Deck 3: Marine Provinces

Question 1

The broadest continental shelves occur in the Arctic Ocean.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

Satellites are used to map the ocean floor because:

A) they are unaffected by surface weather.
B) they can cover areas where ships have not produced surveys.
C) they can "see" large areas of the seafloor at one time.
D) the shape of the ocean surface itself reflects large features on the seafloor below.
E) All of the above statements are correct.

Answer 2

E

Question 3

The method that is most frequently used to investigate sediment and rock layers of the sea floor is:

A) direct observation.
B) drilling.
C) light waves.
D) satellite observation.
E) sound waves.

Answer 3

E

Question 4

Trenches change their position over time.

Question 5

Hydrothermal vents are seafloor cold seeps with high concentrations of sulfur and salts.

Question 6

The two relatively flat areas on the hypsometric curve represent:

A) continental mountains and abyssal plains.
B) continental mountains and mid-ocean ridges.
C) continental slopes and deep-sea trenches.
D) some interior continental areas/coastal plains and abyssal plains.
E) some interior continental areas/coastal plains and mid-ocean ridges.

Question 7

Abyssal plains are more extensive on the floor of the Atlantic as compared to those on the floor of the Pacific.

Question 8

Oceans with passive plate margins have continental slopes with more gradual slopes than oceans with active plate margins.

Question 9

Black smokers are hydrothermal vents that discharge superheated water with high concentrations of metal sulfides.

Question 10

Due to the very harsh environment, few organisms are found in association with hydrothermal vents.

Question 11

Mid-ocean ridges are rises that occupy a small portion of the deep ocean basin, only around 10%.

Question 12

Seamounts form from ancient tablemounts.

Question 13

A sediment-laden current that flows off of the continental shelf is called a turbidity current.

Question 14

The Pacific Ring of Fire is the seismically active area at the margins of the Pacific plate where earthquakes and volcanoes are common.

Question 15

Sediments of the continental rise can exhibit characteristics similar to those formed by rivers on land.

Question 16

Hydrothermal vents have a significant impact on ocean chemistry.

Question 17

The deepest portions of the ocean are part of the relatively narrow features called submarine canyons.

Question 18

Subduction zones appear to remain nearly stationary over long periods of time.

Question 19

Old lithosphere is destroyed in association with:

A) deep-sea trenches
B) fracture zones
C) hydrothermal vents
D) mid-ocean ridges
E) spreading centers.

Question 20

Refer to the below. Use the labeled features on the figure to answer the following question(s).

Tablemounts are the features labeled:

A) 1.
B) 2.
C) 3.
D) 4.

Question 21

Warm-water hydrothermal vents form:

A) abyssal hills.
B) black smokers.
C) cold seeps.
D) turbidity currents.
E) white smokers.

Question 22

Abyssal hills are only visible in the Pacific Ocean because:

A) sediment has covered those found in the other ocean basins.
B) there are none in the Atlantic and Indian ocean basins.
C) they are higher in the Pacific than in the other ocean basins
D) they have been destroyed in active plate margins.
E) turbidity currents have eroded abyssal hills in the other ocean basins.

Question 23

Continental rises are formed:

A) as a result of the slow accumulation of sediments from the water column.
B) by many deep sea fans.
C) in association with hydrothermal vents
D) next to submarine canyons.
E) on the flank of a mid-ocean ridge.

Question 24

The most gradual change in slope in the ocean can be found at the:

A) abyssal plain.
B) continental rise.
C) continental shelf.
D) deep ocean trench.
E) mid-ocean ridge.

Question 25

Directly seaward of the continental shelf is a more steeply sloping region called the:

A) abyssal plain.
B) continental rise.
C) continental slope.
D) mid-ocean ridge.
E) trench.

Question 26

Submarine canyons were most likely formed by:

A) deposition of terrestrial sediment.
B) earthquake activity.
C) erosion by major rivers in the past.
D) erosion by turbidity currents.
E) scouring by glaciers during the last ice age.

Question 27

Refer to the below. Use the labeled features on the figure to answer the following question(s).

Seamounts are the feature labeled:

A) 1.
B) 2.
C) 3.
D) 4.

Question 28

The most rapid change in slope in the ocean is found at the:

A) abyssal plain.
B) continental slope.
C) oceanic trench.
D) submarine canyon.
E) volcanic seamount.

Question 29

With respect to mid-ocean ridges, transform faults are:

A) associated with hydrothermal vents.
B) located in submarine canyons.
C) parallel to the direction of plate movement.
D) parallel to the rift valley.
E) perpendicular to the ridge axis.

Question 30

Passive continental margins are characterized by all of the following except:

A) broad continental shelf.
B) deep-sea trenches.
C) shallow coastal waters.
D) thick sediment accumulation.
E) very little volcanic and earthquake activity.

Question 31

The correct order of marine provinces from the coast to the mid-ocean ridge is:

A) abyssal plain, rise, slope, shelf.
B) abyssal plain, shelf, slope, rise.
C) rise, abyssal plain, slope, shelf.
D) shelf, slope, rise, abyssal plain.
E) slope, rise, shelf, abyssal plain.

Question 32

The direction of motion along a seafloor transform fault is:

A) associated with turbidity currents.
B) in the same direction as the plates are spreading.
C) in the same direction as the ridge offset.
D) influenced by underwater boundary currents.
E) perpendicular to the direction of plate movement.

Question 33

Refer to the below. Use the labeled features on the figure to answer the following question(s).

Wave action and plate movement are significant factors in the formation of the feature labeled:

A) 1.
B) 2.
C) 3.
D) 4.

Question 34

All of the following are considered part of the continental margin except the:

A) continental rise.
B) continental shelf.
C) continental slope.
D) fracture zone.
E) submarine canyon.

Question 35

The sea floor feature in the figure is most likely a result of:

A) pillow lava.
B) submarine fans.
C) turbidity currents.
D) underwater boundary currents.
E) volcanic activity.

Question 36

Characteristics of active continental margins include all of the following except:

A) broad continental shelf.
B) chains of islands.
C) deep-sea trenches.
D) thin sediment accumulation.
E) volcanic and earthquake activity.

Question 37

New lithosphere is produced in association with:

A) deep-sea trenches.
B) fracture zones.
C) hydrothermal vents.
D) mid-ocean ridges.
E) transform faults.

Question 38

These organisms are most likely found in:

A) abyssal hills.
B) cold seeps.
C) hydrothermal vents.
D) submarine canyons.
E) trenches.

Question 39

All of the following are features associated with active plate margins except:

A) black smoker.
B) continental rise.
C) rift valley.
D) trench.
E) volcanic arc.

Question 40

Examine the five words and/or phrases and determine the relationship among the majority of words/phrases. Choose the one option that does not fit the pattern.

A)abyssal hill
B)guyot
C)ridge crest
D)sea knoll
E)tablemount

Question 41

Draw and label the features of the Atlantic Ocean basin as you move from the continent toward the center of the ocean basins.

Question 42

Examine the five words and/or phrases and determine the relationship among the majority of words/phrases. Choose the one option that does not fit the pattern.

A)global positioning satellite (GPS)
B)GLORIA
C)precision depth recorder (PDR)
D)SeaBeam
E)SeaMarc

Question 43

The instrument that emits a high-frequency sound beam to measure the depth of the ocean developed in the 1950s is the:

A) GLORIA.
B) PDR.
C) Seabeam.
D) SeaMARC.
E) SeaWif.

Question 44

Differentiate between active and passive plate margins and give an example of each.

Question 45

Describe the three major marine provinces and list and describe the features associated with each province.

Question 46

Underwater avalanches of muddy water mixed with rocks and debris are:

A) deep sea fans.
B) graded bedding.
C) turbidity currents.
D) turbidite deposits.
E) white smokers.

Question 47

Distinguish between white smoker and black smoker hydrothermal vents.

Question 48

Discuss the development of scientific instruments in the 20ᵗʰ century used to map the seafloor. Include in your answer the time frame when each instrument was developed and include a brief description of how it works.

Question 49

Examine the five words and/or phrases and determine the relationship among the majority of words/phrases. Choose the one option that does not fit the pattern.

A)black smoker
B)deep focus earthquake
C)hydrothermal vent
D)rift valley
E)white smoker

Question 50

Examine the five words and/or phrases and determine the relationship among the majority of words/phrases. Choose the one option that does not fit the pattern.

A)abyssal plain
B)continental flood basalt
C)continental rise
D)continental shelf
E)continental slope

Question 51

Describe the relationship between turbidity currents and turbidite deposits.

Question 52

Examine the five words and/or phrases and determine the relationship among the majority of words/phrases. Choose the one option that does not fit the pattern.

A)metal sulfide deposits
B)pillow basalts
C)rift valley
D)seamounts
E)trenches.

Question 53

Distinguish between a transform fault and a fracture zone.