Deck 20: Urinary System

Question 1

Urine is moved down the ureters by means of gravity.

Answer 1

False
Urine is moved through the ureters by the contraction of muscles in their lining.

Question 2

Loss of voluntary control over urination is called _____.

A)neurogenic bladder
B)dialysis
C)incontinence
D)urgency

Answer 2

C

Question 3

Which organ performs the major role in excreting wastes from the body?

A)lungs
B)colon
C)skin
D)kidneys

Answer 3

D

Question 4

What causes filtrate to flow from the blood into the glomerulus?

A)increase in blood pressure in the capillaries
B)hormonal secretions
C)stimulation from the nerves
D)level of salt in the blood

Question 5

The process adding certain substances to the urine so they can be excreted from the body is called _____.

A)collection
B)reabsorption
C)secretion
D)urination

Question 6

Hormones play an important role in regulating the function of the urinary system.

Question 7

Urinary incontinence is frequently observed in the elderly.

Question 8

It is normal for freshly voided urine to contain a significant amount of bacteria.

Question 9

Neurogenic bladder is a condition related to aging.

Question 10

Caffeine increases the loss of sodium ions, thus increasing the loss of water.

Question 11

The upper end of each ureter flares into a funnel-shaped structure known as the _____.

A)renal pelvis
B)renal pyramid
C)renal papilla
D)renal column

Question 12

Peritoneal dialysis is controlled mainly by patients.

Question 13

Excretion is the process of moving nitrogenous waste material, excess salts, and excess water from the body.

Question 14

How much of the fluid that comprises filtrate is reabsorbed into the bloodstream?

A)15 percent
B)80 percent
C)90 percent
D)99 percent

Question 15

The kidneys share one ureter.

Question 16

Salt retention in the body's tissues reduces the production of urine by _____.

A)increasing the level of potassium
B)increasing the secretion of ADH
C)reducing the production of aldosterone
D)decreasing the permeability of the membrane in the collecting ducts

Question 17

The Bowman's capsule contains the _____.

A)loop of Henle
B)collecting tubules
C)glomerulus
D)afferent arteriole

Question 18

Each kidney has more functional capacity than is ordinarily needed.

Question 19

Which process is the first step in the formation of urine in the nephrons?

A)absorption
B)filtration
C)reabsorption
D)secretion

Question 20

The term used to describe getting up during the night to urinate is _____.

A)nocturia
B)polyuria
C)pyuria
D)oliguria

Question 21

The laboratory examination of urine is called ____________________.

Question 22

Individuals whose kidneys have failed are treated with a process called _____.

A)urinalysis
B)dialysis
C)percutaneous nephrolithotomy

Question 23

Match each condition with its definition.
a.oliguria
f.polyuria
b.anuria
g.cystitis
c.renal calculi
h.dysuria
d.hydronephrosis
i.chronic renal failure
e.pyelonephritis
j.uremia
painful urination

Question 24

____________________ involves the passage of blood through a device with a semipermeable membrane to rid the blood of harmful wastes, extra salt, and water.

Question 25

Which condition is the most common cause of failure of kidney transplants?

A)rejection of the kidney by the recipient
B)infection
C)negative side effects of medications

Question 26

The dosage levels of drugs prescribed for older adults must be adjusted to compensate for _____.

A)decreased number of nephrons
B)loss of muscle tone in the urinary bladder
C)decline in filtration rate in the glomerulus
D)increased incidence of incontinence

Question 27

The ____________________ is the basic structural and functional unit of the kidney.

Question 28

Match each condition with its definition.
a.oliguria
f.polyuria
b.anuria
g.cystitis
c.renal calculi
h.dysuria
d.hydronephrosis
i.chronic renal failure
e.pyelonephritis
j.uremia
diminished production of urine

Question 29

A(n) ____________________ is an opening between an artery and vein that provides an insertion site to enable dialysis treatments.

Question 30

The sudden loss of function of the nephrons causes ______________________________.

Question 31

The ______________________________ is the outside opening through which urine leaves the body.

Question 32

The second step in urine formation is ____________________.

Question 33

____________________ increase urinary output by inhibiting the reabsorption of water.

Question 34

Match each condition with its definition.
a.oliguria
f.polyuria
b.anuria
g.cystitis
c.renal calculi
h.dysuria
d.hydronephrosis
i.chronic renal failure
e.pyelonephritis
j.uremia
stones formed in the kidney

Question 35

The ______________________________ stores urine until about 1 pint is accumulated.

Question 36

Which is the correct sequence of the urine's pathway as it is formed and exited from the body?

A)kidney, urethra, urinary bladder, ureter
B)urinary bladder, ureter, kidney, urethra
C)urinary bladder, kidney, ureter, urethra
D)kidney, ureter, urinary bladder, urethra

Question 37

Which range indicates normal urinary output for a 24-hour period?

A)1,000 to 1,500 ml
B)1,000 to 2,000 ml
C)1,500 to 2,000 ml
D)1,500 to 2,500 ml

Question 38

The term used to describe the limit of reabsorption of a specific substance is the ____________________.

Question 39

Match each condition with its definition.
a.oliguria
f.polyuria
b.anuria
g.cystitis
c.renal calculi
h.dysuria
d.hydronephrosis
i.chronic renal failure
e.pyelonephritis
j.uremia
frequent need to urinate

Question 40

Match each condition with its definition.
a.oliguria
f.polyuria
b.anuria
g.cystitis
c.renal calculi
h.dysuria
d.hydronephrosis
i.chronic renal failure
e.pyelonephritis
j.uremia
accumulation of fluid in the kidney

Question 41

Match each condition with its definition.
a.oliguria
f.polyuria
b.anuria
g.cystitis
c.renal calculi
h.dysuria
d.hydronephrosis
i.chronic renal failure
e.pyelonephritis
j.uremia
retention of urinary waste products in the blood

Question 42

Match each condition with its definition.
a.oliguria
f.polyuria
b.anuria
g.cystitis
c.renal calculi
h.dysuria
d.hydronephrosis
i.chronic renal failure
e.pyelonephritis
j.uremia
lack of urine formation

Question 43

Match each condition with its definition.
a.oliguria
f.polyuria
b.anuria
g.cystitis
c.renal calculi
h.dysuria
d.hydronephrosis
i.chronic renal failure
e.pyelonephritis
j.uremia
inflammation of kidney tissue and renal pelvis

Question 44

Match each condition with its definition.
a.oliguria
f.polyuria
b.anuria
g.cystitis
c.renal calculi
h.dysuria
d.hydronephrosis
i.chronic renal failure
e.pyelonephritis
j.uremia
gradual loss of nephron function

Question 45

Match each condition with its definition.
a.oliguria
f.polyuria
b.anuria
g.cystitis
c.renal calculi
h.dysuria
d.hydronephrosis
i.chronic renal failure
e.pyelonephritis
j.uremia
inflammation of the lining of the urinary bladder