Deck 40: Vascular Imaging Equipment

Question 1

Of the choices below, the preferred method for angiographic image acquisition is

A)roll film changer because of speed.
B)cut film changer because of film-screen contact.
C)cineangiographic camera because of high frame rates and low dose.
D)digital imaging technology because of post-processing functionality.

Answer 1

digital imaging technology because of post-processing functionality.

Question 2

Digital image receptors used in angiography

A)require a CCD for image capture.
B)are composed of selenium detector material.
C)acquire the images digitally in the detector material.
D)permit post-processing of images, unlike analog image intensifier detectors.

Answer 2

acquire the images digitally in the detector material.

Question 3

Vascular imaging using angiography requires

A)single-phase input and three-phase output.
B)generators with 1 ms interrogation and forced extinction times.
C)C-arm rotational capability during image acquisition.
D)500 kHU x-ray tubes at a minimum.

Answer 3

generators with 1 ms interrogation and forced extinction times.

Question 4

Which type of generator is typically chosen for use during cardiovascular and interventional angiographic procedures?

A)single-phase
B)three-phase, 6-pulse
C)three-phase, 12-pulse
D)high frequency

Question 5

Quality control programs in the vascular imaging laboratory require

A)a close relationship with the equipment vendor.
B)periodic monitoring of viewing systems such as video monitors.
C)in-house biomedical engineers working at a "first-line " level supported by the vendor.
D)all of the above

Question 6

The amount of heat an anode can tolerate during a fluoroscopic exposure is known as ____ loading ability.

A)short-term
B)continuous-heat
C)pulsed fluoro
D)intermittent fluoro

Question 7

The contrast medium warming device on the pressure injector is intended to

A)bring the contrast medium to room temperature.
B)maintain the temperature of the contrast medium.
C)bring the contrast medium to body temperature.
D)increase contrast viscosity through warming.

Question 8

The heat-loading capacity of an x-ray tube depends on

A)focal spot size.
B)anode angle.
C)generator configuration.
D)all of the above

Question 9

In order to perform digital subtraction angiography,

A)a mask image is acquired after injection.
B)bony anatomy is eliminated from the final image.
C)patient motion is not a concern, as this is a post-processing function.
D)the injection image is acquired before the scout image is taken and then subtracted from the other.

Question 10

The amount of heat load an anode can tolerate for a sequence of exposures is known as

A)short-term loading ability.
B)continuous heat-loading ability.
C)tube-rate loading ability.
D)dose-dependent loading.

Question 11

X-ray tubes used in vascular interventional procedures

A)require mega heat unit tubes.
B)have graphite-backed anodes for heat tolerance.
C)have a larger anode disk diameter and thickness.
D)all of the above

Question 12

Select the TRUE statement from the choices below.

A)Extinction time is the time required to prepare the x-ray tube for exposure.
B)Window level adjusts the contrast and window width adjusts the density of an image.
C)The flow rate is the rate at which the contrast medium is filtered by the kidneys.
D)The typical design of the vascular imaging system uses a C-arm configuration.

Question 13

What type of image acquisition is used when eliminating bone and soft tissue structures from an image so that only contrast-filled vessels remain?

A)digital angiography
B)digital subtraction angiography
C)digital cineradiography
D)image reversal angiography

Question 14

The desirable features of a modern angiographic patient table include:
1)fixed vertical height with integrated physician stool
2)carbon-fiber composite top
3)side rails for the attachment of accessory items
4)free-floating tabletop motion
5)variable vertical height of table top
6)leaded composite material to increase photoelectric interactions
7)interchangeable table plates

A)2, 3, 4, 5, and 7
B)1, 2, 3, 6, and 7
C)2, 4, 5, and 7
D)2, 4, 5, 6, and 7

Question 15

Vascular imaging generators should have the capacity to deliver ____ mA.

A)50
B)100
C)300
D)1,000

Question 16

What is required for an analog image intensifier to produce a digital image?

A)CCD
B)PACs
C)DICOM
D)LAN

Question 17

The pressure of a contrast medium injector is measured in

A)pounds per square inch.
B)pounds per cubic centimeter.
C)force per density.
D)viscosity per square inch.

Question 18

Which of the following will permit a greater volume of contrast injection per unit of time?

A)lower psi injection rates
B)longer catheter lengths
C)catheter side-holes
D)higher viscosity of contrast media

Question 19

Most angiographic studies are produced at what kVp range?

A)30 to 40
B)40 to 50
C)50 to 100
D)75 to 110

Question 20

What type of image acquisition is used mainly for cardiac catheterization?

A)digital angiography
B)digital subtraction angiography
C)digital cineradiography
D)cineangiographic imaging

Question 21

How many heat units are generated by a series of 15 exposures using 75 kVp, 400 mA, 150 ms sec.using a HF generator?

Question 22

When programming a contrast medium injector, what is the total volume injected if a 4 cc/sec.flow rate is used during a 5 sec.injection?

Question 23

How many heat units are generated by a series of 10 exposures using 75 kVp, 300 mA, 0.15 sec.on a high frequency unit?

Question 24

How many heat units are generated by a series of 15 exposures using 70 kVp, 300 mA, 0.20 sec.on a three-phase, 6-pulse unit?

Question 25

How many heat units are generated by a series of 30 exposures using 70 kVp, 200 mA, 250 ms.on a single-phase unit?