Question 1

Modern cities are uniquely defined by a high level of:&#8203;&#10;A)&#8203;socialization&#10;B)&#8203;exchange&#10;C)&#8203;interdependence&#10;D)&#8203;independence

Accepted Answer

Modern cities are characterized by a high level of interdependence, which means that various parts of the city rely on each other for goods, services, and resources. This interdependence is necessary for the efficient functioning of the city and its economy. Socialization and exchange are also important aspects, but they are not as defining as interdependence. Independence is not a characteristic of modern cities as they rely on the cooperation and interdependence of their parts.

Question 2

&#8203;The world's first cities developed in:&#10;A)&#8203;China&#10;B)&#8203;Jordan&#10;C)&#8203;Egypt&#10;D)&#8203;Mesopotamia

Accepted Answer

Mesopotamia, located in modern-day Iraq, is considered the birthplace of civilization and where the first cities such as Uruk and Ur were established around 4000 BCE. While ancient civilizations like China, Jordan, and Egypt also developed early, they were not the first to establish urban centers.

Question 3

The world's first civilization in Mesopotamia developed:&#8203;&#10;A)&#8203;between 1,000 and 2,000 years ago&#10;B)&#8203;between 4,500 and 6,000 years ago&#10;C)&#8203;between 7,500 and 10,000 years ago&#10;D)&#8203;between 10,000 and 12,500 years ago

Accepted Answer

Mesopotamia is known as the "cradle of civilization" and the first civilization in Mesopotamia emerged around 4,500 to 6,000 years ago, in the region of Sumer. This civilization had advanced systems of agriculture, writing, and trade, and laid the foundation for many cultural and technological advances that followed.

Question 4

The city of Tikal was:&#8203;&#10;A)&#8203;occupied for less than 100 years&#10;B)&#8203;also a center of domestication for rice and wheat&#10;C)&#8203;the center of an extensive regional trade route linking Africa to Asia&#10;D)&#8203;one of the largest lowland Maya cities

Accepted Answer

Tikal was one of the largest lowland Maya cities, with a peak population of around 60,000 people and a history spanning over a thousand years. It was a major center of Maya civilization and architecture, and played an important role in the ancient Maya trade network. However, Tikal was not a center of domestication for rice and wheat, nor did it have any significant connections to Africa.

Question 5

In what modern country is Tikal located?&#8203;&#10;A)&#8203;Guatemala&#10;B)&#8203;Costa Rica&#10;C)&#8203;Panama&#10;D)&#8203;Turkey

Accepted Answer

Tikal is located in Guatemala.

Question 6

What kind of data was collected from the study of nonmonumental structures at Tikal?&#8203;&#10;A)&#8203;state political interests&#10;B)&#8203;trade and exchange routes&#10;C)&#8203;site size and population&#10;D)&#8203;religious affiliation

Accepted Answer

The study of nonmonumental structures at Tikal primarily focused on understanding the site's size and population, providing insights into the everyday lives of its inhabitants, rather than focusing on the political, economic, or religious aspects directly.

Question 7

All of the following are associated with cities and states except:&#8203;&#10;A)&#8203;organized central governments&#10;B)&#8203;monumental structures&#10;C)&#8203;warfare&#10;D)&#8203;equality

Accepted Answer

While organized central governments, monumental structures, and warfare are all commonly associated with cities and states, equality is not necessarily a distinguishing characteristic. There have been many cities and states throughout history that were marked by significant social inequalities.

Question 8

The most obvious characteristic of civilization is:&#8203;&#10;A)&#8203;new technology&#10;B)&#8203;food storage&#10;C)&#8203;population&#10;D)&#8203;private property

Accepted Answer

While all the options may be characteristics of civilization, the most essential and defining aspect is the growth and concentration of population. Without a large and organized group of people, there can be no civilization. The other options may support the development and maintenance of a civilization, but they are not as fundamental as population.

Question 9

How did the Maya maximize land available for subsistence?&#8203;&#10;A)&#8203;They practiced hydroponic farming without soil.&#10;B)&#8203;They had gardens inside their homes for subsistence.&#10;C)&#8203;They used artificially raised fields in flooded areas.&#10;D)&#8203;They created land by diverting rivers into areas away from Tikal.

Accepted Answer

The Maya used artificially raised fields in flooded areas, known as chinampas or "floating gardens," to maximize the land available for subsistence. These fields were constructed by layering mud and vegetation on top of rafts made of reeds or tree trunks, which were anchored to the lakebed. This allowed them to create more usable agricultural land and to grow crops in areas with limited space.

Question 10

Why did Teotihuacan include residents with foreign affiliation?&#8203;&#10;A)&#8203;to use as slaves&#10;B)&#8203;to rely on for military protection&#10;C)&#8203;to consult in spiritual matters&#10;D)&#8203;to expand the trade network

Accepted Answer

Teotihuacan was a major trade hub in Mesoamerica and included residents with foreign affiliation to expand and strengthen its trade network. These residents likely brought with them valuable goods and knowledge from their home regions, contributing to the prosperity of Teotihuacan.

Question 11

In a modern city, virtually every institution depends on:&#8203;&#10;A)&#8203;religious organizations&#10;B)&#8203;highways&#10;C)&#8203;public utilities&#10;D)&#8203;secondary schools

Accepted Answer

The answer of In a modern city, virtually every institution...

Question 12

The root word civitas of civilization means:&#8203;&#10;A)&#8203;trade and exchange&#10;B)&#8203;refinement and manners&#10;C)&#8203;top hierarchy of a city&#10;D)&#8203;urban area of dwelling

Accepted Answer

The answer of The root word civitas of civilization means:&#8203;&#10;A)&#8203;trade...

Question 13

The early city of Mohenjo-Daro, at its peak, had a population of:&#8203;&#10;A)&#8203;10,000&#10;B)&#8203;50,000&#10;C)&#8203;20,000&#10;D)&#8203;7,000

Accepted Answer

The answer of The early city of Mohenjo-Daro, at its...

Question 14

The following are elements of a civilization as defined by anthropologists except:&#8203;&#10;A)&#8203;large numbers of people living in cities&#10;B)&#8203;refinement and progress&#10;C)&#8203;social stratification&#10;D)&#8203;governing by ruling elite

Accepted Answer

The answer of The following are elements of a civilization...

Question 15

&#199;atalh&#246;y&#252;k is:&#8203;&#10;A)&#8203;an urban area in the Fertile Crescent where agriculture first developed&#10;B)&#8203;an urban center that developed from a very small farming community&#10;C)&#8203;the first urban center ever developed, and it subsisted solely on trade&#10;D)&#8203;a highly populated town that never developed characteristics of urban centers

Accepted Answer

The answer of &#199;atalh&#246;y&#252;k is:&#8203;&#10;A)&#8203;an urban area in the Fertile...

Question 16

Archaeologists estimate that, at its height, the population of Teotihuacan reached:&#8203;&#10;A)&#8203;175,000&#10;B)&#8203;250,000&#10;C)&#8203;75,000&#10;D)&#8203;100,000

Accepted Answer

The answer of Archaeologists estimate that, at its height, the...

Question 17

The early city of Teotihuacan was designed according to:&#8203;&#10;A)&#8203;a standard Spanish grid pattern&#10;B)&#8203;visions and prophecies&#10;C)&#8203;regional topography&#10;D)&#8203;the solar calendar

Accepted Answer

The answer of The early city of Teotihuacan was designed...

Question 18

This city is one of the oldest continually inhabited urban areas worldwide:&#8203;&#10;A)&#8203;Aleppo, Syria&#10;B)&#8203;Paris, France&#10;C)&#8203;Jericho, Jordan&#10;D)&#8203;Ankara, Turkey

Accepted Answer

The answer of This city is one of the oldest...

Question 19

The center and most important area of Tikal was:&#8203;&#10;A)&#8203;the Solar Plaza&#10;B)&#8203;the Temple of the Moon&#10;C)&#8203;the Street of the Dead&#10;D)&#8203;the Great Plaza

Accepted Answer

The answer of The center and most important area of...

Question 20

Following the excavations in the 1960s, archaeologists at Tikal began to focus on:&#8203;&#10;A)&#8203;dwelling sites around the larger buildings&#10;B)&#8203;the temple complex and major buildings&#10;C)&#8203;monumental architecture at the site&#10;D)&#8203;slave quarters and workers' dwellings on the outskirts

Accepted Answer

The answer of Following the excavations in the 1960s, archaeologists...

Question 21

Recent doomsday predictions regarding the end of the world were based on modern readings of:&#8203;&#10;A)&#8203;Maya ceremonial calendars&#10;B)&#8203;Lagash hieroglyphics&#10;C)&#8203;architecture and astronomy at Tikal&#10;D)&#8203;ancient written Chinese scrolls

Accepted Answer

The answer of Recent doomsday predictions regarding the end of...

Question 22

For the Aztecs and Maya, obsidian was:&#8203;&#10;A)&#8203;extracted from deep mining pits&#10;B)&#8203;easy to work with&#10;C)&#8203;readily available&#10;D)&#8203;a symbol of wealth

Accepted Answer

The answer of For the Aztecs and Maya, obsidian was:&#8203;&#10;A)&#8203;extracted...

Question 23

What was the primary purpose of Maya record keeping?&#8203;&#10;A)&#8203;to keep records and lists for tax purposes&#10;B)&#8203;to keep lists of land titles and ownership&#10;C)&#8203;to keep records on the great accomplishments of the rulers&#10;D)&#8203;to keep records for food storage and storehouses

Accepted Answer

The answer of What was the primary purpose of Maya...

Question 24

The Maya kept records of political and economic history through the use of:&#8203;&#10;A)&#8203;glyphs&#10;B)&#8203;abaci&#10;C)&#8203;syllabaries&#10;D)&#8203;pictograms

Accepted Answer

The answer of The Maya kept records of political and...

Question 25

The Code of Hammurabi includes detail and procedure regarding all of the following except:&#8203;&#10;A)&#8203;medical malpractice procedure&#10;B)&#8203;educational law&#10;C)&#8203;family rights&#10;D)&#8203;trade and commerce

Accepted Answer

The answer of The Code of Hammurabi includes detail and...

Question 26

Bronze was associated with early cities in every area except:&#8203;&#10;A)&#8203;Asia&#10;B)&#8203;Europe&#10;C)&#8203;Africa&#10;D)&#8203;Mesoamerica

Accepted Answer

The answer of Bronze was associated with early cities in...

Question 27

In 2003, in the Henan Province of China, archaeologists discovered evidence of writing in the form of:&#8203;&#10;A)&#8203;signs carved into tortoise shells&#10;B)&#8203;knotted strings&#10;C)&#8203;clay tablets&#10;D)&#8203;bark etchings

Accepted Answer

The answer of In 2003, in the Henan Province of...

Question 28

All of the following are basic changes that mark the transition from Neolithic village life to the advent of urban areas except:&#8203;&#10;A)&#8203;agricultural innovation&#10;B)&#8203;social stratification&#10;C)&#8203;uncentralized government&#10;D)&#8203;diversification of labor

Accepted Answer

The answer of All of the following are basic changes...

Question 29

The Maya developed each of the following modifications to address food production needs except:&#8203;&#10;A)&#8203;low-lying areas converted into reservoirs to hold water for irrigation of fields&#10;B)&#8203;raised fields constructed to take advantage of periodic flooding in the area&#10;C)&#8203;fruit production carried out near housing zones to make use of human wastes as fertilizer&#10;D)&#8203;underground pits dug so that farming could occur during the dry season by taking advantage of damp soils

Accepted Answer

The answer of The Maya developed each of the following...

Question 30

Which of the following represents the earliest kind of recordkeeping?&#8203;&#10;A)&#8203;bark paper&#10;B)&#8203;cloth paper&#10;C)&#8203;tokens&#10;D)&#8203;clay tablets

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following represents the earliest...

Question 31

The initial motive for the development of writing in Mesopotamia was for:&#8203;&#10;A)&#8203;writing letters&#10;B)&#8203;recordkeeping&#10;C)&#8203;religious documentation&#10;D)&#8203;storytelling

Accepted Answer

The answer of The initial motive for the development of...

Question 32

The advent of bronze metallurgy primarily created advances in:&#8203;&#10;A)&#8203;social structure and architecture&#10;B)&#8203;warfare and farming&#10;C)&#8203;religious practice&#10;D)&#8203;hunting and diversification of labor

Accepted Answer

The answer of The advent of bronze metallurgy primarily created...

Question 33

In the ancient Babylonian city of Lagash, all of the following were documented specialized laborers except:&#8203;&#10;A)&#8203;barbers&#10;B)&#8203;babysitters&#10;C)&#8203;potters&#10;D)&#8203;cabinetmakers

Accepted Answer

The answer of In the ancient Babylonian city of Lagash,...

Question 34

King Hammurabi's reign was especially accomplished in the areas of:&#8203;&#10;A)&#8203;development of legal system and religious institutions&#10;B)&#8203;organization of government and legal system&#10;C)&#8203;administration of legal system and trade organizations&#10;D)&#8203;social organization and political administration

Accepted Answer

The answer of King Hammurabi's reign was especially accomplished in...

Question 35

In Uruk, about 5,100 years ago, the reed stylus was used to make:&#8203;&#10;A)&#8203;monosyllabic markings&#10;B)&#8203;monosyllabic letters&#10;C)&#8203;polysyllabic markings&#10;D)&#8203;polysyllabic letters

Accepted Answer

The answer of In Uruk, about 5,100 years ago, the...

Question 36

Bronze is made from:&#8203;&#10;A)&#8203;copper and tin&#10;B)&#8203;iron and lead&#10;C)&#8203;lead and copper&#10;D)&#8203;tin and gold

Accepted Answer

The answer of Bronze is made from:&#8203;&#10;A)&#8203;copper and tin&#10;B)&#8203;iron and...

Question 37

Which of the following had the most advanced political system of its time?&#8203;&#10;A)&#8203;Aztec&#10;B)&#8203;Inca&#10;C)&#8203;Maya&#10;D)&#8203;Toltec

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following had the most...

Question 38

For ceremonial objects, the Aztecs and Maya used:&#8203;&#10;A)&#8203;emeralds, rubies, and gold&#10;B)&#8203;copper, silver, and gold&#10;C)&#8203;silver, gold, and lapis lazuli&#10;D)&#8203;silver, gold, and bronze

Accepted Answer

The answer of For ceremonial objects, the Aztecs and Maya...

Question 39

The Bronze Age was marked by:&#8203;&#10;A)&#8203;the earliest human migrations&#10;B)&#8203;the development of seafaring trade&#10;C)&#8203;the rapid decrease of specialized labor&#10;D)&#8203;increasingly specialized tool production

Accepted Answer

The answer of The Bronze Age was marked by:&#8203;&#10;A)&#8203;the earliest...

Question 40

Egyptian kings sent trading expeditions to Lebanon primarily for:&#8203;&#10;A)&#8203;wine and funerary oils&#10;B)&#8203;lapis lazuli&#10;C)&#8203;ivory and cattle&#10;D)&#8203;gold and copper

Accepted Answer

The answer of Egyptian kings sent trading expeditions to Lebanon...

Question 41

The hydraulic theory is an example of what kind of approach?&#8203;&#10;A)&#8203;action&#10;B)&#8203;ecological&#10;C)&#8203;political&#10;D)&#8203;symbolic

Accepted Answer

The answer of The hydraulic theory is an example of...

Question 42

The settlement and city architecture of Ani was distinct for all of the following reasons except:&#8203;&#10;A)&#8203;It was built with major monumental architecture along the borders of the urban area instead of solely in the downtown center.&#10;B)&#8203;The city is geographically located in a triangular promontory within the Caucasus Mountain range.&#10;C)&#8203;Because of the diverse range of materials used to construct the monuments, the city is extremely colorful.&#10;D)&#8203;The city is surrounded by fortifications all along the neighboring mountain ranges, leaving it ringed in fortresses.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The settlement and city architecture of Ani...

Question 43

The first emperor of which civilization was buried with 7,000 life-size terra-cotta figures?&#8203;&#10;A)&#8203;Indonesia&#10;B)&#8203;Mesopotamia&#10;C)&#8203;Japan&#10;D)&#8203;China

Accepted Answer

The answer of The first emperor of which civilization was...

Question 44

Ani was famous for what trade product?&#8203;&#10;A)&#8203;silk&#10;B)&#8203;spice&#10;C)&#8203;tea&#10;D)&#8203;incense

Accepted Answer

The answer of Ani was famous for what trade product?&#8203;&#10;A)&#8203;silk&#10;B)&#8203;spice&#10;C)&#8203;tea&#10;D)&#8203;incense...

Question 45

All of the following are common ways that archaeologists can discern the presence of social stratification except:&#8203;&#10;A)&#8203;grave goods&#10;B)&#8203;laws and documents&#10;C)&#8203;skeletal stress&#10;D)&#8203;gender

Accepted Answer

The answer of All of the following are common ways...

Question 46

In the Inca Empire, information was moved by:&#8203;&#10;A)&#8203;public records made up of a conventional writing system&#10;B)&#8203;imperial administrators whose job was to deliver messages&#10;C)&#8203;a system of professional relay runners&#10;D)&#8203;announcers on horseback

Accepted Answer

The answer of In the Inca Empire, information was moved...

Question 47

Ani represents the ultimate cultural achievement and is a national historic heritage site for:&#8203;&#10;A)&#8203;Greece&#10;B)&#8203;Turkey&#10;C)&#8203;Armenia&#10;D)&#8203;Russia

Accepted Answer

The answer of Ani represents the ultimate cultural achievement and...

Question 48

Today, archaeologists are working with the U.S. military to:&#8203;&#10;A)&#8203;show soldiers how to best excavate sites that are located in war zones&#10;B)&#8203;train soldiers to become archaeologists after deployment as part of job placement&#10;C)&#8203;smuggle artifacts out of war-torn areas so that they can preserve sites that are protected by the United Nations&#10;D)&#8203;train soldiers to protect archaeological sites against looting and value world heritage

Accepted Answer

The answer of Today, archaeologists are working with the U.S....

Question 49

The centralized effort to control the irrigation process during the Neolithic period resulted in all of the following except:&#8203;&#10;A)&#8203;beginnings of plant domestication&#10;B)&#8203;elite social class&#10;C)&#8203;development of civilization&#10;D)&#8203;emergence of first centralized government

Accepted Answer

The answer of The centralized effort to control the irrigation...

Question 50

A coding system of colored strings with knots was used by what civilization as a form of unconventional writing?&#8203;&#10;A)&#8203;Mesopotamian&#10;B)&#8203;Egyptian&#10;C)&#8203;Maya&#10;D)&#8203;Inca

Accepted Answer

The answer of A coding system of colored strings with...

Question 51

The hydraulic theory argues that civilizations emerged following the development of farming in which geographic areas?&#8203;&#10;A)&#8203;savannah areas&#10;B)&#8203;river valleys&#10;C)&#8203;fertile hillsides&#10;D)&#8203;heavily wooded areas

Accepted Answer

The answer of The hydraulic theory argues that civilizations emerged...

Question 52

What is the primary problem with the hydraulic theory?&#8203;&#10;A)&#8203;It does not explain every cultural case.&#10;B)&#8203;Irrigation was not essential to the earliest civilizations.&#10;C)&#8203;Some civilizations developed without farming.&#10;D)&#8203;It is skewed to Western case studies.

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is the primary problem with the...

Question 53

Why was Ani an important occupation site during its population heyday?&#8203;&#10;A)&#8203;It was located at the intersection point of Christian and Islamic populations..&#10;B)&#8203;It was the primary trading port for spices headed to Europe.&#10;C)&#8203;It was an important Islamic religious site that unified the Byzantine Empire.&#10;D)&#8203;It was the first capital of the Persian Empire.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Why was Ani an important occupation site...

Question 54

The primary difference between hydraulic and action theories of state development is that:&#8203;&#10;A)&#8203;action theory does not acknowledge the needs of food production&#10;B)&#8203;hydraulic theory does not take into account the effects of individuals and focuses rather exclusively on environment&#10;C)&#8203;hydraulic theory does not take into account the role of humans in environmental modification&#10;D)&#8203;action theory does not address the importance of water

Accepted Answer

The answer of The primary difference between hydraulic and action...

Question 55

In the Middle East, many national borders were haphazardly drawn to satisfy the imperialistic interests of Britain, France, and Soviet Russia including each of the following except:&#8203;&#10;A)&#8203;Iran&#10;B)&#8203;Turkey&#10;C)&#8203;Georgia&#10;D)&#8203;Armenia

Accepted Answer

The answer of In the Middle East, many national borders...

Question 56

The value of archaeological recovery and analysis in areas such as the Middle East contributes all of the following except:&#8203;&#10;A)&#8203;it reveals the symbolic impact of major sites over time&#10;B)&#8203;it helps disentangle facts and fictions regarding these sites&#10;C)&#8203;it provides information on how these sites were occupied and used&#10;D)&#8203;it helps modern-day peoples decide which site is more important

Accepted Answer

The answer of The value of archaeological recovery and analysis...

Question 57

Which theory of state development argues that forceful leaders play a central role in the development of complex societies?&#8203;&#10;A)&#8203;political theory&#10;B)&#8203;circumscription theory&#10;C)&#8203;hydraulic theory&#10;D)&#8203;action theory

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which theory of state development argues that...

Question 58

What caused the ancient site of Ani to fall into disrepair and be closed off to archaeologists from 1921 to 2002?&#8203;&#10;A)&#8203;New national borders drawn between Turkey and Armenia by the Soviet Union left the site divided by two different countries.&#10;B)&#8203;Massive earthquakes and landslides caused the instability of the area for several decades.&#10;C)&#8203;The Soviet Union and Britain divided Ani between them and would not allow archaeologists to work in either part.&#10;D)&#8203;The city of Ani was declared a World Heritage Site by UNESCO in 1921 and no one was allowed to excavate until the rightful owners were found.

Accepted Answer

The answer of What caused the ancient site of Ani...

Question 59

The old capital of Armenia, called Ani, is located today in:&#8203;&#10;A)&#8203;Iran&#10;B)&#8203;Turkey&#10;C)&#8203;Romania&#10;D)&#8203;Greece

Accepted Answer

The answer of The old capital of Armenia, called Ani,...

Question 60

The ancient city of Ani was threatened and attacked numerous times. The only thing that forestalled the total destruction of the city after these attacks was its importance as a:&#8203;&#10;A)&#8203;trade center&#10;B)&#8203;religious hub&#10;C)&#8203;political center&#10;D)&#8203;warrior training facility

Accepted Answer

The answer of The ancient city of Ani was threatened...

Question 61

The frequency of the Tay-Sachs allele increased because of selective pressure caused by:&#8203;&#10;A)&#8203;affluence&#10;B)&#8203;tuberculosis&#10;C)&#8203;enamel hypoplasia&#10;D)&#8203;edema

Accepted Answer

The answer of The frequency of the Tay-Sachs allele increased...

Question 62

After de Soto's journey through their territory, the Caddo population declined, likely due to disease, an estimated:&#8203;&#10;A)&#8203;50 percent&#10;B)&#8203;68 percent&#10;C)&#8203;84 percent&#10;D)&#8203;96 percent

Accepted Answer

The answer of After de Soto's journey through their territory,...

Question 63

What was the primary goal for Hernando de Soto's expedition through the southern part of North America?&#8203;&#10;A)&#8203;to find gold&#10;B)&#8203;to establish an empire&#10;C)&#8203;to create a trade network with Europe&#10;D)&#8203;to enslave Indians as laborers

Accepted Answer

The answer of What was the primary goal for Hernando...

Question 64

Some northern Europeans have a mutation at the gene on chromosome 7, which makes them resistant to some types of epidemic disease. However, the side effect found in people who are homozygous is:&#8203;&#10;A)&#8203;cystic fibrosis&#10;B)&#8203;muscular sclerosis&#10;C)&#8203;rheumatoid arthritis&#10;D)&#8203;color-blindness

Accepted Answer

The answer of Some northern Europeans have a mutation at...

Deck 6: The Emergence of Cities and States