Deck 17: The Pathology Problem

Question 1

Which of the following pathologies is not considered an additive condition?

A)atelectasis
B)pneumonia
C)emphysema
D)empyema

Answer 1

emphysema

Question 2

A pathology that is difficult to penetrate is called a/an ____ condition.

A)additive
B)radiolucent
C)constructive
D)destructive

Answer 2

additive

Question 3

If a disease causes the affected body tissue to ____, there will be greater attenuation of the x-ray beam.

A)decrease in density
B)increase in density
C)atrophy
D)increase in contrast

Answer 3

increase in density

Question 4

Which of the following pathologies is not considered an additive condition?

A)congestive heart failure
B)pneumothorax
C)pleural effusions
D)hemothorax

Question 5

Which pathologic condition involves a collapse of part or the entire lung?

A)atelectasis
B)pleural effusions
C)hemothorax
D)hydrothorax

Question 6

Which of the following pathologies is not considered an additive condition?

A)osteoporosis
B)calcified stones
C)miliary tuberculosis
D)cardiomegaly

Question 7

Which of the following pathologies is not considered an additive condition?

A)abscess
B)edema
C)ascites
D)atrophy

Question 8

An increase of _______ will compensate for most additive pathological conditions.

A)5% in mAs
B)5-15% in kVp
C)50% in kVp
D)SID

Question 9

A pathology that is easier to penetrate is called a/an ____ condition.

A)additive
B)radiopaque
C)constructive
D)destructive

Question 10

Which pathologic condition involves the accumulation of fluid in the peritoneal cavity?

A)edema
B)diabetes insipidus
C)cirrhosis
D)ascites

Question 11

After taking a radiograph using 300 mA, 0.043 sec., 80 kVp, you notice the image is underexposed and diagnostically of little value.In order to get a noticeable improvement in image quality, your next exposure should be taken at

A)150 mA, 0.043sec., 92 kVp.
B)400 mA, 0.05 sec., 80 kVp.
C)300 mA, 0.043 sec., 68 kVp.
D)500 mA, 26 ms, 82 kVp.

Question 12

The greatest single variable a radiographer faces with producing optimum image quality is

A)exposure technique calculation.
B)focal spot size selection.
C)the patient's condition.
D)the type of x-ray generator.

Question 13

Which pathologic condition involves fibrotic changes in the liver parenchyma and is an additive condition?

A)cirrhosis
B)cholelithiasis
C)sclerosis
D)ascites

Question 14

Which pathologic condition involves the filling of the interstitial lung tissues and is commonly associated with congestive heart failure?

A)cardiomegaly
B)pulmonary embolus
C)pulmonary edema
D)bronchiectasis

Question 15

Which pathologic condition involves the bacterial inflammation of lung tissue?

A)pulmonary edema
B)pneumonia
C)pneumoconiosis
D)pneumonectomy

Question 16

Which one of the following pathologies would require an increase in kVp?

A)bowel obstruction
B)pneumothorax
C)emphysema
D)bacterial pneumonia

Question 17

Which pathologic condition involves a tumor arising in the bone and cartilage, adding to subject density?

A)osteomyelitis
B)osteoarthritis
C)sarcoma
D)osteochondroma

Question 18

When healthy lung tissue becomes fibrotic such as in the condition of pneumoconiosis,

A)tissue density increases.
B)an increase in exposure technique may be necessary.
C)an additive condition is present.
D)all of the above

Question 19

As radiation passes through the patient, it undergoes

A)attenuation.
B)absorption.
C)scatter and secondary interactions.
D)all of the above

Question 20

A patient with a small bronchopneumonia has developed a large pneumothorax.The correct selection of exposure factors would require

A)a decrease in exposure technique.
B)an increase in exposure technique.
C)an increase in kVp to penetrate the pneumothorax.
D)no change in exposure technique.

Question 21

Match the following choices with the appropriate question.
25-50% technique reduction could be necessary

A)additive conditions
B)Paget's disease
C)gout
D)hyperparathyroidism
E)empyema
F)destructive conditions
G)atrophy
H)pneumonia

Question 22

A small 5 mm renal calculi in a patient's KUB image would represent

A)an additive condition and an increase in mAs of 25%.
B)no change in exposure technique.
C)a destructive condition due the associated ascites.
D)a destructive condition and a decrease in kVp.

Question 23

An increased venous congestion in the lungs is associated with _________ and is a/an __________ condition, requiring ________ exposure technique.

A)cardiac myopathy; destructive; more
B)congestive heart failure; additive; more
C)pulmonary edema; destructive; less
D)atelectasis; additive; more

Question 24

Match the following choices with the appropriate question.
osteitis deformans

A)additive conditions
B)Paget's disease
C)gout
D)hyperparathyroidism
E)empyema
F)destructive conditions
G)atrophy
H)pneumonia

Question 25

Most destructive conditions should require a reduction in _______ to compensate for the tissue condition.

A)SID
B)kVp
C)mAs
D)focal spot size

Question 26

Newborn babies typically swallow large amounts of air as they cry.This presents a condition of __________ and would require a/an __________ in exposure technique.

A)ascites; reduction
B)atrophy; reduction
C)ileus; increases
D)aerophagia; reduction

Question 27

As you perform a KUB radiograph on an elderly cancer patient who is cachexic and emaciated, you select AEC for the exposure.In order to achieve optimum image quality, you should

A)raise the kVp according to the 15% rule.
B)raise the mAs to shorten the exposure time.
C)allow the AEC system to adjust technique for the patient's condition.
D)decrease the SID to shorten the exposure time.

Question 28

Match the following choices with the appropriate question.
bacterial infection of pulmonary parenchyma

A)additive conditions
B)Paget's disease
C)gout
D)hyperparathyroidism
E)empyema
F)destructive conditions
G)atrophy
H)pneumonia

Question 29

As a patient is undergoing a colon examination, you notice under fluoroscopy the presence of colonic diverticuli in the descending and rectosigmoid colon.As you prepare for follow-up radiographs, you would determine your exposure technique and

A)increase the mAs for this condition.
B)decrease the mAs for this condition.
C)make no technique changes for this condition.
D)ask the radiologist if this is an additive or destructive condition and adjust technique accordingly..

Question 30

The condition of _______ presents a characteristic "ground-glass" appearance radiographically and is considered a/an ________ condition.

A)multiple myeloma; destructive
B)bronchiectasis; additive
C)ascites; additive
D)cirrhosis; destructive

Question 31

Match the following choices with the appropriate question.
require more exposure technique

A)additive conditions
B)Paget's disease
C)gout
D)hyperparathyroidism
E)empyema
F)destructive conditions
G)atrophy
H)pneumonia

Question 32

Generally speaking a ____________loss in bone substance must take place before it is detected radiographically.

A)5-10%
B)20-30%
C)50%
D)75%

Question 33

Match the following choices with the appropriate question.
pus in the thoracic cavity

A)additive conditions
B)Paget's disease
C)gout
D)hyperparathyroidism
E)empyema
F)destructive conditions
G)atrophy
H)pneumonia

Question 34

Match the following choices with the appropriate question.
generalized tissue loss due to inactivity and less cell growth

A)additive conditions
B)Paget's disease
C)gout
D)hyperparathyroidism
E)empyema
F)destructive conditions
G)atrophy
H)pneumonia