Deck 30: Searching for the Fountain of Youth

Question 1

The research suggesting that Calorie restriction can improve human health and extend the human life span is preliminary.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

Calorie restriction is defined as consuming 1,000 or fewer Calories per day.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC),which of the following health habits does NOT promote increased longevity?

A) never smoking
B) restricting sleep to no more than 7 hours a night
C) engaging in adequate amounts of regular physical activity
D) maintaining a healthful weight and body composition

Answer 3

B

Question 4

Research studies indicate that consuming which of the following supplements can cause gastrointestinal upset?

A) ginger
B) ginseng
C) ginkgo
D) melatonin

Question 5

To gain up to 5 years of healthy living,people following Calorie restriction must

A) begin in early childhood.
B) practice it at least every other day.
C) restrict their energy intake by at least 20%.
D) consume a vegan diet.

Question 6

Intermittent fasting (IF)involves

A) reducing one's average energy intake.
B) avoiding all empty-Calorie foods every other day.
C) consuming no Calories at least one day of each week.
D) altering one's pattern of food intake.

Question 7

Most of the members of the Caloric Restriction Society and the CRONies are males.

Question 8

Maintaining an energy-restricted diet that is high in nutrients requires significant planning and preparation of most of your own meals.

Question 9

Research suggests that intermittent fasting and alternate-day fasting produce beneficial metabolic changes similar to those of Calorie restriction.

Question 10

An evaluation of the impact of Calorie restriction on health indicates that it is the energy content of the diet and NOT the nutrient content that is critical to prolong life.

Question 11

What does research suggest about regular physical activity's effect on the life span?

A) To prolong life span, physical activity must be performed at least four times a week in sessions lasting at least 45 minutes, at a high intensity.
B) Consuming a healthful diet while engaging in regular physical activity can reduce oxidative stress without the need for Calorie restriction.
C) People genetically predisposed toward a lean body type live longer even if they eat poorly and fail to engage in regular physical activity.
D) Exercise increases the risks for osteoporosis and fractures, reducing life span.

Question 12

Antioxidant supplements have not been shown to slow aging and may actually be harmful.

Question 13

Which of the following would LEAST likely be included in a longevity calculator?

A) level of physical activity and weight status
B) sleep quality and duration
C) alcohol, drug, and tobacco use
D) use of anti-aging supplements

Question 14

The key to a successful Calorie-restricted diet is to

A) consume 1,000 or fewer Calories per day.
B) consume a low-Calorie, nutrient-dense diet.
C) exercise at least one hour each day while eating fewer Calories than usual.
D) join a support group.

Question 15

Antioxidant supplements have consistently been shown to lower rates of death from heart disease and certain types of cancer.

Question 16

A drawback of Calorie restriction is that

A) it increases the risk of cardiovascular disease.
B) it may result in infertility.
C) many people who follow it complain of frequently feeling hot.
D) it is not thought to be effective in women.

Question 17

Chronic disease is responsible for what rate of deaths among Americans?

A) one in ten
B) three in ten
C) five in ten
D) seven in ten

Question 18

Which of the following is an established effect of Calorie restriction (CR)?

A) CR reduces metabolic rate and in turn the production of free radicals.
B) CR significantly reduces the risk for age-related cognitive decline.
C) CR causes marked improvement in bone density.
D) CR results in increased energy expenditure.

Question 19

Which of the following statements about anti-aging micronutrient supplements is TRUE?

A) No clinical trials of anti-aging supplements have yet been conducted.
B) Some studies have found an increased risk of mortality among people taking vitamin A or vitamin E supplements.
C) The anti-aging market enjoys nearly $1 billion in global sales.
D) A limited number of research trials has shown anti-aging micronutrient supplements to be effective in reducing cognitive decline and maintaining muscle and bone mass.

Question 20

Which of the following has been linked to human growth hormone (HGH)supplements?

A) joint and muscle pain
B) increased longevity
C) lower blood cholesterol levels
D) reduction in risk of type 2 diabetes

Question 21

If you want to live a longer,healthier life,the CDC recommends consuming a gluten-free diet.

Question 22

Even without Calorie restriction,vegan diets have been shown to improve an individual's metabolic profile.