Deck 2: The Cellular and Molecular Basis of Inheritance

Question 1

Which nucleotide base is unique to RNA?

A) Adenine
B) Thymine
C) Guanine
D) Cytosine
E) Uracil

Answer 1

Uracil

Question 2

Which of the following are involved in translational regulation?

A) rRNA
B) miRNA
C) tRNA
D) mRNA
E) All of the above

Answer 2

miRNA

Question 3

Which of the following is an example of repetitive DNA?

A) Microsatellite
B) Minisatellite
C) Telomere
D) SINE
E) All of the above

Answer 3

All of the above

Question 4

Which of the following describes the orientation of the two strands of DNA?

A) Parallel
B) Antiparallel
C) Inverse
D) Homologous

Question 5

Gain of function mutations exhibit which inheritance pattern?

A) Dominant
B) Recessive
C) Dominant negative
D) Any of the above

Question 6

Disease-causing trinucleotide repeat expansions are found in which part of a gene?

A) 5' UTR
B) Coding region
C) Intron
D) 3' UTR
E) All of the above

Question 7

Mutations in genes important for which pathway are often associated with cancer?

A) DNA repair
B) Oxidative phosphorylation
C) DNA replication
D) Protein translation
E) All of the above

Question 8

Which of the following is a property of the system of triplet codons for amino acids?

A) Multiple codons can specify the same amino acid
B) The codons specified by nuclear DNA are the same as those specified by mtDNA
C) There is one stop codon
D) Each amino acid is specified by one codon
E) Each codon pairs to a unique tRNA

Question 9

Which of the following are encoded by the mitochondrial genome?

A) All mitochondrial proteins
B) Mitochondrial DNA polymerase
C) Proteins involved in oxidative phosphorylation
D) Mitochondrial transcription factors
E) Ribosomal proteins

Question 10

Which of the following mutations would not be transmitted to the next generation?

A) Somatic mutation
B) Mosaic mutation
C) Germline mutation
D) Nonsense mutation
E) Silent mutation

Question 11

In genetic expansions of a repeat encoding which amino acid are known to be pathogenic?

A) Alanine
B) Glutamine
C) Glycine
D) Proline
E) Methionine

Question 12

Which of the following are cis-acting elements involved in regulation of gene expression?

A) Transcription factors
B) Hormone nuclear receptors
C) Signal transduction proteins
D) miRNAs
E) Enhancers

Question 13

How many types of RNA are involved in translation?

A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 4

Question 14

Which of the following mutations would be least likely to be associated with loss of the encoded protein?

A) Nonsense mutation
B) Deletion
C) Splice site mutation
D) Missense mutation
E) Insertion

Question 15

Which of the following are sequences that closely resemble other genes but are not themselves functionally expressed?

A) Introns
B) Pseudogenes
C) Satellite DNA
D) Tandem repeats
E) Junk DNA

Question 16

Which of the following distinguishes lagging strand from leading strand synthesis during DNA replication?

A) 5' to 3' direction
B) Continuous synthesis
C) Okazaki fragments
D) Requirement for DNA polymerase
E) Requirement for DNA helicase