C)tuberculosis.
D)pneumonia.

Question 46

The term for "chewing" is:

A)ingestion.
B)digestion.
C)mastication.
D)peristalsis.

Question 47

The layer of skin that provides the sense of touch,temperature,and pain is the:

A)epidermis.
B)dermis.
C)subcutaneous fat.
D)skin appendages.

Question 48

Cranial nerves are part of what component of the nervous system?

A)Brain
B)Spinal cord
C)Central nervous system
D)Peripheral nervous system

Question 49

If a patient comes into the dental office with symptoms of facial paralysis,where the corner of the mouth sags and he cannot open an eye or close his mouth,he may have:

A)Parkinson's disease.
B)Bell's palsy.
C)tic douloureux.
D)multiple sclerosis.

Question 50

Why would a patient with multiple sclerosis be of concern to the dental staff?

A)The dental staff may contract the disease from the patient.
B)The patient may not be able to adequately take care of his mouth and any type of restorations that may be placed because of motor problems.
C)The patient may have uncontrollable seizures, which could cause him to hurt himself during treatment.
D)The patient may not have any memory of the dental appointments.

Question 51

Which type of joints are the fingers?

A)Fibrous
B)Cartilaginous
C)Synovial
D)Ball-and-socket

Question 52

The "skin" system is also known as the ____ system and is the body's first line of defense against disease.

A)cardiovascular
B)endocrine
C)integumentary
D)urinary