Deck 5: Nutrition

Question 1

Of the following individuals,who needs the least protein?

A) Derek, a 300-pound manager
B) Christian, a 60-pound seven-year-old
C) Michelle, a 140-pound mother-to-be
D) Scott, a 175-pound farmer

Answer 1

Christian, a 60-pound seven-year-old

Question 2

Your body needs at least ________ specific vitamins.

A) 5
B) 7
C) 9
D) 11

Answer 2

11

Question 3

The main provider of energy for the brain and nervous system is

A) glucose.
B) lactose.
C) galactose.
D) sucrose.

Answer 3

glucose.

Question 4

Which of the following can neutralize the effects of free radicals before they cause much damage?

A) phytoestrogens
B) antioxidants
C) phytotestosterones
D) phytonutrients

Question 5

When Kristi,a vegetarian,combines foods such as beans and rice to consume the right amino acids,she is practicing

A) protein matching.
B) mutual supplementation.
C) enzyme reduction.
D) weight management.

Question 6

The main purpose of proteins is to

A) protect body organs and membranes.
B) help regulate body temperature.
C) build and maintain body tissue.
D) provide energy for the brain.

Question 7

Which of the following best describes the Dietary Guidelines for Americans?

A) recommended intake levels for individual nutrients
B) scientifically based diet and exercise recommendations designed to promote health
C) a graphic nutritional tool that can be customized for different calorie needs
D) the average daily amount of any one nutrient needed to protect against nutritional deficiency

Question 8

Which of the following food products is highest in unsaturated fats?

A) vegetable oils
B) palm oils
C) poultry
D) whole milk

Question 9

Most adults need only ________ percent of their daily calorie intake in the form of fat.

A) 10
B) 15
C) 20
D) 25

Question 10

Your body needs ________ essential minerals.

A) 5
B) 10
C) 15
D) 20

Question 11

The acceptable macronutrient distribution range (AMDR)for protein is ________ percent of daily energy intake.

A) 1-10
B) 10-35
C) 45-60
D) 70-80

Question 12

Which of the following is true of phytochemicals?

A) Nutritionists say most people should take them as supplements.
B) Research suggests they have many health benefits.
C) Only a limited number of foods contain them.
D) They are common biochemicals altered by radiation.

Question 13

Which of the following statements is true about fiber?

A) Fiber is best obtained through pills and other fiber supplements.
B) Increases in daily fiber intake should be gradual.
C) Consuming excessive fiber can increase vitamin absorption.
D) The typical American diet provides about 25g of fiber a day.

Question 14

Which of the following is NOT a macronutrient?

A) protein
B) fat
C) water
D) vitamins

Question 15

The fatty acids now considered most hazardous to health are the

A) polyunsaturated fatty acids.
B) monounsaturated fatty acids.
C) high density lipoprotein acids.
D) trans fatty acids.

Question 16

Which of the following statements is true about fats in food?

A) Fats are a primary source of quick energy.
B) Fats affect the texture and taste, but not the smell, of foods.
C) Fats depress appetite.
D) Fats are the principal form of stored energy in the body.

Question 17

Mary burns 2,000 calories a day; she requires approximately ________ cups of water daily.

A) 2 to 4
B) 6 to 8
C) 8 to 12
D) 14 to 16

Question 18

All of the following are functions of water,EXCEPT

A) helping to regulate body temperature.
B) lubricating our moving parts.
C) absorbing and transporting nutrients.
D) providing energy for the nervous system.

Question 19

Which of the following statements about vitamins and minerals is FALSE?

A) Consuming excessive amounts of vitamins or minerals can lead to toxicity.
B) Two types of vitamins exist-fat-soluble and water-soluble.
C) Minerals are organic substances; vitamins are inorganic.
D) Vitamins and minerals are both micronutrients.

Question 20

Oxygen in the body is metabolized to produce unstable molecules called ________,which can damage cell structures and DNA.

A) antioxidants
B) phytochemicals
C) free radicals
D) phytoesterols

Question 21

Although a person can live without other nutrients for a long time,one can only survive for a few days without water.

Question 22

Which of the following statements is true of energy drinks?

A) They will soon be banned by the FDA.
B) Long-term studies on their side effects indicate they are not a health risk.
C) Experts feel their potential benefits outweigh their risks.
D) They could be harmful if consumed in excess or at the wrong time.

Question 23

Vitamin water contains about as many calories as a soft drink.

Question 24

The 2015-2020 Dietary Guidelines for Americans recommends that all Americans take a vitamin and mineral supplement daily.

Question 25

Which of the following common practices creates the greatest risk of transmitting foodborne illnesses?

A) placing cold foods in a refrigerator immediately after grocery shopping
B) defrosting meat and poultry at room temperature
C) microwaving foods to 165° F before serving
D) washing raw produce

Question 26

Bottled water sold within the same state in which it was retrieved is exempt from FDA inspection.

Question 27

An immune reaction to the protein gluten is the cause of

A) celiac disease.
B) diabetes.
C) osteoporosis.
D) cardiovascular disease.

Question 28

Which of the following statements about sodium intake is true?

A) Most people should not try to reduce their sodium intake.
B) Most of the sodium in our diets comes from sources other than salt.
C) The maximum recommended sodium intake for adults is 100 milligrams per day.
D) Sodium is an essential nutrient, but we only need about 1/10 of a teaspoon per day.

Question 29

Which of the following statements about

A) Some infections can be fatal to humans.
B) It occurs naturally in food crops.
C) Most people can ingest it without harm.
D) It dies quickly outside of its host.
E) coli is true?

Question 30

The FDA permits the use of the term light on food packaging if the product has

A) no trans fats.
B) one-third fewer calories or half the fat of the regular product.
C) fewer calories than similar products.
D) at least 25 percent less fat than the regular product.

Question 31

Which of the following is a fruit or vegetable that carries little pesticide residue?

A) celery
B) apples
C) bananas
D) potatoes

Question 32

Which of the following is NOT one of the eight foods most responsible for food allergies?

A) peanuts
B) wheat
C) chocolate
D) eggs

Question 33

Water regulates body temperature and carries waste products out of the body.

Question 34

Which of the following statements about diet sodas is accurate?

A) Diet sodas do not contain preservatives.
B) Those who are concerned about developing Type-2 diabetes should drink diet sodas.
C) Unlike regular soft drinks, diet sodas provide essential nutrients.
D) After 10 to 20 years, diet soda drinkers have worse health outcomes than regular soda drinkers.

Question 35

Which of the following statements is true regarding food allergies?

A) Most food reactions are caused by food allergies.
B) Shellfish and fruits are not common allergenic foods.
C) Food allergies affect adults more than children.
D) Food allergies cause life-threatening reactions in many people.

Question 36

The most common symptoms of food poisoning are

A) heart arrhythmias.
B) arthritis and kidney failure.
C) nausea, vomiting, and mild fever.
D) frequent urination and bloody diarrhea.

Question 37

The Environmental Protection Agency sets standards for water quality and inspects water supplies for bacteria and chemicals.

Question 38

Which of the following statements is true regarding organic foods?

A) Research has confirmed their health advantages.
B) They pose a somewhat higher risk of causing food-borne illness.
C) They degrade soil and water and endanger the health of farm workers.
D) There are no current federal guidelines under which to certify them.

Question 39

Approximately how many Americans die every year from foodborne illness?

A) 1,000
B) 3,000
C) 8,000
D) 15,000

Question 40

Sweat contains electrolytes.

Question 41

Vegetarian diets may offer protection against heart disease,high blood pressure,diabetes,digestive disorders,obesity,and some forms of cancer.

Question 42

Many scientists estimate that trans fatty acids offer health benefits similar to those from polyunsaturated and monounsaturated fats.

Question 43

Carbohydrates are the principal form of stored energy in the body.

Question 44

A sudden increase in daily fiber,for example from 10g to 30g,may cause bloating,gas,and other problems,so increases should be made gradually.

Question 45

The typical American consumes more than an adequate amount of fiber each day.

Question 46

Both MyPlate and the Dietary Guidelines for Americans differ significantly from current eating patterns in the United States.

Question 47

Most of the carbohydrates and other nutrients we need come from grains,seeds,fruits,and vegetables.

Question 48

The USDA recommends Americans consume two servings of fish per week.

Question 49

Diets high in whole grains sometimes cause overeating because they do not make an individual feel full.

Question 50

Young children should get a higher percentage of their calories from fat than adults.

Question 51

Packaged-food labels are regulated by the FDA,while labeling of meat and poultry products is regulated by the USDA.

Question 52

Vitamins A,D,E,and K are soluble only in water.

Question 53

Unlike overconsumption of certain vitamins,consumption of excessive amounts of minerals will not lead to toxicity.

Question 54

The AMDR for protein is 10-35 percent of daily energy intake.

Question 55

Mercury contamination is a concern with every type of fish.

Question 56

The 2015-2020 Dietary Guidelines removed cholesterol as a "nutrient of concern for overconsumption."

Question 57

The DASH Eating Plan was originally developed to reduce high blood pressure.

Question 58

The FDA has given food manufacturers until 2018 to remove trans fatty acids from their products.

Question 59

Carbohydrates are the only source of energy for brain cells.

Question 60

Monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fats lower blood cholesterol levels or have no effect on them.

Question 61

The FDA has concluded that all genetically modified food products require special safety testing.

Question 62

Asparagus,avocados,and bananas carry little pesticide residue,whether grown conventionally or organically.

Question 63

Energy drinks should not be consumed immediately after a vigorous workout.

Question 64

Data from the Centers for Disease Control suggest that every year approximately 48 million people get sick from foodborne illness.

Question 65

Most fast food restaurants will provide nutritional brochures to customers,if requested.

Question 66

The ________ Macronutrient Distribution Range is the amount of a particular nutrient an individual can consume without risking chronic disease.

Question 67

Most food reactions are caused by food allergies rather than food intolerance.

Question 68

Research has not demonstrated that organic foods are healthier and safer than conventionally grown foods.

Question 69

Gluten is a form of protein that is found in wheat,barley,rye,and triticale.

Question 70

When looking at food labels,you should look for food with no more than 10 percent of its calories from fats and no more than 30 percent from added sugar.

Question 71

A majority of food poisoning outbreaks are attributed to food eaten at home.

Question 72

There is no treatment or cure for food allergies.

Question 73

Nutrients (chemical substances used by the body to build,maintain,and repair tissues)that cannot be manufactured by the human body are called ________ nutrients.

Question 74

Artificial sweeteners are generally considered safe if consumed in recommended amounts.

Question 75

Eggs,peanuts,and milk are three of the eight foods that account for 90 percent of food allergies.

Question 76

Eggs containing salmonella enteritis are the number-one cause of food poisoning outbreaks in the nation.

Question 77

The use of some food descriptors,such as "light," are regulated by the FDA.

Question 78

The least healthy options at fast-food restaurants include fried fish sandwiches and chicken nuggets.

Question 79

Dietary ________ Intakes (DRIs)is an umbrella term developed by the National Academies' Food and Nutrition Board for four dietary measurements: estimated average requirement,recommended dietary allowances,adequate intake,and tolerable upper intake level.

Question 80

The label "organic" means that all contents are organic.