Deck 15: B: Treatment of Psychological Disorders

Question 1

What is the term for Sigmund Freud's approach to the treatment of psychological disorders?

A)unconscious therapy
B)client-centred therapy
C)psychoanalysis
D)psychotherapy

Answer 1

psychoanalysis

Question 2

Which of the following is NOT an insight therapy?

A)client-centred therapy
B)group therapy
C)Psychoanalytic therapy
D)social skills therapy

Answer 2

social skills therapy

Question 3

What did Sigmund Freud believe caused psychological disorders?

A)current stressful situations in one's life
B)maladaptive patterns of thinking established in childhood
C)inconsistency between one's self-concept and reality
D)unconscious conflicts left over from early childhood

Answer 3

unconscious conflicts left over from early childhood

Question 4

Which of the following are techniques used in psychoanalysis to uncover unconscious conflicts?

A)free association and resistance
B)dream analysis and transference
C)free association and dream analysis
D)resistance and transference

Question 5

Sherry's therapist focuses on verbal interactions, in order to help Sherry gain a deeper understanding of herself. Her therapist's ultimate goal is to alter Sherry's personality. Which type of therapist is she?

A)insight therapist
B)cognitive-behavioural therapist
C)biomedical therapist
D)behaviour therapist

Question 6

Steve is becoming very aggravated with his therapist, and he has been missing appointments and reacting with sarcasm and hostility to his therapist's comments. What would Freud call this reaction?

A)repression
B)incongruence
C)resistance
D)transference

Question 7

Which of the following therapies is NOT one of the three major categories of psychotherapy?

A)behaviour therapies
B)emotion therapies
C)biomedical therapies
D)insight therapies

Question 8

Mohamed suffers from chronic anxiety. He tends to worry constantly and is uncomfortable in a wide variety of situations. He decides to seek therapy. Mohamed's primary goal is to simply reduce the level of anxiety and tension he is experiencing, and to do so with minimal effort. Which type of therapy is Mohamed most likely to select?

A)emotion
B)behaviour
C)biomedical
D)insight

Question 9

Different approaches to psychotherapy are designed to accomplish different outcomes. Which of the following lists in the correct order, three types of therapy that are designed to change the behaviour, change the thinking, and change the self-concept of a client?

A)systematic desensitization, client-centred therapy, cognitive therapy
B)electroconvulsive therapy, cognitive therapy, psychoanalysis
C)aversion therapy, cognitive therapy, client-centred therapy
D)drug therapy, psychoanalysis, group therapy

Question 10

Which type of therapist is most likely to have a master's degree, rather than a Ph.D.?

A)psychiatrist
B)school psychologist
C)clinical social worker
D)clinical psychologist

Question 11

What is emphasized in psychoanalytic therapy?

A)providing a supportive climate for clients
B)improving interpersonal skills
C)recovery of unconscious conflicts, motives, and defences
D)correcting habitual thinking errors

Question 12

Dr. Tenzing used treatments based on Skinner's principles of operant conditioning. Which type of therapist is Dr. Tenzing?

A)biomedical
B)behavioural
C)insight
D)emotion

Question 13

What are the two principle types of professionals involved in providing psychotherapy?

A)psychologists and psychoanalysts
B)psychiatrists and counsellors
C)psychologists and psychiatrists
D)psychoanalysts and counsellors

Question 14

Troy is seeing a therapist who often asks him about his dreams, and encourages him to talk about anything that happens to pop into his mind. Which type of therapy is Troy experiencing?

A)humanistic therapy
B)psychoanalysis
C)rational emotive therapy
D)systematic desensitization

Question 15

Which statement concerning psychiatrists is false?

A)Psychiatrists specialize in the diagnosis and treatment of psychological disorders.
B)Psychiatrists are physicians and have a medical degree.
C)Psychiatrists typically devote very little of their time to relatively serious disorders.
D)Psychiatrists frequently emphasize biomedical therapy.

Question 16

Which psychotherapy is being employed by therapists who emphasize "talk therapy" in treatment?

A)insight
B)biomedical
C)emotion
D)behaviour

Question 17

Tarek suffers from chronic anxiety. He tends to worry constantly and is uncomfortable in a wide variety of situations. He decides to seek therapy. Tarek believes that if he can learn to calm himself when he finds himself in anxiety-producing situations, then he will be better able to cope. Based on Tarek's beliefs, which type of therapy is he most likely to select?

A)behaviour
B)emotion
C)biomedical
D)insight

Question 18

Ashton has decided to seek treatment from a psychologist. Which of the following is most likely to be true about Ashton?

A)Ashton experiences symptoms of anxiety or depression.
B)Ashton does not require any actual treatment.
C)Ashton has already thought about the type of treatment that is required.
D)Ashton will likely be treated with medication.

Question 19

In providing psychotherapy, which types of therapists tend to use either insight therapy or behaviour therapy?

A)clinical psychologists and counselling psychologists
B)psychologists and psychiatrists
C)clinical psychologists and psychiatrists
D)counselling psychologists and psychiatrists

Question 20

Darryl suffers from chronic anxiety. He tends to worry constantly and is uncomfortable in a wide variety of situations. He decides to seek therapy. Darryl believes that if he learns why he is so anxious he will be better able to cope. Based on Darryl's beliefs, which type of therapy is he likely to choose?

A)insight
B)emotion
C)behaviour
D)biomedical

Question 21

According to your textbook, what is the most important behaviour of group members in group therapy?

A)They discuss their problems with each other.
B)They discuss coping strategies with each other.
C)They provide emotional support for each other.
D)They share experiences with each other.

Question 22

What term is used to describe largely unconscious defensive manoeuvres by a client intended to hinder the progress of therapy?

A)transference
B)therapeutic obstacles
C)resistance
D)maladaptive behaviours

Question 23

Jarett is 15 years old and he has been diagnosed with depression. His parents and siblings are all going to family therapy with Jarett. What will the role of Jarett's family members be in therapy?

A)to act as a 'control group' so that Jarett's therapist can determine how severe his symptoms are
B)to learn how the whole family interacts and to be aware of their influence on each other
C)to learn how to provide Jarett with his medication and enforce his treatment program
D)to provide positive role models so that Jarett can pattern his behaviour after them

Question 24

Which of the following is NOT a goal of clients in client-centred therapy?

A)developing an accurate self-concept
B)gaining self-acceptance
C)realizing they do not have to worry about winning acceptance from others
D)resolving unconscious conflicts

Question 25

Doris thinks she is in love with her therapist and has begun to respond to him in that way. What do psychoanalysts call these feelings and behaviours?

A)transference
B)modelling
C)interpretation
D)free association

Question 26

Which technique do psychoanalysts use to help clients gain insight regarding the unconscious meaning of their free associations and dreams?

A)interpretation
B)transference
C)modelling
D)empathy

Question 27

Sometimes, individuals decide to terminate therapy at a time the therapist feels is premature and at a point when therapy is about to make significant progress. What would Sigmund Freud call this behaviour?

A)repression
B)interpretation
C)transference
D)resistance

Question 28

In which therapy do patients themselves play a major role in determining the pace and direction of their therapy and work together with their therapist as equals?

A)cognitive
B)systematic desensitization
C)psychoanalysis
D)client-centred

Question 29

What is emphasized in client-centred therapy?

A)the recovery of unconscious conflicts, motives, and defences
B)providing a supportive climate for clients
C)correcting habitual thinking errors
D)improving interpersonal skills

Question 30

Which of the following is one of the three conditions Carl Rogers believed was important to help create a supportive emotional climate for therapy?

A)transference
B)unconditional positive regard
C)sympathy
D)friendship

Question 31

No matter what Sam tells his therapist concerning his failures or successes, weaknesses or strengths, spiteful behaviours or good deeds, vengeful feelings or positive emotions, his therapist is very accepting of him as a person. What is Sam's therapist showing him?

A)transference
B)genuineness
C)empathy
D)unconditional positive regard

Question 32

Mandy is taking part in group therapy for treatment of her eating disorder. Which of the following benefits can Mandy expect to experience?

A)constant monitoring of her progress
B)faster treatment of her symptoms
C)recognition that her struggles are normal
D)greater access to biomedical interventions

Question 33

Reggie's therapist encourages him to set the pace of their meetings, and to decide what issues need to be addressed. What type of therapy is Reggie experiencing?

A)rational emotive therapy
B)client-centred therapy
C)psychoanalysis
D)systematic desensitization

Question 34

According to Greenberg, what can emotion-focused couples therapy provide that cognitive-behavioural therapy cannot?

A)long-lasting results
B)dealing with people's core problems
C)reduction in distressing symptoms
D)increase in coping ability

Question 35

Tim's therapist is a humanist, and has a view of mental illness that is very similar to that of Carl Rogers. What would Tim's therapist suggest is the cause of Tim's problems?

A)maladaptive patterns of thinking established in his childhood
B)unconscious conflicts left over from his early childhood
C)current stressful situations in Tim's life
D)inconsistency between Tim's self-concept and reality

Question 36

In therapy, Amanda's therapist often rephrases and clarifies her comments. If Amanda says, "Last night I was so angry at my daughter I wanted to slap her across the face," her therapist might respond, "Your daughter really got to you." What type of therapy uses this technique?

A)client-centred therapy
B)psychoanalysis
C)social skills training
D)cognitive therapy

Question 37

What did Sigmund Freud consider to be the most direct way to access the patient's unconscious or the "royal road to the unconscious"?

A)dreams
B)truth serum
C)free association
D)hypnosis

Question 38

Ellen is undergoing treatment for symptoms of depression. During each session, Ellen's therapist asks her to list all the good things that have happened to her, and to write letters of forgiveness to people who have wronged her. Which type of therapy is Ellen likely experiencing?

A)social-skills training
B)rational emotive therapy
C)psychoanalysis
D)positive psychotherapy

Question 39

Laura is encouraged by her therapist to talk about absolutely anything that comes to her mind. Over the course of each session as her train of thought wanders, she usually talks about a variety of topics. From time to time, her therapist comments on her statements. Which technique does this reflect?

A)free association
B)resistance
C)dream analysis
D)unconditional positive regard

Question 40

Renata is acting very clingy and needy toward her therapist. This is similar to the way that she behaved with her father, who was very distant and never seemed to have time for her. What would Freud call Renata's current behaviour toward her therapist?

A)interpretation
B)resistance
C)regression
D)transference

Question 41

Which therapy utilizes learning principles associated with operant conditioning and observational learning?

A)aversion therapy
B)systematic desensitization
C)client-centred therapy
D)social skills training

Question 42

Karen is being treated for her phobia of snakes, and her therapist has asked her to construct a list (from lowest to highest) of all the snake-related ideas, images, and experiences that elicit fear. What treatment is Karen experiencing?

A)cognitive therapy
B)aversion therapy
C)psychoanalysis
D)systematic desensitization

Question 43

Which type of therapy has the central assumption that "What has been learned can be unlearned"?

A)group therapy
B)behaviour therapy
C)insight therapy
D)biomedical therapy

Question 44

Alice has a dog phobia. She is being taught to completely relax and then mentally imagine a dog nearby. Which type of therapy is Alice receiving?

A)avoidance therapy
B)systematic desensitization
C)aversion therapy
D)psychotherapy

Question 45

Tom has just started therapy to treat his anxiety and his therapist is very focused on reducing his symptoms. Tom's therapist is training him in relaxation methods that he can use whenever his anxiety is triggered. Which type of therapy is Tom experiencing?

A)psychoanalysis
B)insight therapy
C)positive psychotherapy
D)behaviour therapy

Question 46

What is aversion therapy designed to do?

A)correct habitual thinking errors and maladaptive beliefs
B)create a negative response to a stimulus that has elicited problematic behaviour
C)improve interpersonal skills
D)reduce phobic responses

Question 47

What is the cause of psychological disorders, according to behaviour therapists?

A)unconscious conflicts left over from childhood
B)current stressful situations in one's life
C)past conditioning
D)inconsistency between one's self-concept and reality

Question 48

What type of treatment may involve giving a problem drinker a drug that induces nausea when combined with alcohol?

A)aversion therapy
B)drug therapy
C)systematic desensitization
D)chemotherapy

Question 49

Which of the following is NOT a behaviour therapy?

A)systematic desensitization
B)social skills training
C)extinction therapy
D)aversion therapy

Question 50

Aversion therapy would be most appropriate for a client wanting to do which of the following?

A)quit smoking
B)decrease negative thoughts
C)overcome social anxiety
D)overcome an elevator phobia

Question 51

Which techniques are primarily employed in social skills training?

A)cognitive therapy and modelling
B)modelling, behavioural rehearsal, and shaping
C)relaxation training and shaping
D)classical and operant conditioning

Question 52

Many times, an individual with a psychological disorder will recover from the disorder without receiving any treatment. What is this phenomenon called?

A)spontaneous recovery
B)spontaneous remission
C)placebo remission
D)placebo recovery

Question 53

Which of the following is a behaviour therapy?

A)extinction therapy
B)drug therapy
C)electroconvulsive therapy
D)social skills training

Question 54

What is systematic desensitization designed to do?

A)correct habitual thinking errors and maladaptive beliefs
B)reduce phobic responses
C)improve interpersonal skills
D)create a negative response to a stimulus that has elicited problematic behaviour

Question 55

Rick is terrified of spiders and he is currently working with a therapist who uses systematic desensitization. What basic pattern of treatment will Rick experience?

A)uncovering repressed feelings about spiders
B)changing his attitude about spiders through a series of thought exercises
C)training to relax when confronted with spiders
D)gradually reducing the amount of medication that he uses to cope with his spider anxiety

Question 56

When a client can remain relaxed while imagining one item on his anxiety hierarchy, what does the client do next?

A)imagine an item at the top of the hierarchy
B)imagine the next item lower on the hierarchy
C)imagine the next item higher on the hierarchy
D)imagine an item at the bottom of the hierarchy

Question 57

Which type of therapist employs the principles of classical and operant conditioning and observational learning?

A)biomedical therapists
B)behaviour therapists
C)client-centred therapists
D)psychoanalytic therapists

Question 58

Nora is very timid and is often exploited by others. Nora decides to seek treatment to learn to be more assertive and asks you for advice. Which type of therapy could you recommend that would be appropriate to help with her problem and is likely to result in positive changes in her behaviour relatively quickly?

A)psychoanalysis
B)rational emotive therapy
C)social skills training
D)systematic desensitization

Question 59

Which of the following could include a classical conditioning-based behaviour therapy designed to treat alcohol abuse?

A)negative punishment
B)exposure therapy
C)aversion therapy
D)systematic desensitization

Question 60

Which of the following pairs of treatments contain treatments that are MOST similar to one another?

A)psychoanalysis and systematic desensitization
B)cingulotomy and psychoanalysis
C)systematic desensitization and exposure therapy
D)cingulotomy and exposure therapy

Question 61

Compared to traditional antipsychotic drugs, which of the following is true of atypical antipsychotics?

A)They have less risk of cardiovascular problems.
B)They have more unpleasant side effects.
C)They have less risk of tardive dyskinesia.
D)They are less effective.

Question 62

Which group of therapeutic drugs tends to exert their effect almost immediately, but also tends to have an effect that lasts only a short time?

A)mood stabilizers
B)antianxiety drugs
C)antipsychotic drugs
D)antidepressant drugs

Question 63

Opal told her therapist that she thinks she's too stupid to finish university. Opal's therapist pointed out that Opal got very high grades in many of her courses so far, and asked her to explain how that could happen if she were stupid. What type of therapy is Opal experiencing?

A)Psychoanalytic therapy
B)client-centred therapy
C)systematic desensitization
D)cognitive therapy

Question 64

For what type of problems was cognitive therapy originally developed as a treatment?

A)low self-esteem
B)poor interpersonal skills
C)depression
D)anxiety

Question 65

What class of psychiatric drugs includes Valium and Xanax?

A)mood stabilizers
B)antianxiety drugs
C)antipsychotic drugs
D)antidepressant drugs

Question 66

Carl has an important presentation to make at work next week. He is experiencing a high level of anxiety and is very tense. Carl asks his doctor if there is any medication he could take that would decrease his anxiety and tension. If Carl's doctor prescribed a drug, what would it most likely be?

A)Prozac
B)lithium
C)chlorpromazine
D)Xanax

Question 67

Which therapeutic drugs used to treat psychological disorders are commonly referred to as tranquillizers?

A)antianxiety drugs
B)mood stabilizers
C)antidepressant drugs
D)antipsychotic drugs

Question 68

In which type of therapy are clients taught to detect and evaluate their negative, self-defeating thoughts and statements?

A)psychoanalysis
B)aversion therapy
C)social skills training
D)cognitive therapy

Question 69

What is cognitive therapy designed to do?

A)create a negative response to a stimulus that has elicited problematic behaviour
B)correct habitual thinking errors and maladaptive beliefs
C)improve interpersonal skills
D)reduce phobic responses

Question 70

What class of drugs is involved in the primary therapeutic drug treatment for schizophrenia?

A)mood stabilizers
B)antianxiety drugs
C)antipsychotic drugs
D)antidepressant drugs

Question 71

Which statement concerning antipsychotic drugs is false?

A)They have an effect on dopamine synapses.
B)They usually show effects within two days to a week.
C)They reduce symptoms in approximately 95 percent of patients.
D)They have many side effects such as drowsiness, tremors, and muscular rigidity.

Question 72

What is the severe side effect involving involuntary movements that is associated with antipsychotic drugs?

A)tardive dyskinesia
B)Parkinson's disease
C)serotonin syndrome
D)Tourette's syndrome

Question 73

Erik is taking a drug that reduces his feelings of anxiety, but also makes him feel rather drowsy and nauseated. Which drug is he likely taking?

A)Valium
B)Zoloft
C)lithium
D)Thorazine

Question 74

Quinn was treated for depression in the past but she is not currently experiencing any symptoms. What therapy might be recommended for Quinn in order to prevent a relapse?

A)exposure therapy
B)Psychoanalytic therapy
C)mindfulness-based therapy
D)systematic desensitization

Question 75

What side effect is commonly associated with antianxiety drugs?

A)agitation
B)drowsiness
C)dehydration
D)muscle tremors

Question 76

What class of therapeutic drugs gradually reduces symptoms such as hallucinations, delusions, hyperactivity, and mental confusion?

A)antipsychotic drugs
B)antidepressant drugs
C)mood stabilizers
D)antianxiety drugs

Question 77

Which of the following pairs of therapies both employ the techniques of modelling and behavioural rehearsal?

A)aversion therapy and cognitive therapy
B)social skills training and systematic desensitization
C)aversion therapy and systematic desensitization
D)social skills training and cognitive therapy

Question 78

What is the general term for physiological interventions intended to reduce symptoms associated with psychological disorders?

A)physical therapy
B)biomedical therapy
C)drug therapy
D)electroconvulsive therapy

Question 79

For which problems would behaviour therapies be least effective?

A)obsessive-compulsive disorders
B)drug-related problems
C)vague feelings of discontent
D)phobias

Question 80

What is the term for the class of therapeutic drugs that reduce tension, apprehension, and nervousness?

A)antianxiety drugs
B)antipsychotic drugs
C)mood stabilizers
D)antidepressant drugs