Deck 5: The Integumentary System

Question 1

Albinism is the inherited inability to produce

A)melanin.
B)carotene.
C)both melanin and carotene.
D)keratin.
E)creatinine.

Answer 1

A

Question 2

This layer of the skin is composed mainly of dense irregular connective tissue containing collagen and elastic fibers.

A)Hypodermis
B)Basement membrane
C)Epidermis
D)Dermis
E)Hypodermis

Answer 2

D

Question 3

This is fine nonpigmented hair that covers the body of the fetus.

A)Alopecia
B)Vellus
C)Lanugo
D)Papilla
E)Lunula

Answer 3

C

Question 4

This epidermal cell has a role in immunity and disease resistance.

A)Langerhans cells
B)Keratinocytes
C)Melanocytes
D)Merkel cells
E)Podocytes

Question 5

This layer of epidermis is composed of a single row of cuboidal or columnar keratinocytes.

A)Stratum basale
B)Stratum spinosum
C)Stratum granulosum
D)Stratum lucidum
E)Stratum corneum

Question 6

Which of the following structures found in the skin help prevent water loss and inhibit bacterial growth on the surface of the skin?

A)Arrector pili
B)Lunula
C)Sweat glands
D)Hair follicles
E)Oil glands

Question 7

This is a mixture of triglycerides,cholesterol,proteins and inorganic salts.

A)Sweat
B)Lanugo
C)Vellus
D)Sebum
E)Mucus

Question 8

Describe the structure and function of arrector pili.

Question 9

This type of exocrine gland is a simple,branched acinar gland connected to a hair follicle.

A)Sebaceous gland
B)Sudoriferous gland
C)Both sebaceous gland and sudoriferous gland
D)None of these answers are correct

Question 10

Describe how fingerprints are formed and what they are used for.

Question 11

The process of keratinization involves

A)synthesizing new pigment in the skin.
B)cells accumulating a tough fibrous protein that helps protect the skin.
C)changes occurring in thin skin only.
D)both synthesizing new pigment in the skin and cells accumulating a tough fibrous protein that helps protect the skin.
E)none of these answer choices are correct.

Question 12

This layer of the skin is composed of a keratinized stratified squamous epithelium.

A)Epidermis
B)Dermis
C)Hypodermis
D)Subcutaneous layer
E)Corpuscle

Question 13

Characteristics of thick skin include:

A)Found in the palms,soles of the feet and fingertips.
B)Does not contain hair follicles.
C)Contains more sweat glands than thin skin.
D)Contain epidermal ridges.
E)All of these choices are correct

Question 14

This layer of the epidermis contains layers of flattened keratinocytes that are going through apoptosis.

A)Stratum basale
B)Stratum spinosum
C)Stratum granulosum
D)Stratum lucidum
E)Stratum corneum

Question 15

Keratin

A)is a protein.
B)is secreted by plasma cells to help protect the body from viruses.
C)is made by melanocytes only.
D)is both a protein and made by melanocytes only.
E)All of these choices are correct.

Question 16

The stratum lucidum

A)contains lamellar granules.
B)lies just above the stratum basale.
C)is the layer used in a skin graft.
D)is present only in thick skin.
E)can consist of up to 25-30 layers of dead keratinocytes.

Question 17

This is another name for the subcutaneous layer.

A)Dermis
B)Epidermis
C)Stratum corneum
D)Stratum basale
E)Hypodermis

Question 18

Constant exposure of skin to friction stimulates the formation of a callus,which is the thickening of the ________ of the epidermis.

A)stratum basale
B)stratum spinosum
C)stratum granulosum
D)stratum lucidum
E)stratum corneum

Question 19

This pigment secreted by specialized cells in the skin is capable of absorbing ultraviolet light.

A)Keratin
B)Melanin
C)Melatonin
D)Carotene
E)Collagen

Question 20

Which of the following structures found in the skin plays an important role in thermoregulation?

A)Merkel cells
B)Sebaceous glands
C)Sweat glands
D)Nails
E)Fingerprints

Question 21

This type of exocrine gland is a simple,coiled tubular gland that is found throughout almost the entirety of the skin.

A)Sebaceous gland
B)Eccrine sweat gland
C)Apocrine sweat gland
D)Ceruminous gland
E)None of these answer choices are correct.

Question 22

In the figure of a sagittal section of a fingernail shown,where is the hyponychium (nail bed)?

A)B
B)C
C)E
D)F
E)G

Question 23

In this type of scar,the scar tissue extends beyond the boundary of the injury into normal tissue.

A)Hypertrophic scar
B)Keloid scar
C)Proliferative scar
D)Inhibitory scar
E)Granuloma

Question 24

In the figure of a sagittal section of a fingernail shown below,where is the nail root?

A)A
B)C
C)E
D)F
E)G

Question 25

In the diagram of a hair root shown,where is the cortex?

A)B
B)C
C)D
D)E
E)F

Question 26

In the diagram of skin shown below,where is the arrector pili muscle?

A)C
B)D
C)E
D)F
E)G

Question 27

In the diagram of a hair root shown,where is the cuticle of the hair?

A)A
B)B
C)C
D)D
E)E

Question 28

In the photomicrograph of a portion of thick skin shown below,which layer is the stratum basale?

A)A
B)B
C)D
D)E
E)F

Question 29

In the diagram of skin shown below,where is the apocrine sweat gland?

A)C
B)D
C)E
D)F
E)H

Question 30

In the figure of a sagittal section of a fingernail shown,where is the eponychium (cuticle)?

A)A
B)B
C)E
D)F
E)G

Question 31

In the photomicrograph of a portion of thick skin shown below,which layer is the stratum spinosum?

A)A
B)B
C)C
D)D
E)E

Question 32

In the diagram of a hair root shown,where is the dermal root sheath?

A)C
B)D
C)E
D)F
E)G

Question 33

List and briefly describe the major functions of the skin.

Question 34

In the diagram of skin shown below,where is the reticular region of the dermis?

A)E
B)F
C)G
D)H
E)A

Question 35

In the diagram of skin shown below,where is the sebaceous gland?

A)C
B)D
C)E
D)F
E)H

Question 36

In the figure of a sagittal section of a fingernail shown below,where is the nail matrix?

A)A
B)C
C)E
D)F
E)G

Question 37

In the photomicrograph of a portion of thick skin shown below,which layer is only seen in thick skin?

A)A
B)B
C)C
D)D
E)E

Question 38

Briefly describe the steps in deep wound healing.

Question 39

Briefly describe the steps in epidermal wound healing.

Question 40

In the diagram of skin shown below,which labeled structure generates fingerprints?

A)A
B)B
C)G
D)H
E)None of these answer choices are correct.

Question 41

In the figure of a sagittal section of a fingernail shown,where is the lunula?

A)A
B)B
C)C
D)D
E)E

Question 42

Which structure is an eccrine sweat gland?

A)A
B)F
C)G
D)H
E)I

Question 43

Which structure in the figure produces a pigment that contributes to skin color and absorbs UV radiation?

A)A
B)B
C)C
D)D
E)G

Question 44

Which structures are dermal papillae?

A)A
B)F
C)G
D)H
E)I

Question 45

Meissner's corpuscle would be found in which region of the skin shown in the figure?

A)B
B)D
C)E
D)J
E)None of these answer choices are correct.

Question 46

Which structure in the figure detects touch sensations?

A)A
B)B
C)C
D)D
E)G

Question 47

Which of the labeled cells in the diagram of deep wound healing shown below has phagocytic properties?

A)C
B)E
C)F
D)All of these answer choices are correct.
E)Both E and F

Question 48

In the diagram,which structure is directly destroyed by electrolysis?

A)A
B)B
C)C
D)F
E)G

Question 49

In the diagram,which layer is the stratum granulosum?

A)E
B)F
C)G
D)H
E)I

Question 50

Which of the following best describes the events occurring at point B in the diagram of deep wound healing shown below?

A)Blood clot is forming.
B)New collagen fibers are forming.
C)Damaged blood vessels are being repaired.
D)Epithelium is migrating across wound.
E)Scar tissue is forming.

Question 51

In the diagram,which is the internal root sheath?

A)A
B)B
C)C
D)D
E)G

Question 52

Describe the major differences between thin skin and thick skin.

Question 53

In the diagram,which layer is the stratum corneum?

A)E
B)F
C)G
D)H
E)I

Question 54

Which of the following best describes the events occurring at point A in the diagram of deep wound healing shown below?

A)Blood clot is forming.
B)New collagen fibers are forming.
C)Damaged blood vessels are being repaired.
D)Epithelium is migrating across wound.
E)Scar tissue is forming.

Question 55

John has just been brought into the emergency room following a fiery explosion at a chemical plant.He is diagnosed with third degree burns over the anterior surfaces of his arms and trunk.What specific structural damage has occurred to his skin? What risks to John's life have resulted from this damage?

Question 56

Which structure in the figure produces a protein that helps protect the skin and underlying tissues from heat,microbes and chemicals?

A)A
B)B
C)C
D)D
E)E

Question 57

Describe the structural characteristics of the epidermis that contribute to its ability to protect the surface of an animal.

Question 58

Which structure in the figure is a receptor sensitive to pressure?

A)A
B)G
C)F
D)H
E)I

Question 59

Which letter is pointing to the subcutaneous layer of the skin in the figure?

A)C
B)E
C)B
D)J
E)I

Question 60

Which structures in the figure are sensitive to warmth,coolness and itching?

A)A
B)G
C)F
D)H
E)J

Question 61

Which of the following terms refers to an inflammation of the skin characterized by patches of redness,blistering,and extreme itching?

A)papule
B)laceration
C)keratosis
D)frostbite
E)eczema

Question 62

In the diagram,which is a melanocyte?

A)A
B)B
C)E
D)F
E)G

Question 63

Which of the following terms refers to a Hardened and thickened area of skin resulting from persistent pressure and friction?

A)callus
B)blister
C)wart
D)papule
E)fever blister

Question 64

Which condition results from androgens inhibiting hair growth in genetically predisposed adults?

A)hirsutism
B)pallor
C)jaundice
D)male-pattern baldness
E)erythema

Question 65

Which of the following terms refers to an irregular tear of the skin?

A)abrasion
B)papule
C)keloid
D)laceration
E)cyst

Question 66

Which of the following terms refers to redness of the skin such as seen in patients with inflammation,infection or heat exposure?

A)hirsutism
B)pallor
C)jaundice
D)androgenic alopecia
E)erythema

Question 67

In the diagram,which is the external root sheath?

A)A
B)B
C)C
D)D
E)G

Question 68

Which of the following conditions is characterized by excessive body hair caused by tumors in adrenal glands,testes or ovaries?

A)hirsutism
B)pallor
C)jaundice
D)androgenic alopecia
E)erythema

Question 69

Which of the following chemicals does NOT contribute to the color of human skin?

A)carotene
B)hemoglobin
C)pheomelanin
D)eumelanin
E)melatonin

Question 70

Describe the structure and function of the different types of exocrine glands found in the skin

Question 71

Which of the following skin disorders involves inflammation of sebaceous glands caused by bacteria which thrive in the lipid-rich sebum?

A)alopecia
B)acne
C)vitiligo
D)pressure ulcer
E)eczema

Question 72

Which of the following terms refers to reddened,elevated,and itchy patches of skin commonly caused by emotional stress,physical trauma,or certain food allergies?

A)wart
B)hives
C)papule
D)cyst
E)eczema

Question 73

Which of the following terms refers to paleness of the skin such as seen in patients with shock or anemia?

A)hirsutism
B)pallor
C)jaundice
D)androgenic alopecia
E)erythema

Question 74

You stepped on a nail.List the sequential layers (or strata)of the epidermis that the nail penetrated through to finally reach the dermis.

A)basale,spinosum,granulosom,corneum
B)granulosom,spinosum,lucidum,corneum,basale
C)corneum,lucidum,granulosom,spinosum,basale
D)corneum,granulosom,spinosum,basale
E)corneum,granulosom,lucidum,spinosum,basale

Question 75

Which of the following best describes events that lead to the tanning of skin that occurs after exposure of the skin to the sun's UV radiation?

A)UV radiation stimulates increased numbers of melanocytes in the skin.
B)UV radiation stimulates increased numbers of keratinocytes in the skin.
C)UV radiation stimulates increased production of melanin by melanosomes.
D)UV radiation inactivates tyrosinase activity in melanocytes.
E)UV radiation stimulates increased production of carotenes by keratinocytes.

Question 76

The hair root plexus functions to

A)support the growing hair.
B)cause the hair shaft to become erect.
C)stimulate sweat secretion.
D)give rise to the hair matrix.
E)assist hair in touch perception.

Question 77

Which condition is due to a buildup of bilirubin pigment in the skin?

A)hirsutism
B)pallor
C)jaundice
D)androgenic alopecia
E)erythema

Question 78

"Goose bumps" are caused by

A)contraction of arrector pili muscles.
B)secretions from the sudoriferous glands.
C)contraction of dermal papillae.
D)stimulation of hair root plexus.
E)secretions from the sebaceous gland.

Question 79

In the diagram,which is the hair matrix?

A)A
B)B
C)C
D)D
E)G

Question 80

In the diagram,which is the papilla of the hair?

A)A
B)C
C)E
D)F
E)G