Question 1

Lactose intolerance is the same as a milk allergy.

Accepted Answer

Lactose intolerance is a condition where the body is unable to fully digest lactose, a sugar found in milk and dairy products. A milk allergy, on the other hand, is an immune response to proteins found in milk and can be life-threatening. While both conditions involve difficulty digesting milk products, they are not the same thing.

Question 2

Bryce is dangerously allergic to shrimp,which he accidentally consumes in a baked dish.Which of the following would NOT be an expected way for Bryce's body to react to the allergen?&#10;A) widespread inflammation&#10;B) loss of consciousness&#10;C) difficulty breathing&#10;D) sudden increase in blood pressure

Accepted Answer

An allergic reaction to shrimp, like other severe food allergies, typically involves symptoms such as widespread inflammation, difficulty breathing due to swelling in the airways, and potentially loss of consciousness due to anaphylaxis. However, a sudden increase in blood pressure is not a common reaction; more typically, there might be a drop in blood pressure as part of an anaphylactic response.

Question 3

Lactose intolerance is caused by&#10;A) too much milk, choose, and yogurt in the diet.&#10;B) feeding an infant formula instead of breastmilk.&#10;C) an insufficient production of the enzyme lactase.&#10;D) increased production of the enzyme lactose.

Accepted Answer

Lactose intolerance occurs due to an insufficient production of the enzyme lactase, which is required to break down lactose, a sugar found in milk and dairy products. Without lactase, lactose remains undigested and passes into the colon, causing symptoms such as bloating, gas, and diarrhea. Consuming too much milk, cheese, and yogurt may exacerbate symptoms, but it is not the underlying cause of lactose intolerance. Feeding an infant formula instead of breastmilk may lead to lactose intolerance in rare cases but is not the most common cause. Increased production of lactose is also not a cause of lactose intolerance.

Question 4

In the United States,how many foods account for over 90 percent of all documented food allergies?&#10;A) 3&#10;B) 8&#10;C) 20&#10;D) 160

Accepted Answer

Eight foods account for over 90 percent of all documented food allergies in the United States. These include milk, eggs, fish, shellfish, tree nuts, peanuts, wheat, and soybeans.

Question 5

Celiac disease causes damage to the lining of the&#10;A) small intestine.&#10;B) large intestine.&#10;C) esophagus.&#10;D) stomach.

Accepted Answer

Celiac disease causes damage to the lining of the small intestine due to an immune reaction to gluten, a protein found in wheat, barley, and rye. Damage to the small intestine can lead to malabsorption and other health complications.

Question 6

Which of the following proteins provokes an immune response in people with celiac disease?&#10;A) collagen&#10;B) albumin&#10;C) gliadin&#10;D) insulin

Accepted Answer

Gliadin is a protein found in gluten-containing grains such as wheat, barley, and rye that triggers an immune response in individuals with celiac disease. Collagen, albumin, and insulin do not contain gliadin and are not related to celiac disease.

Question 7

Food allergies&#10;A) are more common than food intolerances.&#10;B) cause over 15,000 deaths in the United States each year.&#10;C) always trigger systemic inflammation.&#10;D) can be clinically diagnosed with a skin test or a blood test.

Accepted Answer

Food allergies can indeed be diagnosed through clinical methods such as skin prick tests or blood tests that measure the presence of specific allergy-related antibodies. Food allergies are less common than food intolerances, do not always cause systemic inflammation (reactions can range from mild to severe), and do not cause over 15,000 deaths annually in the United States; the number is significantly lower.

Question 8

Which of the following would a blood test reveal for a person suffering from a peanut allergy?&#10;A) malnutrition&#10;B) a lack of antibodies specific to peanuts&#10;C) the presence of antibodies specific to peanuts&#10;D) the presence of peanut allergen in the blood

Accepted Answer

A blood test for a person with a peanut allergy would reveal the presence of antibodies in the blood that are specific to peanuts. These antibodies are produced by the immune system in response to exposure to peanut allergens. The presence of these antibodies indicates that the person has a peanut allergy.

Question 9

What is the definitive test for diagnosing celiac disease?&#10;A) antigliadin antibodies test&#10;B) antigluten antibodies test&#10;C) biopsy of the small intestine&#10;D) genetic testing

Accepted Answer

The definitive test for diagnosing celiac disease is a biopsy of the small intestine. This involves taking samples of the lining of the small intestine to check for damage and inflammation characteristic of celiac disease. Antigliadin and antigluten antibodies can be detected in blood tests, but are not definitive diagnostic tests on their own. Genetic testing can be helpful in identifying individuals who may be at increased risk for developing celiac disease, but it is not a definitive diagnostic test for the disease itself.

Question 10

Why does advanced celiac disease lead to malabsorption?&#10;A) The degradation of the villi reduces the absorptive surface area of the intestine.&#10;B) Damaged enterocytes fail to produce sufficient enzymes to digest foods.&#10;C) The gluten crowds out other absorption sites on the enterocytes.&#10;D) Frequent anaphylactic reactions to various allergens constrict the GI tract.

Accepted Answer

Advanced celiac disease leads to malabsorption because the degradation of the villi reduces the absorptive surface area of the intestine. The villi are responsible for increasing the surface area of the small intestine, allowing for maximum absorption of nutrients. When they are damaged, absorption of vital nutrients is reduced or prevented, leading to malabsorption, malnutrition, and various deficiencies.

Question 11

The immune system plays a major role in the development of a food intolerance.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The immune system plays a major role...

Question 12

Undiagnosed celiac disease increases the risk for&#10;A) obesity.&#10;B) type 2 diabetes.&#10;C) high blood pressure.&#10;D) intestinal cancer.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Undiagnosed celiac disease increases the risk for&#10;A)...

Question 13

Which of the following typically occurs when people who are lactose intolerant consume dairy foods?&#10;A) headache&#10;B) joint pain&#10;C) constipation&#10;D) intestinal gas

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following typically occurs when...

Question 14

Individuals with celiac disease must eat gluten-free foods,which include&#10;A) wheat cereal.&#10;B) rye bread.&#10;C) brown rice pasta.&#10;D) barley soup.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Individuals with celiac disease must eat gluten-free...

Question 15

A food label on a nutrition bar lists its ingredients.Which of the following ingredients does NOT contain protein derived from the major allergenic foods?&#10;A) rice flour&#10;B) wheat flour&#10;C) roasted soybeans&#10;D) peanuts

Accepted Answer

The answer of A food label on a nutrition bar...

Question 16

Which of the following would cause intestinal distress for someone with lactose intolerance?&#10;A) whey&#10;B) peanuts&#10;C) wheat bread&#10;D) soybeans

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following would cause intestinal...

Question 17

Food intolerances usually occur because&#10;A) the person's small intestine does not produce enough of a digestive enzyme needed to break down the offending food.&#10;B) the person's immune system produces antibodies against a food component, usually a protein, as if it were harmful.&#10;C) the person's immune system provokes inflammation of the villi of the small intestine whenever the person consumes the offending food.&#10;D) the person's neuromuscular system prompts waves of backwards peristalsis in response to consumption of the offending food.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Food intolerances usually occur because&#10;A) the person's...

Question 18

If you believe you have nonceliac gluten sensitivity,you should&#10;A) stop eating gluten-containing foods immediately.&#10;B) ask your doctor for a blood test to check for celiac disease.&#10;C) ask your doctor for a skin or blood test to check for wheat allergy.&#10;D) increase your consumption of gluten-containing foods to see if your symptoms worsen.

Accepted Answer

The answer of If you believe you have nonceliac gluten...

Question 19

Many lactose-intolerant people can digest aged cheese and yogurt with live,active cultures without any gastrointestinal distress.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Many lactose-intolerant people can digest aged cheese...

Question 20

Celiac disease is linked to specific gene markers.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Celiac disease is linked to specific gene...

Question 21

Wheat is the only grain that people with celiac disease have to carefully avoid.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Wheat is the only grain that people...

Question 22

Nonceliac gluten sensitivity is thought to be due to emotional factors.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Nonceliac gluten sensitivity is thought to be...

Question 23

Celiac disease is the same as gluten sensitivity.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Celiac disease is the same as gluten...

Question 24

Strawberries are one of the eight most common allergenic foods in the American diet.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Strawberries are one of the eight most...

Question 25

The FDA currently requires that food labels clearly identify any ingredient containing protein derived from the eight major allergenic foods.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The FDA currently requires that food labels...

Deck 18: Disorders Related to Specific Foods