Deck 6: Sub-Saharan Africa

Question 1

Where in Sub-Saharan Africa can you find a Mediterranean-type climate?

A)southern Africa
B)central Africa
C)western Africa
D)eastern Africa
E)directly below the Sahara Desert

Answer 1

A

Question 2

What animal is especially threatened in today's Africa?

A)elephants
B)tigers
C)rhinoceros
D)lions
E)snakes

Answer 2

C

Question 3

The CITES treaty from 1989 helped stop what?

A)offshore oil drilling
B)desertification
C)illegal occupation of farmland by foreigners
D)elephant herds that had grown too large
E)the illegal trade in ivory

Answer 3

E

Question 4

In what region of Sub-Saharan Africa is desertification most severe?

A)the Sahel
B)the Kalahari
C)South Africa
D)the Horn of East Africa
E)the Congo

Question 5

What is the Great Escarpment?

A)a landform that rims northern Africa, from Morocco to Algeria
B)a landform that rims the Horn of Africa, from Somalia to Eritrea
C)a landform that rims southern Africa from Angola to South Africa
D)a landform that rims eastern Africa, from Kenya to Tanzania
E)a landform that rims the bulge of Africa, from Liberia to Ghana

Question 6

Looking at the graphic below, which of the following countries has the highest risk of food insecurity?

A)Niger
B)Chad
C)Mali
D)Mauritania
E)Burkina Faso

Question 7

What are the primary biofuels in Sub-Saharan Africa?

A)non-renewable resources such as coal and oil that are used to power industrial operations in African factories
B)wood and charcoal used for household energy needs
C)a new form of synfuel that has been created to solve Sub-Saharan Africa's energy problems
D)wood chips that are compacted together into log form and then sold at African markets for heating fuel
E)fuels manufactured from food and lawn wastes

Question 8

As a region, what is the unifying theme of Sub-Saharan Africa?

A)common religious experience
B)similar livelihood systems and shared colonial experience
C)shared language
D)unified political system
E)similar philosophy

Question 9

The Congo River

A)is also known as the Zambezi River.
B)drains into the Atlantic Ocean.
C)originates in Ethiopia.
D)is navigable for most of its length.
E)is the smallest watershed in the region.

Question 10

What is the only country in Africa with an extensive area of mountainous topography?

A)Congo
B)Liberia
C)Angola
D)Cameroon
E)Ethiopia

Question 11

The Famine Early Warning Systems (FEWS)network uses all of the criteria below to monitor food insecurity EXCEPT

A)rainfall.
B)food production.
C)total fertility rates.
D)food prices.
E)vegetation cover.

Question 12

What is transhumance?

A)the seasonal movement of animals and their tenders between wet- and dry-season pastures
B)the political uprisings that took place in many African nations after they were released from colonial rule
C)the zone of ecological transition between the Sahara to the north and the wetter savannas and forests to the south
D)the shifting seasonal climate pattern experienced in southern Africa
E)a grass-roots environmental policy emphasizing planting trees

Question 13

What is the international policy regarding the sale of ivory?

A)A worldwide ban on ivory sales was imposed in 1989.
B)A worldwide ban on ivory sales was imposed in 1989, then in the late 1990s the ban was lifted.
C)A worldwide ban on ivory sales was imposed in 1989, then in the late 1990s the ban was lifted to allow some southern African states to sell down their inventories of ivory confiscated from poachers, and now only limited sales are permitted.
D)Sale of ivory is restricted, but not entirely eliminated.
E)No action has been taken on the sale of ivory.

Question 14

One of the possible outcomes of climate change would be increased rainfall in

A)equatorial Central Africa
B)the east coast of southern Africa
C)the deserts of southern Africa
D)the West African Coast
E)the Sahel

Question 15

In which Sub-Saharan African country is tropical deforestation the most prevalent?

A)Madagascar
B)the Democratic Republic of Congo
C)Republic of the Congo
D)Gabon
E)Djibouti

Question 16

What plant is being used to slow down deforestation in Africa?

A)cactus
B)pine trees
C)teak
D)bamboo
E)chaparral

Question 17

What parts of Sub-Saharan Africa are most vulnerable to global climate change?

A)highland regions
B)the cities
C)the temperate zones
D)the tropical rainforests
E)the arid and semi-arid regions

Question 18

What river is a critical source of water for West Africa, especially Mali and Niger?

A)the Nile
B)the Congo
C)the Niger
D)the Zambezi
E)the Orange

Question 19

Africa's largest tropical rainforest, the Ituri rainforest, is located in the watershed of what river?

A)the Nile
B)the Congo
C)the Niger
D)the Zambezi
E)the Limpopo

Question 20

The Sahel

A)is a cultural group that is struggling for political independence in Nigeria.
B)is a zone of ecological transition between the Sahara to the north and the wetter savannas and forests to the south.
C)is the African term for Sub-Saharan Africa.
D)is a species of domesticated cattle from which many Africans make their livelihood.
E)is an ethnic group in Chad.

Question 21

The population of Sub-Saharan Africa is characterized by

A)a relatively low percentage of children under the age of 15.
B)a doubling time of just over 100 years.
C)large families.
D)low infant mortality rates.
E)low rate of natural increase.

Question 22

Which country of Sub-Saharan Africa is the LEAST densely settled in the region?

A)Namibia
B)Burundi
C)Angola
D)Ethiopia
E)Nigeria

Question 23

What nontraditional agricultural product has become an important part of African export economies?

A)flowers
B)papayas
C)melons
D)peanuts
E)palm oil

Question 24

In what part of Sub-Saharan Africa are the highest rates of HIV/AIDS found?

A)the northern portion of the region
B)the southern portion of the region
C)the eastern portion of the region
D)the western portion of the region
E)the Horn of Africa

Question 25

In Sub-Saharan Africa, at about what age do most women marry?

A)when they are teenagers
B)at an average age of 22
C)at an average age of 24
D)at an average age of 27
E)at an average age of 30

Question 26

Family size is large in much of Sub-Saharan Africa for all of the following reasons, EXCEPT

A)large family size increases prestige.
B)infant and child mortality rates are low.
C)most women do not have high levels of education.
D)birth control methods are neither readily available nor universally accepted.
E)rural lifestyle.

Question 27

Why did Professor Wangari Maathai of Kenya win the Nobel Peace Prize in 2004?

A)She brought an end to Apartheid in South Africa.
B)She established the "Doctors Without Frontiers" program.
C)She negotiated a peace agreement in Darfur, Sudan.
D)Her Greenbelt Movement led to the planting of millions of trees.
E)all of the above

Question 28

South Africa has a smaller number of women in their 30s and 40s compared to men of the same age. Why?

A)war
B)emigration for work
C)high suicide rates
D)high birth rates leading to high death rates for women
E)HIV/AIDS

Question 29

What country was most impacted by the 2014-15 Ebola outbreak?

A)Guinea
B)Sierra Leone
C)Mali
D)Liberia
E)Burkina Faso

Question 30

What city is the region's only megacity?

A)Cape Town
B)Lagos
C)Nairobi
D)Luanda
E)Kinshasa

Question 31

In what part of Sub-Saharan Africa are the most secure wildlife reserves located?

A)the northern portion of the region
B)the southern portion of the region
C)the eastern portion of the region
D)the western portion of the region
E)Djibouti

Question 32

What disease is a major problem in Sub-Saharan Africa, causing death and leaving many children orphaned?

A)cholera
B)HIV/AIDS
C)cancer
D)heart disease
E)tuberculosis

Question 33

Which country in Sub-Saharan Africa has the largest population in the region?

A)Nigeria
B)South Africa
C)Angola
D)Kenya
E)Ethiopia

Question 34

Sub-Saharan Africa

A)contains more than a billion people.
B)has a young population in comparison with western countries.
C)has a relatively high GNI per capita.
D)has seen declining population numbers in recent years due to AIDS.
E)is a region of middle-income countries.

Question 35

What is Sub-Saharan Africa's most troubling demographic indicator?

A)high birth rates
B)HIV/AIDS rates
C)migration
D)low life expectancy
E)child mortality rates

Question 36

On average, about how many children does a woman in Africa have during her lifetime?

A)1 or 2
B)3
C)4
D)5 or 6
E)8 or more

Question 37

What African city has been a major trans-Saharan trade center for over a millennium?

A)Nairobi
B)Axum
C)Tombouctou
D)Dakar
E)Lagos

Question 38

What is the racial category used in the country of South Africa to define people of mixed European and African ancestry?

A)biracial
B)coloureds
C)mulatto
D)mixed-race
E)negro

Question 39

Which of the following is NOT a problem associated with deforestation in the woodlands of the savannas in Sub-Saharan Africa?

A)soil erosion
B)shortage of biofuels
C)moisture loss
D)flooding
E)extreme economic hardship

Question 40

Why is there concern about the tsetse fly in Sub-Saharan Africa?

A)The tsetse fly spreads HIV/AIDS.
B)The tsetse fly is an important part of the food chain in Sub-Saharan Africa; without it, African wildlife could not exist.
C)The tsetse fly spreads sleeping sickness to humans, cattle, and some wildlife.
D)The tsetse fly is an endangered species, found only in a small corner of Cameroon.
E)The tsetse fly exists in vast numbers, laying its eggs in the rainforests of Sub-Saharan Africa, and contributing to deforestation.

Question 41

Which of the following countries would have the lowest HIV prevalence?

A)Ethiopia
B)Botswana
C)Lesotho
D)Swaziland
E)South Africa

Question 42

The Alaba cartel in Nigeria controls

A)the arms trade.
B)the drug trade.
C)political protection rackets.
D)film distribution.
E)human trafficking.

Question 43

The armed jihadist group Boko Haram primarily operates in

A)the Congo.
B)Nigeria.
C)Mali.
D)Kenya.
E)Tanzania.

Question 44

What is the most important of the indigenous language groups of Sub-Saharan Africa?

A)Niger-Congo
B)Khoisan
C)Austronesian
D)Nilo-Saharan
E)Indo-European

Question 45

The AIDS crisis in Sub-Saharan Africa

A)could not have been anticipated in the late 1980s.
B)will lead to a significant decline in the population of the region within ten years.
C)is particularly concentrated among the working-age segment of the population.
D)has not really been addressed by the region's governments.
E)is nearing an end due to the availability of a vaccine.

Question 46

What language began as a trade language in Sub-Saharan Africa and is now the most widely used language in the region?

A)French
B)Arabic
C)Swahili
D)Spanish
E)Portuguese

Question 47

What is the term for a social unit in Sub-Saharan Africa that is typically smaller than a tribe or ethnic group, but larger than a family, based on descent from a common ancestor?

A)clan
B)royal family
C)cultural group
D)linguistic group
E)extended family

Question 48

What influence does religious affiliation have on birthrates in Sub-Saharan Africa?

A)Religious affiliation plays a key role in fertility rates in the region, with Catholics and Muslims having the highest rates.
B)Religious affiliation has little effect on fertility rates in the region.
C)Religious affiliation plays a key role in fertility rates in the region, with Catholics having slightly higher rates than Muslims, and Animists having the lowest rates.
D)Religious affiliation plays a key role in fertility rates in the region, with Animists having the highest fertility rates in the region.
E)Religious affiliation plays a key role in fertility rates in the region, with Muslims having the highest fertility rates in the region.

Question 49

In what category are indigenous African religions generally placed?

A)Animist
B)Buddhist
C)Christian
D)Islamic
E)Protestant

Question 50

Angola and Mozambique were former European colonies-what is their official language?

A)English
B)French
C)Arabic
D)Spanish
E)Portuguese

Question 51

Which of the following is NOT a staple crop in most of Sub-Saharan Africa?

A)rice
B)corn
C)millet
D)sorghum
E)yams

Question 52

The first European colonists came from

A)Great Britain.
B)France.
C)Spain.
D)Italy.
E)Portugal.

Question 53

From the 1500s until 1870, about how many Africans were transported to the Americas as slaves?

A)500,000
B)1 million
C)5 million
D)7 million
E)12 million

Question 54

What role did disease play in European efforts to colonize Africa?

A)As in Latin America, European diseases devastated the populations of Sub-Saharan Africa, facilitating European conquest.
B)Endemic tropical diseases in Sub-Saharan Africa killed many Europeans, and delayed their conquest of the region.
C)Initially, endemic tropical diseases in Sub-Saharan Africa killed many Europeans, but later, European diseases devastated the peoples of Sub-Saharan Africa.
D)Initially, European diseases devastated the peoples of Sub-Saharan Africa; later endemic tropical diseases in Sub-Saharan Africa killed many Europeans, but by then, European conquest was well underway.
E)Disease played no role.

Question 55

When did most countries of Sub-Saharan Africa gain independence?

A)during the first decade of the twentieth century
B)in the years immediately following World War I
C)in 1946 and 1947
D)from the mid-1950s through the mid-1960s
E)in the 1990s

Question 56

What form of Christianity is most common in Ethiopia?

A)Roman Catholicism
B)Orthodox Christianity
C)New Age Christians
D)Coptic Christianity
E)Protestantism

Question 57

Of the following languages, which is the least used in Sub-Saharan Africa?

A)English
B)Spanish
C)French
D)Dutch
E)Arabic

Question 58

Soweto and Gugulethu in South Africa are examples of

A)postapartheid housing projects.
B)townships.
C)large metropolitan areas.
D)global central business districts.
E)upper income gated communities.

Question 59

The Austronesian language family is only found in what country?

A)Mozambique
B)Comoros Islands
C)Madagascar
D)Kenya
E)Tanzania

Question 60

Approximately what fraction of Nigerian citizens live in cities?

A)one-third
B)one-half
C)one-quarter
D)two-thirds
E)three-quarters

Question 61

European colonization was effective throughout Sub-Saharan Africa, with the exception of one country. What was that exception?

A)Algeria
B)Ethiopia
C)Nigeria
D)Sudan
E)Uganda

Question 62

Which of the following countries did NOT receive African territory in the Berlin Conference?

A)France
B)Germany
C)Great Britain
D)Portugal
E)United States

Question 63

Throughout the decade of the 2000s, China's trade with Sub-Saharan Africa grew on average ________% per year.

A)4
B)8
C)15
D)20
E)30

Question 64

What is the term for a person who has fled from a conflict, but who still resides in his or her country of origin?

A)a refugee
B)a dissident
C)an excommunicated resident
D)an internally displaced person
E)an emigrant

Question 65

What is Sub-Saharan Africa's main trading partner?

A)the European Union
B)the United States
C)Asia
D)North Africa
E)Russia

Question 66

Life expectancy in Sub-Saharan Africa is ________ years

A)40
B)48
C)55
D)60
E)65

Question 67

Economic aid is extremely important for many African states, and foreign direct investment in the region substantially increased from only $4.5 billion in 1995 to $________ billion in 2010.

A)100
B)50
C)25
D)18
E)15

Question 68

Which country is the unchallenged economic powerhouse in Sub-Saharan Africa?

A)Sudan
B)Zimbabwe
C)Ghana
D)Nigeria
E)South Africa

Question 69

What territory successfully seceded from Ethiopia in 1993 and became a new country after twenty years of civil war?

A)Biafra
B)Shaba province
C)Eritrea
D)Zululand
E)South Africa

Question 70

According to the graphic below, in which of the following countries does foreign aid make up the smallest percentage of their GNI?

A)Ghana
B)Liberia
C)Malawi
D)Mali
E)Burundi

Question 71

What country has begun offering African nations money for roads, railways, and schools with relatively few strings attached in order to secure oil from African countries to fuel its development?

A)United States
B)China
C)Germany
D)Japan
E)Great Britain

Question 72

What is a kleptocracy?

A)an African democracy that is led by representatives from all its native tribes
B)a state where corruption is so institutionalized that large percentages of the country's wealth is siphoned off by politicians and government bureaucrats
C)an African nation that has recently achieved independence from its colonial masters
D)an African nation that is communist ruled
E)a state that allies itself with OPEC

Question 73

Which of the following statements regarding decolonization in Sub-Saharan Africa is most accurate?

A)Decolonization of the region happened slowly but violently beginning in 1917.
B)Decolonization of the region happened quite gradually and peacefully beginning in 1947.
C)Decolonization of the region happened rather quickly and peacefully beginning in 1957.
D)Decolonization of the region happened abruptly and violently beginning in 1977.
E)Decolonization of the region began in 1980.

Question 74

What Sub-Saharan African territory declared its independence in the 1990s, but has yet to be recognized as independent by any other nations?

A)Soweto
B)Somaliland
C)Swaziland
D)Rwanda
E)Burundi

Question 75

By the early 1990s, Sub-Saharan Africa's foreign debt was around

A)$30 billion.
B)$70 billion.
C)$100 billion.
D)$200 billion.
E)$400 billion.

Question 76

Which European country had lost all of its African colonies by the end of WWI?

A)Portugal
B)Belgium
C)Germany
D)France
E)all of the above

Question 77

Of the following countries of Sub-Saharan Africa, which one saw the least political strife in the 1990s?

A)Kenya
B)Rwanda
C)Zaire/Democratic Republic of Congo
D)Liberia
E)Sudan

Question 78

According to the World Bank, what percentage of Sub-Saharan Africans lived on less than $2 a day?

A)88
B)69
C)58
D)49
E)40

Question 79

Which of the following was NOT one of the elements or characteristics of apartheid?

A)It was an official policy of racial segregation.
B)It was practiced in the country of South Africa.
C)Whites, coloureds (mixed-race), Indians (South Asian), and Africans (blacks)were all categories for the purpose of segregation.
D)Blacks were crowded into the least desirable areas, forming squatter settlements called townships.
E)Non-whites (blacks, coloureds, and Indians)were enslaved.

Question 80

According to the World Bank, there are about how many cell phones per 100 Africans?

A)15
B)20
C)30
D)38
E)45