Deck 7: Body Weight and Body Composition

Question 1

Which of the following statements about body fat percentages is true?

A) Body fat percentage for women decreases during puberty.
B) Average body fat percentage does not differ by gender.
C) Some hormones cannot be produced when body fat falls below a certain threshold.
D) Ethnicity has no influence on body fat percentage.

Answer 1

Some hormones cannot be produced when body fat falls below a certain threshold.

Question 2

Obesity is defined as having a body mass index of ________ or higher.

A) 25
B) 35
C) 30
D) 39

Answer 2

30

Question 3

Overweight,a condition that is less serious than obesity,is defined as having an adult BMI between ________ and ________.

A) 30; 39.9
B) 18.5; 25.9
C) 30; 35.9
D) 25; 29.9

Answer 3

25; 29.9

Question 4

All of the following indicate a healthy body weight EXCEPT

A) a weight within an acceptable range for one's height.
B) a fat distribution that is not a risk factor for illness.
C) a weight within the common range for one's age group.
D) the absence of medical conditions that suggest a need for weight loss.

Question 5

Barbara is beginning to experience menopause; her fat distribution will most likely

A) remain unchanged.
B) become undifferentiated.
C) shift from her abdomen to her hips and thighs.
D) shift from her hips and thighs to her abdomen.

Question 6

Which of the following statements about weight in the different phases of life is true?

A) Childhood obesity is not a strong determinant for adult obesity.
B) Girls experience an increase in body fat during puberty.
C) Weight gained in early pregnancy always recedes following birth.
D) Middle age is often a time of weight maintenance.

Question 7

Which of the following is true regarding the genetics of obesity?

A) Adopted children tend to be similar in weight to their adoptive parents.
B) The risk of becoming obese increases slightly if one's parents are not obese.
C) Twin studies support a genetic tendency toward obesity.
D) For most people, obesity involves a single gene.

Question 8

Which of the following statements about body fat distribution is true?

A) Fat carried on the hips and thighs is a disadvantage because it breaks down and enters the bloodstream more easily.
B) Women, after menopause, experience a shift in body fat from the hips and thighs to the abdomen.
C) Obese men tend to accumulate fat around the hips and thighs.
D) There is no association of abdominal fat distribution with diabetes.

Question 9

After puberty,a boy of healthy weight typically levels off at ________ percent body fat.

A) 10
B) 15
C) 20
D) 25

Question 10

To estimate one's daily energy requirements,consider all of the following EXCEPT

A) energy spent on basal metabolic rate.
B) energy spent during sleep.
C) energy spent on physical activities.
D) the thermic effect of food.

Question 11

The body mass index (BMI)is used mainly to determine

A) your overall physical condition.
B) how height correlates with weight.
C) how your body weight may affect your health.
D) your body fat percentage.

Question 12

Of the following,the greatest influence on the growth of weight problems in America is

A) a weakening economy.
B) the growing availability of health information.
C) the growing availability and convenience of unhealthy foods.
D) the decreasing availability of whole grains and vegetables.

Question 13

John weighs 242 pounds and has a body mass index of 26; John is considered

A) normal weight.
B) overweight.
C) obese.
D) Not enough information is provided.

Question 14

At what age does weight typically begin to decline for males and females due to causes such as less muscle tissue,less body mass,and a decreased caloric need?

A) 50
B) 75
C) 60
D) 80

Question 15

All of the following are associated with low body fat levels EXCEPT

A) depression.
B) hair loss.
C) increased appetite.
D) infertility.

Question 16

Abdominal fat is considered a greater threat to health than hip-and-thigh fat because abdominal fat

A) squeezes the heart.
B) reduces lung capacity.
C) more easily enters the bloodstream.
D) causes lower back ailments that lead to inactivity.

Question 17

Of the following,who has a body fat percentage outside the range generally considered healthy?

A) Richard, a dentist, with 26 percent body fat
B) Abbey, a female college gymnast, with 22 percent body fat
C) Clarke, a male college soccer player, with 19 percent body fat
D) Caroline, a travel agent, with 24 percent body fat

Question 18

The thermic effect of food-the energy required to process the food one eats-is estimated at ________ percent of energy intake.

A) 5
B) 10
C) 15
D) 20

Question 19

Surveys show that 25 percent of all trips in the United States are less than 1 mile,and yet ________ percent of these trips are taken by car.

A) 25
B) 50
C) 75
D) 90

Question 20

Obese people are ________ times as likely as healthy-weight people to die before reaching their expected life span.

A) two
B) four
C) eight
D) sixteen

Question 21

A very-low-calorie diet (800 calories or less daily)is

A) always a hazard to health.
B) only recommended under a doctor's supervision.
C) effective only until BMR adjusts within a few days.
D) not an accepted weight-loss approach.

Question 22

Obese men tend to accumulate fat in their hips and thighs,while obese women tend to accumulate fat in their abdomens.

Question 23

Married men tend to weigh more than men who have never been married.

Question 24

It is impossible to determine with weight information alone whether an individual is at a healthy weight,underweight,overweight,or obese.

Question 25

Every person has an ideal weight,a set point of healthy weight.

Question 26

For individuals,achieving a healthy body weight for life depends mainly on

A) lifestyle.
B) environment.
C) economic status.
D) access to health care.

Question 27

How do the diet drugs lorcaserin and phentermine-topiramate help people lose weight?

A) They reduce food intake.
B) They reduce body fat absorption.
C) They reduce food absorption.
D) They reduce the body's caloric need.

Question 28

To find a weight loss plan that offers the best chance of success,you should avoid plans that

A) claim to promote balanced nutrition.
B) will drastically change your eating patterns.
C) rely on physical activity to help you succeed.
D) focus on gradual instead of rapid weight loss.

Question 29

Which of the following is true about BMR?

A) Physical activity only influences BMR by burning calories.
B) There is no way to change your BMR.
C) BMR is influenced by age, gender, and weight.
D) Between 50 and 75 percent of the calories consumed each day are used for physical activity.

Question 30

In 2014,no state in the United States had a prevalence rate of obesity less than 20 percent.

Question 31

If both of a person's parents are obese,he or she still has only a 10 percent higher chance of becoming obese than a person with parents who are both not obese.

Question 32

For a person who is trying to lose weight,a weight loss of ________ pounds per week is a healthy goal.

A) 1 to 2
B) 2 to 4
C) 4 to 5
D) 5 to 7

Question 33

A major premise of the size acceptance movement is that

A) there is no proven connection between body weight and wellness.
B) the weight loss industry is exploitative and unhealthy.
C) there is no ideal body shape.
D) most obesity research is biased.

Question 34

Men and women have similar patterns of weight gain over the course of their lifetimes.

Question 35

A body fat percentage below a healthy range can cause health problems such as infertility,depression,and lack of menstruation.

Question 36

Hormones cannot be produced when the body falls below a certain body fat threshold.

Question 37

Sheriz has started taking an over-the-counter drug to increase his basal metabolic rate,but he has experienced dizziness,shakiness,and sleep difficulties.What drug is Sheriz most likely reacting to?

A) Orlistat, an appetite suppressant
B) Ritalin, a methylphenidate
C) Prozac, an antidepressant
D) caffeine, a stimulant

Question 38

The healthiest body mass index,or BMI,is between 15 and 18.

Question 39

________ works in the intestines to block the absorption of fat.

A) Phentermine
B) Orlistat
C) Prozac
D) Sibutramine

Question 40

The lower healthy range of body fat is 5-10 percent for male athletes and 15-20 percent for female athletes.

Question 41

Studies have found an association between television watching and overweight in children,youth,and adults.

Question 42

High-fat foods have a greater thermic effect than high-carbohydrate foods.

Question 43

The constant presence of stress hormones during chronic stress can influence fat deposits and increase the amount of fat deposited in the abdomen.

Question 44

A person who is genetically predisposed to be obese cannot improve his or her overall health through moderate lifestyle changes.

Question 45

There are currently three classes of drugs commonly prescribed for weight loss: those that act in the brain to reduce food intake; those that act in the body to reduce fat absorption; and those that directly attack and reduce fat deposits in the body.

Question 46

Measuring body weight in relationship to height,a body mass ________ uses the unit kilograms (of body weight)per square meter (body height squared).

Question 47

Some studies have shown that if an individual's friends gain weight,that individual is more likely to gain weight.

Question 48

Many of the diet drugs currently available and approved by the FDA can ensure permanent weight loss.

Question 49

Body weight that exceeds the recommended guidelines for good health,or a body mass index of 25 or more and below 30,is considered ________.

Question 50

Chronic stress can increase the amount of fat that is deposited in the abdomen.

Question 51

Food served in restaurants and fast food outlets tends to be higher in fat and total calories than food prepared at home.

Question 52

One year after delivery,about 15 to 20 percent of women continue to maintain the weight they gained during pregnancy.

Question 53

Most people who begin diets that drastically alter their eating patterns go off the diet and return to their previous eating patterns.

Question 54

Defined as a body mass index of 30 or more,________ is body weight that greatly exceeds the recommended guidelines for good health.

Question 55

Orlistat,a fat-blocker,results in an average weight loss of 15 pounds or more.

Question 56

Very-low-calorie diets are reserved only for patients with high health risks due to obesity; they involve an intake of 800 or fewer calories each day.

Question 57

The U.S.surgeon general has asked that all schools reduce junk food and promote healthy,balanced meals.

Question 58

Very-low-calorie diets are used for people with BMIs greater than 30 who are highly motivated but have not had success with more conservative plans.

Question 59

Surgery should be considered the first-line approach for patients with a BMI of 40 or greater.

Question 60

After age 50,men tend to see an increase in abdominal fat.

Question 61

The rate at which the body uses energy for basic life functions is called the ________ rate.

Question 62

Individuals with a BMI of 40 or greater and a history of failed medical treatments for obesity may have the option to undergo ________ surgery.

Question 63

One class of weight-loss drugs works in the brain to reduce food intake; the other class works in the body to reduce food ________.

Question 64

Every year,"new and improved" _______ diets seduce consumers despite the fact that their safety and effectiveness are often unproven.

Question 65

Disorders of the ________,which is located in the neck and produces a hormone that is involved in metabolism,can be associated with weight gain or loss.

Question 66

The body fat measurement technique in which an individual is weighed underwater is ________.

Question 67

The body fat measurement technique in which an electrical current is directed through the body is bioelectrical ________.

Question 68

An unhealthy waist circumference for a woman would be one that is greater than ________ inches.(Use numerals for the number instead of spelling it out.)

Question 69

A(n)________ environment makes it easier to eat unhealthily and avoid physical activity,therefore increasing the likelihood of obesity.

Question 70

The "yo-yo dieting" effect of repeated cycles in which a person loses weight only to be followed by new gain in weight is referred to as ________.

Question 71

A pound of body fat stores about ________ calories.

Question 72

These are several different ways to measure body fat.The method that involves measuring the thickness of skin and fat is referred to as ________ measurement,or caliper testing.

Question 73

The ________ movement aims to decrease negative body image thoughts while encouraging self-acceptance and healthy eating patterns.

Question 74

Abdominal fat (also called ________ fat)is a disadvantage because it breaks down more easily and enters the blood stream more readily.

Question 75

The relationship between caloric intake (in the form of food)and output (in the form of metabolism and activity)is ________.

Question 76

________ is a disease in which the levels of glucose circulating in the bloodstream are too high,setting the stage for health complications.

Question 77

An underweight individual will have a BMI that is less than ________.

Question 78

Obesity is a(n)________ disorder in which multiple genes may predispose toward obesity but interactions with the environment determine outcome.

Question 79

The ________ of food is an estimate of the energy required to process the food one eats.This energy is used in chewing and digesting the food one eats,and in absorbing,transporting,metabolizing,and storing the energy and nutrients one gets from food.

Question 80

Girls increase their body fat percentage due to hormonal changes during ________.