Deck 16: Global Changes and the Role of Anthropology

Question 1

Power refers to the ability of groups to impose their will upon others.​

Answer 1

True

Question 2

The global leaders in military spending in descending order are the United States, Japan, Britain, and France.​

Answer 2

False

Question 3

When foreign-born individuals migrate to another country, it is known as external migration.​

Answer 3

True

Question 4

More than 1.1 billion people worldwide are overweight.​

Question 5

Globalization has expanded and intensified structural violence.​

Question 6

Globally, although there is structural violence, equality is increasing rapidly.​

Question 7

A devolution movement is evident in numerous nationalist movements today.​

Question 8

Megacorporations are controlled by outside market forces exclusively.​

Question 9

Modernization is a biased Western development concept.​

Question 10

Pluralistic societies tend to be more stable over time.​

Question 11

About 6 billion people in the world are undernourished.​

Question 12

Our planet today is constantly under satellite surveillance.​

Question 13

Hard power is coercive.​

Question 14

Multiculturalism is more common than cultural pluralism.​

Question 15

The invention of the steam engine launched the Industrial Revolution.​

Question 16

All pluralistic societies have adopted a public policy of multiculturalism.

Question 17

Traditional societies tend to be disrupted under modernization.​

Question 18

Accommodation is a more radical term for "acculturation."​

Question 19

The efficiency of the atmosphere in retaining heat is increasing.​

Question 20

Israel, Britain, and India are all considered to be nuclear states.​

Question 21

Under modernization, urbanization is particularly marked by:​

A)​the movement of population from rural to urban areas
B)​the development of densely populated internal migrations within cities
C)​the migration of transnationals from one to another urban area
D)​the concentration of production within urban areas

Question 22

Which of the following statements is not correct?​

A)​The invention of electrical generators and the incandescent light bulb occurred in the mid-1800s.
B)​Major innovations in telecommunications occurred in the 20th century.
C)​The introduction of gasoline-fueled internal combustion engines occurred in the 1840s.
D)​The discovery of nuclear fission occurred in the late 1930s.

Question 23

Although nuclear energy has benefitted many, it also represents a global threat. Approximately how many stockpiled nuclear warheads exist worldwide?​

A)​10,500
B)​5,000
C)​7,500
D)​500

Question 24

The adaptation process by which a people resists assimilation by modifying its traditional cultural in response to pressures by a dominant society to preserve its distinctive ethnic identity is known as:​

A)​acculturation
B)​cultural evolution
C)​accommodation
D)​ethnocide

Question 25

The Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples is largely a symbolic document.​

Question 26

The homogenization of the world's different cultures is sometimes referred to as:​

A)​Google Earth
B)​McDonaldization
C)​accommodation
D)​WalMart-ization

Question 27

Which of the following is not a subprocess of modernization?​

A)​industrialization
B)​agricultural development
C)​urbanization
D)​politicization

Question 28

There are developed pockets of resistance in the global order.​

Question 29

The current world population, half of which lives in urban areas today, is estimated at:​

A)​1 billion
B)​7 billion
C)​11 billion
D)​23 billion

Question 30

Anthropologists are as interested in the future as they have been in the past.​

Question 31

Modernization is associated with each of the following except:​

A)​a Western-based culture-bound concept
B)​a major influence worldwide
C)​associated with technological development
D)​linked to maintaining cultural diversity

Question 32

How many countries are members of the European Union?​

A)​9
B)​31
C)​14
D)​28

Question 33

Which of the following is a public policy for managing a society's multiple ethnicities in a manner of respect and tolerance?​

A)​ethnoculturalism
B)​diversity
C)​pluralism
D)​multiculturalism

Question 34

The "Blue Marble" was the name for:​

A)​the first photograph of our planet from space
B)​the first circumnavigation of the globe
C)​the earliest version of Google Earth
D)​an urbanization program associated with modernization

Question 35

Paul Farmer works with issues of structural violence in Haiti.​

Question 36

Toxic breast milk among the Inuit has not been found to be a result of structural violence.​

Question 37

Telecommunication, technological development, and industrialization are some of the processes associated with:​

A)​urbanization
B)​modernization
C)​globalization
D)​nationalization

Question 38

Scientific knowledge and techniques mainly borrowed from the industrialized West are primarily associated with the modernization subprocess of:​

A)​telecommunication
B)​technological development
C)​urbanization
D)​agricultural development

Question 39

The first circumnavigation of the globe was achieved by which explorer?​

A)​Marco Polo
B)​Christopher Columbus
C)​Ferdinand Magellan
D)​Francisco Pizarro

Question 40

Two or more neighboring ethnic groups maintaining a loose political union while retaining their own cultural identities is referred to as a:​

A)​pluralistic society
B)​ethnocentric society
C)​international society
D)​multicultural society

Question 41

In almost all parts of the world, nation building:

A)​results in the destruction of multiethnic societies
B)​results in the preservation of multiethnic societies
C)​results in the increased development of ethnic societies
D)​has no effect on multiethnic societies

Question 42

All of the following conditions tend toward the development of separatist movements except:​

A)​extensive territory within state borders
B)​lack of adequate transportation networks within the state
C)​lack of transnational communities within the state
D)​lack of unifying forces within state borders

Question 43

Power that organizes and orchestrates the systemic interaction within and among societies is an example of:​

A)​structural power
B)​hard power
C)​soft power
D)​sanctions

Question 44

Which of the following statements about mass migration is correct?​

A)​About 20 percent of the people living in France today are foreign-born immigrants.
B)​Most immigrants to the United States come from Asia and Africa.
C)​About 11 percent of the world's population today lives outside their countries of birth.
D)​Immigration from the Caribbean to the United States is rapidly increasing.

Question 45

In sub-Saharan Africa, 72 percent of the urban population:​

A)​is made up of refugees
B)​lives in slums
C)​works for a multinational corporation
D)​serves in the armed forces of their country

Question 46

What is a diasporic community?​

A)​a group of people who come from the same part of the world, but now live in another place
B)​a group of people who share the same culture and traditions based on their status and class
C)​a community that forms because of urbanization and transnationalism
D)​a community that suffers the effects of xenophobia worldwide because of their low status

Question 47

Throughout time, all large states have a tendency to:​

A)​break up
B)​modernize
C)​become more stable
D)​experience a rise in prosperity

Question 48

Which of the following would be considered a macro level of world power?​

A)​hard power
B)​soft power
C)​structural power
D)​economic power

Question 49

The fear or hatred of strangers or anything foreign is called:​

A)​culturophobia
B)​xenophobia
C)​plasticophobia
D)​sociopathology

Question 50

Worldwide, integrative forces traditionally include all of the following except:​

A)​Doctors Without Borders
B)​Olympics
C)​World Health Organization
D)​U.S.Army

Question 51

Which of the following has the largest slum dwelling in the world currently?​

A)​Mumbai, India
B)​Mexico City, Mexico
C)​Lagos, Nigeria
D)​Cairo, Egypt

Question 52

Since about 5,000 years ago:​

A)​ethnic groups have organized themselves into independent states
B)​world exploration has occurred by land and space
C)​domestication of plants and animals has opened world trade networks
D)​ethnic groups have developed into functioning societies

Question 53

Which of the following is the opposite of multiculturalism (a multicultural public policy)?​

A)​ethnocide
B)​assimilation
C)​enculturation
D)​ethnocentrism

Question 54

The news media are examples of:

A)​global order
B)​soft power
C)​hard power
D)​structural power

Question 55

In India, McDonald's makes its Big Mac with:​

A)​beef
B)​lamb
C)​pork
D)​fish

Question 56

Globalization involves all of the following except:​

A)​restructured social field of force
B)​controlled profit growth
C)​development of new commercial markets
D)​struggle for scarce natural resources

Question 57

Approximately how many millions of people are in flux today as refugees?​

A)​2
B)​27
C)​11
D)​15

Question 58

Structural power:​

A)​has decreasing significance in the new global order
B)​diverts attention from the relationship between the new global order and political institutions
C)​fails to capture the complex new cultural formation in the world
D)​applies to regional political organizations

Question 59

Which of the following industries generates about $3.5 billion in receipts daily and is considered a global industry?​

A)​tourism
B)​oil extraction
C)​rice production
D)​stock market

Question 60

Individuals who earn their living in one country while maintaining citizenship in another country are referred to as:​

A)​internal migrants
B)​external migrants
C)​transnationals
D)​economic refugees

Question 61

Physical and psychological harm caused by economic systems is:​

A)​sanctionary violence
B)​cultural violence
C)​structural violence
D)​structural coercion

Question 62

On the Gini Index, what number represents perfect equality?​

A)​100
B)​50
C)​0
D)​33

Question 63

All of the following countries are showing the highest rates of obesity per capita currently except:​

A)​Fiji
B)​Samoa
C)​India
D)​Tonga

Question 64

Which of the following is home to more global corporations than any other country?​

A)​China
B)​India
C)​United States
D)​Switzerland

Question 65

The top producer of carbon dioxide emissions worldwide is currently:

A)​France
B)​China
C)​United States
D)​Germany

Question 66

The global media environment today:​

A)​is primarily digital-electronic
B)​is decreasingly important
C)​is dominated by developing countries
D)​wields hard power only

Question 67

The Gini Index directly measures:​

A)​income inequality
B)​gross domestic product
C)​economic hard power
D)​military hard power

Question 68

What threats do megacorporations pose to national governments?​

A)Megacorporations have their own governments and do not work in national countries.
B)​It is challenging for governments to find the sufficient workers for the corporations.
C)​Global corporations prefer to make all foreign policy decisions without laws.
D)​It is difficult for governments to get information from them for informed policy decisions.

Question 69

All of the following regarding hunger and poverty in Africa, Asia, and Latin America are true except:​

A)​Families are uprooted from their traditional food sources.
B)​Small-scale farmers have been relocated away from productive lands.
C)​Cash crop production has increasingly been converted to subsistence farming.
D)​Famine is often fueled by global food production.

Question 70

What is the current number of people worldwide who are considered to be overweight?​

A)​347 million
B)​1.1 billion
C)​1.9 billion
D)​2.3 billion

Question 71

Each of the following corporations is a megacorporation except:​

A)​Shell
B)​Toyota
C)​General Electric
D)​Harley Davidson

Question 72

The collapse of local markets due to subsidized foreign imports is an example of:​

A)​hard power
B)​structural violence
C)​structural coercion
D)​external coercion

Question 73

Power that coerces through economic or military force is known as:​

A)​soft power
B)​rigid power
C)​hard power
D)​global power

Question 74

According to the Gini Index:​

A)​40 percent of the people in the world live on less than $2 a day
B)​50 percent of the people in the world are malnourished
C)​43 percent of the people in the world do not have access to healthcare
D)​16 percent of the people in the world currently are refugees due to poverty or politics

Question 75

What is a "global mediascape"?​

A)​global flow of information
B)​dominance of structural power through the media
C)​dominance of one country over another in global media
D)​existence of a "third way," which is the media empire

Question 76

Which country spends the most overall on military hardware?​

A)​Saudi Arabia
B)​Europe
C)​Iran
D)​United States

Question 77

Which of the following is currently the largest megacorporation?​

A)​McDonald's
B)​General Electric
C)​Wal-Mart
D)​Hyundai

Question 78

Approximately how many children die yearly due to hunger?​

A)​5 million
B)​1 billion
C)​2 million
D)​6 million

Question 79

Which of the following countries does not have nuclear-weapon capability?​

A)​United States
B)​India
C)​China
D)​Spain

Question 80

The total value of all goods and services produced within a country per year is its:​

A)​gross domestic product
B)​net national product
C)​GINI indicator
D)​export and international trade value