Deck 18: Agricultural, Wildlife, and Environmental Crimes

Question 1

Which of the following is not one of the patterns of enforcement of EPA laws as listed in the textbook?

A) Acts over which federal, state, and local agencies have concurrent jurisdiction.
B) Acts over which only the federal government has jurisdiction.
C) Acts for which there is concurrent federal and state jurisdictional.
D) Acts for which there is unique state and/or local jurisdiction.

Answer 1

A

Question 2

Which of the following statements is/are correct?

A) Hogs are included within the meaning of livestock.
B) Harnesses are included within the meaning of tack.
C) Horse thieves also tend to be tack thieves.
D) All of the preceding are correct.

Answer 2

D

Question 3

Surveillance methods that work well in urban areas are generally difficult to execute in rural areas.Given this,rural success depends on

A) the topography of the area.
B) the availability of cover for concealment.
C) the number and position of access roads
D) all of the preceding allows for rural success.

Answer 3

D

Question 4

Hazardous waste may be solids,liquids,sledges,or byproducts of manufacturing processes and is a hazard if it contains which of the below characteristics?

A) Ignitability.
B) Reactivity.
C) Toxicity.
D) All of the preceding.

Question 5

The most frequent violators of hazardous waste regulations and laws are

A) located in the northeast.
B) small generating firms.
C) pharmaceutical companies.
D) all of the preceding are correct.

Question 6

What type of livestock identification involves the use of liquid nitrogen or dry ice and alcohol?

A) Hot-Iron.
B) Ear Tags.
C) Freeze Brands.
D) Tattoos.

Question 7

What are the two broad categories of poachers?

A) Fishers and hunters.
B) Opportunists and professionals.
C) Covert and overt.
D) In-state and out-of-state.

Question 8

What is "Operation Rockfish?"

A) A fossil common in Australia.
B) A successful joint federal, state, and local law enforcement fossil poaching investigation.
C) A national fugitive "round-up" conducted by the U.S. Marshall Service which resulted in the arrest of more than two thousand fugitives.
D) A long-term operation that was responsible for bringing the Rockfish back from the edge of extinction.

Question 9

Artificial light used by poachers at night to take game is known as

A) spotlighting.
B) illegal sportsman like conduct.
C) jacklighting.
D) poor gamesmanship.

Question 10

The illegal taking or possession of game,fish,and other wildlife is known as

A) jacklighting.
B) hunting out of season.
C) poaching.
D) both A and B.

Question 11

What is the approximate number of major federal environmental laws that form the basis for Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)programs?

A) 7.
B) 12.
C) 18.
D) 27.

Question 12

Which of the following is not one of the major methods of marking horses and cattle for identification as outlined in the textbook?

A) Electronic microchip.
B) Tattoos.
C) Ear tags.
D) DNA.

Question 13

Which of the following would least likely be the object of a major theft?

A) Pesticides.
B) Herbicides.
C) Fertilizers.
D) Anhydrous ammonia.

Question 14

Which of the following terms is not part of the acronym T/S/D?

A) Treatment.
B) Spoilage.
C) Storage.
D) Disposal.

Question 15

Which of the following is the correct way to read a brand?

A) Left to right.
B) Top to bottom.
C) Outside to inside.
D) All of the choices could be correct.

Question 16

What is a "freezer crime?"

A) A freezer is stolen along with its contents.
B) Livestock stolen where the motivation was to obtain food.
C) A refrigerated truck loaded with meat is stolen and resold.
D) None of the preceding.

Question 17

Forest economists have estimated that this many trees are illegally cut down annually.

A) 1 in every 10
B) 5 in every 10
C) 7 in every 10
D) 9 in every 10

Question 18

Fossil hunters who invade public and private lands are known as

A) fossil rustlers.
B) fossil wranglers.
C) bone rustlers.
D) bone diggers.

Question 19

Which of the following statements about anhydrous ammonia is/are correct?

A) Anhydrous ammonia is a nitrogen fertilizer.
B) Anhydrous ammonia is stolen from farms and used in the production of methamphetamine.
C) Anhydrous ammonia is used in the production of heroin.
D) Both A and B are correct.

Question 20

Approximately 80 percent of all stolen tack is

A) horse blankets.
B) bridles.
C) saddles.
D) flank skirts or cantles.

Question 21

For the investigation of most environmental crimes it is necessary to

A) use helicopters.
B) consult with the local mayor.
C) use only federal law enforcement.
D) form a team that includes an attorney.

Question 22

Private and public land is being invaded by stealthy fossil hunters,who are also described as bonepirates.

Question 23

________ profiles of expensive horses and bulls are common as a theft deterrent,required by some breed associations and mandated by some insurance companies to prevent insurance scams.

Question 24

At night,aircraft can also be useful in pinpointing places where it appears that artificial light is being used by poachers to take game,a tactic known as ________.

Question 25

How are treatment,storage,and disposal (T/S/D)crimes committed?

A) Companies treat hazardous waste without a permit.
B) Companies improperly identify the nature of the waste or store it under inadequate conditions.
C) Companies mix it with regular waste for cheaper disposal, or store incompatible chemicals or amounts.
D) All of the preceding are ways companies commit T/S/D crimes.

Question 26

Agricriminal is a broad term whose meaning encompasses a variety of products used on farms,including pesticides,fertilizers,and herbicides and refers to the person who steals them.

Question 27

In its most base state,the purpose of livestock identification is to establish that a particular animal is the property of a specific owner.

Question 28

Unfortunately,tack is not always marked for identification,making tracing a very difficult proposition.Some owners have injected a small microchip inside tack to facilitate its recovery.

Question 29

Unlike thieves who must sell what they steal to fences for pennies on the dollars,thieves involved in timber theft get full value for their efforts.

Question 30

Poachers are categorized into two types: ________ poachers take much more game because they kill for profit.

Question 31

Which of the following is not one of the patterns developed with respect to laws enacted to combat environmental crimes?

A) Acts over which only the military has jurisdiction.
B) Acts over which only the federal government has jurisdiction.
C) Acts for which there is concurrent federal and state jurisdiction.
D) Acts for which there is unique state and/or local jurisdiction.

Question 32

Patrol officers should approach suspected hazardous spills

A) with weapons drawn.
B) with the wind at their back.
C) from low-lying grounds.
D) with the wind at their front.

Question 33

To transport cattle legally,certain written documents may be required,such as a bill of sale,a certificate of consignment,a brand inspector's certificate and/or a shipping or transportation permit among others.

Question 34

Environmental crimes,such as those involving the illegal treatment,storage,transportation,and disposal of hazardous waste,are often out of the spotlight but nonetheless are of crucial importance.

Question 35

Livestock refers to jackasses,hogs,mules,and other such species.

Question 36

When used to identify horses,the ________ is applied to the inside of the top lip,on cattle,the inside of the ear near the mid vein.

Question 37

Do not use ________ to protect your property as they are often illegal and frequently injure innocent people or animals.

Question 38

Which of the following is not a sign of illegal dumping of hazardous waste?

A) Suspicious discharge into waterways.
B) Suspicious vapors in the air.
C) Discolored and dying vegetation that is unusual for the season.
D) Unusual and persistent odors.

Question 39

Freezer crime rustlers are easy to capture because they have the meat (evidence)located in their freezers in their residences.

Question 40

The majority of cattle rustling thefts are committed by one or two people who take the animal for their own use.

Question 41

________ may be solids,liquids,sledges,or byproducts of manufacturing processes.

Question 42

Identify and describe the three major components of the waste cycle.

Question 43

________ substances are substances that are harmful or fatal when ingested or absorbed and that,when improperly disposed of on land,may eventually pollute groundwater.

Question 44

List five of the seven signs of illegal dumping.

Question 45

________ crimes are committed by companies that treat hazardous waste without a permit or treat it inadequately,store it without a permit to do so,improperly identify the nature of the waste or store it under inadequate conditions,discharge it into sewers,simply abandon it,mix it with regular waste for cheaper disposal,or store incompatible chemicals or amounts of chemicals beyond their permitted level.

Question 46

A waste is hazardous if it has one or more of the following characteristics: ignitability,corrosivity,________,or toxicity.

Question 47

Identify and briefly discuss different investigative programs or techniques used by wildlife officers.

Question 48

Explain T/S/D.

Question 49

What are the two major categories of poachers and how do they differ?

Question 50

Identify and briefly discuss the characteristics of hazardous waste.

Question 51

Because of the dangers associated with hazardous-waste sites,investigators must wear ________ suits to protect themselves.

Question 52

State and briefly describe different methods of marking livestock for identification.

Question 53

What generalizations can be made about livestock and tack theft?

Question 54

What specialized knowledge is required by the investigator with respect to the theft of agrichemicals?

Question 55

Identify the common provisions of RCRA state laws.